1、必修1 Unit4 知识点归纳1right/straight away 立刻，马上2give off a smelly smell 发现难闻的气味3be too nervous to eat 太紧张而吃不下 be only too glad/pleased to 求之不得；当然非常愿意 cant be too 再也不过分 While crossing the road, you can never be too careful! 过马路时，越小心越好。4The water pipes cracked. 水管开裂5burst into tears burst out crying 突然大哭 bu
2、rst into laughter burst out laughing 突然大笑burst/break into the house 突然闯入房子burst with anger/joy 勃然大怒乐不可支the burst of a balloon 气球爆了a burst of laughter 一阵笑声 at a (one) burst 一口气，一下子6as if/though 仿佛，好像7at an end 结束，终结 come to an end 完成；结束 put an end to = put/bring to an end 使结束 make both ends meet 量入为出
3、；使收支相抵 end up with 以结束； end up doing 最终在做某事8in ruins 荒芜的 lie/be in ruins 呈一片废墟 the ruins of ancient Rome 古罗马遗迹 bring to ruin 使 毁灭；使没落 fall into ruin 荒废；败落 go/come to ruin 毁灭；落空 ruin ones health/fame/future 毁坏某人的健康/名誉/前途辨析：ruin/damage/destroyruin: 在一定过程中逐渐对物体进行破坏，使其毁灭；damage：对物体的部分损害，暗示损坏后价值、效率、功能会降低
4、，但这种破坏有可修复性；destroy：彻底毁掉或毁灭，无法或难以修复。9The suffering was extreme. 损失惨重10injured (a.) - the injured 伤员 injury (n.) - do sb. an injury do an injury to sb. 伤害某人 be severely/seriously injured 受重伤辨析：injure/wound/hurt/harminjure: 指意外事故造成的伤害，也可指对名誉、地位的损害；wound：指人在战斗、攻击中受伤，身体出现明显的伤口，多指枪伤、刀伤、刺伤等皮肉之伤hurt：多指精神上受
5、到伤害，也指身体上的疼痛harm：指身体或精神上的损害或对周围事物的危害。意为“伤害；损害；有害于”。11think little/nothing/poorly/badly of 对评价低/不重视 think a lot/much/highly/well of 对评价高/重视 speak well/ill of 说的好/坏话 speak high praise for 对评价高12blow sth away 吹走，刮走13the railway tracks 铁轨 a muddy track 泥泞小道 keep/lose track of 了解（的动态）,与保持/失去联系 track the
6、missile 追踪导弹14tens of thousands of cows 成千上万的牛 (1) 后可数名词复数： a great/large number of a great/good many quite a few (2) 后不可数名词： a great deal of a great/large amount of(3) 后可数名词复数或不可数名词 a great/large quantity of/quantities of masses of plenty of15Its useless/no use doing 做没用16culture shock 文化冲击be in/go
7、 into shock 休克electric shock 电击 be shocked at the shocking news 对令人震惊的消息感到震惊 be shocked to do 深感意外地去做 It shocks sb. to do sth. 某事令某人震惊17be trapped in 被困在 set/lay a trap for 为设下圈套 be trapped into doing 被诱骗做某事 be caught in a trap 陷入困境fall into a trap 落入陷阱18suffer from natural disasters 遭受自然灾害之苦 in the
8、 disaster hit/stricken area 在灾区19a rescue party/team 救援队 come to ones rescue 救援，帮助 The miners were rescued from the coal mines. 矿工被人矿井救出来20dig out those who were trapped 挖出被困人员 dig out the truth 挖掘/发现真相 dig into a bowl of rice 开始津津有味地吃米饭 dig into Chinese history 探寻中国历史 dig ones hands into ones pocke
9、t 把双手深深插入口袋 dig for 寻找21bury in 把 埋入 be buried alive 被活埋 be buried in ones workbury oneself in (doing) 埋头于，专心于 bury ones face in ones hands 双手掩面22build shelters for survivors 为幸存者建避难处 take shelter from; shelter from 避难，庇护 shelterform 保护不受伤害23metal bars 金属条/棒 a bar of chocolate 一块巧克力 end up behind th
10、e bars 最后进了监狱24frighten sb into/out of doing sth 恐吓做/不做. a frightening night 一个令人恐怖的夜晚 a frightened boy 一个感到害怕的孩子25turn down/decline ones invitation 拒绝/婉言谢绝sb的邀请 26give/make/deliver a speech 演讲27a newly-repaired bicycle 一辆刚修好的自行车28congratulate you on your success; congratulations to you on your succ
11、ess祝贺你成功29judge between right and wrong 判断是非 judging from/by 从 . 判断 judge by/from 从 上看；根据 判断 as far as I can judge 据我判断，在我看来30be proud of; take pride in 因而自豪31make an outline 列出提纲32express my thanks to you 表达我对你的感谢 express ones opinion/concern/sympathy 表达观点/关心/同情 express a letter 用快件寄信 the express t
12、rain 快速列车 a blank expression on ones face 面无表情补充词汇：1. be honored for 因 受到尊敬 be honored as 被尊为 be honored with 给 以荣誉 feel honored to do 因做而感到荣耀 do sb. an honor 使某人有特殊的荣幸 have the honor of doing sth. 有幸做某事 in honor of 向表示敬意 Its an honor to do 很荣幸做2. prepare sth. for 为准备某物 prepare for 为做准备 prepare to d
13、o sth. 准备做某事 prepare sb./oneself for 使某人/自己做好准备 be/get well prepared to do sth. 为某事做好了准备 in preparation for 为准备 make preparations for 为 做好准备3. shake hands with sb.=shake sb. by the hand 与某人握手 shake off 抖掉；摆脱 shake with cold/anger/fear 冻得/气得/吓得发抖4. give rise to sth. 引起/导致某事 rise (up) against 造反；反叛 ge
14、t a rise = give sb. a rise 给某人提薪 on the rise 在上涨；在增长5. 辨析country/nation/state country: 指国家时，侧重疆土或人口； nation: 侧重人民、民族； state: 侧重政体、政府，也可指组成国家的“州”重点句式：1. 表示部分否定的句型：allnot = not all 并非所有的都 (1) all, both, each, every, everybody, everything, complete, completely, always, whole, wholly, entirely, altogeth
15、er等具有总括意义的代词、形容词和副词与否定词not连用，构成部分否定，表示“不都；并非都”。 (2) no, none, never, nobody, nothing, neither, no one, nowhere, no more, no longer, no way等表否定意义的词或词组，与肯定式谓语一起使用构成“全部否定”。2. 分数表示法(1) 不带整数的分数表达方式为：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，若分子大于1，分母的词尾应加s。2/3读作two-thirds 5/12读作five-twelfths1/3读作a/one third 1/4读作a/one fourth或a/one quarter1/2读作a/one half(2) 分数修饰或代表的名词作主语，其谓语的数由分数的修饰或代表的名词决定：如果是可数名词复数，谓语用复数；如果是不可数名词或可数名词单数，谓语用单数。Two thirds of the students were late today. 今天三分之二的学生迟到了。Two thirds of the work has not been done yet. 这项工作的三分之二还没有完成。Half the worlds telephone calls are made in English. 世界上一半的电话都是使用英语。 5
