1、 新概念英语1全册讲义和笔记Excuse1）v. 原谅eg. Excuse me. 请原谅，劳驾。2）n. 借口eg. Its an excuse.3）me pron. 我（宾格:用来做宾语的。）eg. He loves me.他爱我.eg. Please tell me.他告诉我.Excuse me 的用法 这个短语经常被译作“对不起”，但它并不表示你有什么过错，而是说你要打搅别人，所以常被译作“劳驾”。1） 为了要引起别人的注意eg. Excuse me. Is this you handbag?2） 要打扰某人或要打断别人 话eg. Excuse me . May I ask you a
2、 question?3) 向陌生人问路eg. Excuse me. Could you please tell me the way to the railway station?4) 向某人借东西eg. Excuse me. Can I borrow your pen?5) 需要从别人身边挤过或让别人给自己让路eg. Excuse me. Could you please make some room for me?6) 要求在宴席或会议中途中离开一会儿eg. Excuse me. May I lease for a little while?sorry 用于当你做错事而向别人道歉的时候，表
3、示“对不起”。. Grammar1. 一般疑问句;把系动词be(is, am, are) 置于句首eg. This is a handbag.这是一个手提包。（肯定句）eg. Is this a handbag.-Yes, it is. (肯定回答) （it 代handbag）-No, it ist.(否定回答)2. 否定句：把not 加在系动词的后面is not = isntam not are notLesson2watch1) n. 手表eg. My watch is new.我的手表是新的。eg. Is that your new watch?-Yes , it is.2) v 看wa
4、tch TVhouse 房子Exercise B1.当你没有听清楚别人的说话时，你应该说：Pardon?I beg your pardon?Pardon me?2.会议中途你想离开一会儿，你应该说:Excuse me3.当你不小心踩了别人的脚时，应该说：Sorry.4.当别人帮助了你，你应该说Thank youThank you very much小结含有系动词is 的句型转换1. 陈述句 This is . That is.2.一般疑问句 Is.?3.肯定回答：Yes , it is Yes , she is 4.否定回答：No, it isnt . No, she isnt.1. 否定句：
5、系动词后面加not.1) 请（可置于句首，也可置于句末）Come in please=Please come inSit down please=Please sit down2) 求求你（重读）eg. Dont tell my mother about it, please! 不要把这件事告诉我的妈妈，求求你了。eg. Help me, please! 帮帮我，求求你了。here adv. 这里 there adv. 那里eg. Come here. 到这儿来。eg. Go there. 到那儿去。here 与 there 置于句首时，后面主谓要倒装。eg. Here is my ticke
6、t.(here放置于句首，后面的系动词is 在主语my ticket的前面)正常语序：My ticket is here.my pron. 我的（物主代词不可以单独使用后面要加名词）Her boyfriend is very rich.她的男朋友很有钱。Welcome to our school.欢迎到我们学校来。ticket n. 票an air ticketa train ticketa bus ticketa cinema ticketHere is my air ticketnumber n.号码telephone number 电话号码number + 基数词 第.number on
7、e 第一number twoI am number one.lesson five 第五课day five 第五天five +可数名词复数形式 五个(表示数量为两个以上的名词都要用复数形式，即在词尾要加s)five handbags 五个手提包sorry 常用于对自己所犯的过失表示道歉Excuse me .打扰别人时说的客套话。Im sorry,. I broke yourglass.Excuse me. May I ask you a question?sir n. 先生表示对不相识的男子，年长者或上级的一种尊称，一般单独便用，后面不与姓氏连用。Excuse me, sir.Thank yo
8、u, sir.Can I help you, sir?Mr. 也是“先生”的意思，但与sir的用法上有所不同，Mr.必须与姓氏连用，不可单独便用。Mr. Zhang.TestQuestion:Does the man get his umbrella back? 这位男士有没有要回他的雨伞?My coat and my umbrella please.此句省略了动词give(给)give sb sth 把某物给某人（sb 是somebody 的缩写，表示“某人”）（sth 是 something的缩写，表示“某物”）Give me my coat and my umbrella please.
9、Here is my ticket此句为倒装句，副词here/three置于句首时，主谓要倒装。正常语序：My ticket is here.Heres your umbrella and your coat.and 表示“和”，是连词，连接两个并列成份，位置可以互换。My father and my mother.Is this your umbrella?此句为一般疑问句。含有系动词be 的陈述句变成一般疑问句，把系动词置于句首，句号变问号，用升调。Is this her can?Yes, it is.Is this it ? = Is this your umbrella?it 指you
10、r umbrella,由于前面提到了umberlla, 所以后面就用it 来代替，以免重复。I want a mans suit. 我想要一套男装。at school 在学校求学Her son is at school.她的儿子在学上校上学。go to school 去上学My son is very strong.My daughter is very lovely.我的女儿非常可爱。我妈妈的那套衣服不是黑色的。My mothers(名词所有格) suit isnt black.Lesson five语音：后元音（五个）; 用舌的后部感觉发音。a: 口腔全开，嘴唇成自然装态，不扁也不圆，长音
11、。ar car hard star park farm dark party start a fast past father ear heart al half1. You cant park your car on the farm.2. The party starts at half past ten.3. I cant see the stars in the dark sky.C发音时舌尖要离开下齿龈，口形椭圆，肌肉放松，短音。闭音节单词中ojob clock long stop lost got boss hot a watch water 1. She lost that jo
12、b, but she got this job.2. The clock often stops.C:or born sport horse short al all tall fall wall talk aw paw law drawau augh taught caughtLesson fiveMr. 先生（不可单独使用）Mr. + 姓氏Mr. leeMr. zhangsir 先生可以单独使用，是对上级，长者，或陌生男性的尊称。Sir 后面不能加姓氏。Thank you, sir.Sorry, sir.Can I help you, sir?good adj. 好反义词 bad adj.
13、 坏的This is a good book.She is a good teacher.morning n. 早晨afternoon n. 下午evening n. 晚上night n. 夜里Good morning.Good afternoon,Good eveningGood nightin the morning 在早上in the afternoon 在下午in the evening 在晚上at night 在夜里Miss 小姐（一般指未婚女性）Miss + 姓氏Miss LeeMrs. 太太（己婚女性）Mrs. +丈夫的姓氏Mrs. Black 布莱克太太(其丈夫姓Black)M
14、s. 女士（对未知婚姻状况者的称谓）Ms. Lee 李女士英语国家人名的构成：first name + middle name + aurname 名字 中间名 姓new adj. 新的反义词 old adj. 旧的That is my new shirt.Is this your old dress?French n. 法国人（国籍）;法语 adj. 法国的Miss Lee is French.I can speak French.He is a French student.France n. 法国（国名）I come from France.I am from France.German
15、 n. 德国人（国籍）;德语 adj. 德国的Are you German?He can speak German.Is Miss Sophie Dupont a German student?Germany dV:mmi n.德国（国名）meet v 遇见，碰见Nice to meet you这是非正式场合下初次见面时的客套用语。回答也应为：Nice to meet you, too.在正式场合中How do you do? 你好回答也是How do you do?Japanese n. 日本人（国籍），日语 adj. 日本的Japan n. 日本（国名）Korean n. 韩国人（国籍）;
16、 韩国语 adj. 韩国的Korea n. 韩国（国名）Chinese n.中国人（国籍）; 汉语 adj. 中国的China n. 中国（国名）China is a big country.too adv. 也用在肯定和疑问句中。否定句中用either, too 和 either 一般都放在句末，并且用逗号隔开。Miss Dupont is French, too.Mrs. Lee is not German, either.Good morning.也可以直接用hello 问好。This is Miss Sophie Dupont. Sophie is a new student. She
17、 is French.“This is + 姓名” 是把一个人介绍给另一个人时用的句型。向别人介绍自己时：My name is 或者是 I am.He is German=He is from Germany.Nice to meet you.用于非正式场合的初次见面。回答：Nice to meet you, too.make1) n. (产品的)牌号My shirt is a Korean make.我的衬衫是韩国牌子的。What make is your car?2) v. 制造，做make a carmake a model plane.Swedish n. 瑞典人（国籍） adj. 瑞
18、典的Sweden n. 瑞典 （国名）Sweden is in Europe.瑞典在欧洲。English adj.英国的 英语， 英国人England n. 英格兰， 英国American adj. 美国的 n 美国人America n. 美国Italian adj. 意大利的 意大利人，意大利语Italy n. 意大利（国名）选择疑问句Is she a Chinese teacher or a Japanese teacher?She isnt a Chinese teacher. She is a Japanese teacher.name 姓名My name is .Your name
19、is His name is Her name isMy name is Wendy.I am 含系动词的特殊疑问句结构：特殊疑问句+系动词+主语？What color is his shirt?What is your name?nationality n. 国籍What nationality are you?你是哪国人？Where are you from?Where do you come from?job 工作What is your job?What do you do?你的工作是什么？Lesson ninehow 怎么样 (特殊疑问词)how many 多少（可数名词复数）How
20、 many students?how much 多少（不可数名词，价格）How much tea?How much is the handbag?how long 多长时间How long have you been in China?how often 多经常（频率）How often do you take a bath?how far 多远（距离）How far is it from here?how soon 多久I am leaving for Shanghai on business.How soon will you come back?well 1) adv. 好（修饰动词）
21、He cooks well.He dose well in English.3) adj. 身体好How are you, today?I am well. Thank you, and you?see 表示结果look 强调动作过程Look at the blackboard.watch 看，注视（所看画面是移动的）Nice to meet you.(初次见面时打招呼用语)Nice to see you.(相互认识的人见面时打招呼用)This is our classroom.Whose classroom is this？Whose is this classroom?形容词性物主代词是修
22、饰名词的，所以后面必须加名词。This suit is my. (错语)This suit is mine. (正确)名词性物主代词必须单独使用，后面不再接名词。名词所有格是在词尾加s。这种形式即具有形容词性，也具有名词性。Whose shirt is this?This is Wendys(作形容词性物主代词来用) skirt.=This is her skirt.Whose is this skirt?This skirt is Wends. =This skirt is hers.Your car is red; mine is blue.mine =my carI have my wa
23、y, and she has hers.我有我的处事方式，她有她的。whose 引导的特殊疑问句即可用形容词性物主代词回答，也可用名词性物主代词回答。Whose house is this?This is our house. = This house is ours.perhaps=maybe 可能Perhaps it will rain.Perhaps it is his car.catch v.1) 接住Catch2) 逮住，捕获 catch a thief3) 染上（疾病catch a coldfather=Dadmather=Mumparents: father and mother
24、His parents is in Germany.(his parent 复数，故系动词用are)What makeWhat make is your watch?come v. 来go v. 去Come on; lets go swimming.来吧，我们去游泳。Come on; stop day-dreaming.得了，拜托，别再做白日梦了。Come on; youll be fine.没关系，你会没事的。upstairs adv. 楼上 downstairs adv. 楼下here there home abroad地点副词前不可以加介词。come here 不可以说成 come to
25、 here.smart adj.1) 漂亮的; 时髦的 Lucys blouse is smart. Her hat is very smart2) 聪明的; 机灵的She is a smart student.He is a smart businesman.clever 聪 明的（指理解力）; 狡猾的bright (多指小孩)Your little son is so bright.wise 理性的; 精明的（形容年纪较长者）lovely 可爱的Whose is this lovely hat?Whose lovely hat is this?Its Anns (hat)cute 小孩可爱
26、The baby is cute.祁使句：谓语动词一般用原形，表示请求建议命令等。Follow me Shut the door, please Be carefulGo and buy a new hat.Wait and seesame 常与the 连用 表示同一的，相同的the same age The same cityWe live in the same city.friend n. 朋友Are they your friends?friendly adj.友好的be friendly to sb 对.友好She is friendly to me.(to 介词后面要接宾语)2)在
27、以“s”“x”“sh”“ch”结尾的单数名词变复数时，需在单词后面加“es”bus buses dress dresses3) 以元音字母加“y”结尾的单数名词变复数，我们在词尾加sboy boys 以辅音字母加“y”结尾的单词，需把“y”去掉再加ies fly flies baby babies4) 以o结尾的单数名词变复数时有两种形式：其一是直接在词尾加s; 另一种是在词尾加es.口诀：黑人英雄爱吃土豆西经柿 +esNegro(es) hero(es) potato(es) tomato(es)其它则加sphoto(s)5) 不规则变化man men goose geese foot fe
28、et(以f 或 fe 结尾的单数名词变成复数，一般把f或fe 变成v 再加es.)knife knivesemployee n. 雇员employer n.雇 主employ v.employ sb.employment n. 就业 unemployment n.失业-ee 一般指动作的承受者，被动者-er 一般指施动者，主动者interview v. 采访; 面试*interviewee n. 被面试者，被采访者*interviewer n. 面试者，采访者.*hard-working adj.勤奋的Miss Smith is a hard-working employee. Smith小姐
29、是一个勤奋的雇员。 *hard work n. 艰苦的工作（hard是adj., work是n.）That is hard work. 那是一项艰苦的工作。（注意work当工作讲时是不可数名词因此前面不能加“a”）*work hard v. 努力工作（work是v.，hard是adv.）We work hard. 我们努力工作。*sales reps 推销员*sales rep (单数形式)*rep representative n. 代表*sales n. 销售*sales representative 销售人员，销售代表*sales person 销售人员*salesman 男销售员*sa
30、leswoman 女销售员*man n. 男人 （单数） 人类 men*woman n.女人 women*office n. 办公室*in the office 在办公室里*assistant n.助手，助理*assistant of the manager 经理助理*office block 办公大楼*officer 官员*assist v. 援助*who 引导的特殊疑问句*who 引导的含有系动词的特殊疑问句的句型为：*who is + 单数名词？*who are + 复数名词？Who is that fat man?This conversation is between Mr. Jac
31、kson and Mr. Richards. Mr. Jackson is introducing the employees to Mr. Richards. Listen to the dialogue and answer the questions.What are Michael Baker and Jeremy Shots jobs?Before we listen to the dialogue . Lets practice these names.Come and meet our employees, Mr. Richards. 祈使句(省略主语)：You come and
32、 meet our employees.用来表示建议，命令，叮嘱等。*this is 用来介绍他人How do you do? 在正式场合下第一次见面时用语。回答也是：How do you do?- How are you? 朋友或相识的人之间见面时的询问身体状况的问候语。- I am fine. / I am well.*matter n. 事情Whats the matter? 怎么了？（用来询问发生了什么事）Whats wrong?Whats the matter with.?Whats wrong with.? .怎么了？Whats the matter with your broth
33、er? 你的兄弟怎么了？It doesnt matter! 没事，没关系！常用在回复sorry这句话中- Sorry! Im sorry!- It doesnt matter!*children n. 孩子们（复） child (单数)- Whose child is this?- This is her child.- Whose is this child?- This child is hers.*tired adj. 累的，疲乏的- Im tired. 我累了。*tire out :completely tired 筋疲力尽了*tireless 不知疲倦的*less 是形容词后缀，具有
34、否定意义。- a tireless worker 不知疲倦的工人*thirsty adj. 渴的-We are tired and thirsty.*right adj.1) 好的，可以- Lets go upstairs and see my new blouse. 让我们上楼看我的新衬衫。- All right.-I fell off the stairs. 我从楼梯上摔了下来。- Are you all right? 你还好吧？-Yes, I am. 我还好，没什么事。2） 右边，右边的*left 左边，左边的- on the right 3) 正确的- Thats right. 对，没
35、错（wrong）*there be 结构There be. 某地有某物There is + n. (可数单数名词或不可数名词) + 介词短语（状语）There are + n. (可数复数名词) + 介词短语（状语）介词(后面加名词)*in 在里面-in the box - in the office-in the room*on 在 上面- on the desk- on the book- on the floorThere is a tie in the box. 在盒子里面有一条领带（a tie可数名词单数，所以用is.）There are two shirts on the bed.
36、 在床上有两件衬衫。（two shirts 复数名词，所以用are）There is some water on the desk. 在桌子上有一些水。（water 不可数名词，所以用is.） 我们说如果一个句子中有be的形式存在，那么这个句子的疑问或否定形式都在be 本身变化。比如说疑问句，我们就把系动词提前，否定句，我们就在系动词后面加not.There is a tie in the box.Is there a tie in the box.Yes, there is.No, there isntThere is some water on the desk.Is there any
37、water on the desk? (some 和any 都表示“一些“，some一般用在肯定句中，any 用在疑问句或否定句中。)Listen to the dialog carefully and answer: why do the children thank their mother?Are you ok now?Lesson 20*big1) 外形比较大-There is a big box on the floor. 地板上有一个大箱子。2）抽象的大-Deng Xiaoping is a big man. 邓小平是一个伟大的人物。*small 体积小*little (感情色彩)
38、小-a small room- a little girl (带有喜欢，喜爱之情)*open 1) adj. 开着的- The shop is open. 商店开业了。2） v. 开，打开-open the door 打开门*shut1) adj. 关着的 = closed-The door is closed.-The door is shut.2) v. 关上= close-shut the door-close the door-Shut up! 闭嘴*light 1) adj. 轻的-The box is so light that I can lift it by myself. 这
39、个箱子真是太轻了，我一个人就能把它提起来。-light punishment 比较轻的处罚2) n. 灯-turn on the light 开灯- turn off the ligt*heavy adj. 重的- Is the desk heavy?-heavy smoker 吸烟比较多的人- heavy drinker 喝酒比较多的人- heavy hearted 心事重重的人，伤心的Lesson 21*give v. 给-give sb sth -give sth to sb 把给某人-Give Mr. Baker that tie.- Give that tie to Mr. Bake
40、r.把那条领带给贝克先生。*give 后面的人如果是代词的时候，我们要用宾格。例句Give me those coats. 中“me”是宾格作give 的宾语。其它人称的宾格主格 宾格*I me*you you*he him*she her*we us*they them*it it-Give them these ne umbrellas.-Give these new umbrellas to them.*one pron.-one 不是数词，而是不定代词，代替上面提到过的单数名词。复数形式为ones.*which 哪一个-Which room is yours?-This one? (
41、one 代替上句的room)-No, not this one, that one.-Which cases are yours?-These ones? （ones是复数形式指你上句的cases）-Give me a book please, Jane.为祈使句。主语you 省略，后加please ,表示客气的请求。-Give a book to me, please,.-give 后面接复合宾语，直接宾语为a book, 间接宾语为me.-Which book? = Which book do you want?-This one?-No, not that one. The red one.- one 代替 book-This one? = This book?*empty1) adj. 空的- The room is empty.-Give her the empty box.-Give the empty to her.2) v. 倒空，弄空-empty the box 把
