1、初中英语选词填空题解题技巧与专题训练 根据平时的观察，学生在做英语“选词填空”时，遇较多困难，有的甚至条件反射一样畏惧或厌烦。在此，我把平时积累的解题技巧和训练技巧略作归纳，希望能给有大家提供一点帮助。 “选词填空”要求学生利用所给的10-11个词汇（今年的湛江中考要求是用给出10个词汇补全一篇有10个空缺的短文)。据观察，所给出的词汇一般有名词、代词、动词、形容词、副词、数词、冠词、介词和连词等，补全一篇有10个空缺的短文。要攻克这一难关，学生除了要进行大量的课外阅读，积累丰富的语言知识外，还需掌握一定的解题技巧。 1.在拿到题目後，不要急于看文章，首先对备选的词汇研究几遍，对词性作简单的标
2、记，例如：名词-n.，动词-v.，形容词-a.，副词-ad. 等等。同时对词义作初步的理解。 2.通读全文，语义完整、适用、合乎逻辑是做好填词的前提。通过上、下文的句子，充分理解短文的内容，注意发现固定搭配关系，凭借语感积极主动地猜测空格中所缺的信息，根据需要去备选词汇中寻找匹配的答案。 3.在选定单词後，不要轻率地填入。在填词过程中，需要瞻前顾後，既要符合本句的含义，又要保证句式结构的正确。当你选定一个名词时，要考虑是否要把它变成复数或“所有格”形式。例如：match-matches,friend-friends/friends/friends。其他还要考虑名词是否需要变成形容词，例如：su
3、n-sunny, use-useful/useless/used, care-careful,danger-dangerous；在遇到动词时，要有意识地去考虑时态和语态的变化以及非谓语动词形式的变化(动词不定式- to do, 现在分词-doing, 过去分词-done, 固定搭配-enjoy doing sth./used to do sth./have sth. done)；形容词和副词填空时要主动去判定是否需要变成比较级或最高级，还有它们之间的相互转换以及形容词变名词的需求也需考虑，例如：interesting-more /the most interesting, happy-happ
4、ily，happy -happiness; 填入代词时，需注意辨別主格、宾格、名词性和形容词性物主代词或反身代词的用法；数词方面要注意基数词和序数词的变化以及分数和虚实数的用法，例如：three-third, 2/3-two thirds, one thousand/thousands of ；冠词只需要在 a或an之间判別，如a girl/an old man; 当遇到介词和连词时，就更简单，只要符合上下文逻辑或固定短语搭配，填入即可。为了方便记忆，试著记住下面的顺口溜：空前空后要注意，“名词”单复数要牢记，还有 s 不能弃，“动词”注意要变形，“形副”注意要用三种级，要填“数词”请留意，千
5、万別忘 “基” 和“序”，填入“代词”需慎重，五格变化要谨记。4.完成填词后，应通读全文，复核校对。检查单词拼写是否正确，是否有时态、语态、惯用法及词语选用上的错误，以确保答案的正确性。最後把答案填入答卷时，切勿错位。初中英语选词填空题的解题思路： 1跳过空格、通读短文、了解大意。解题时先跳过空格，通读完形填空的短文，了解全篇的内容和要旨。要重视首句，善于以首句的时态、语气为立足点，理清文脉，推测全文主题及大意。2复读短文、确定语义、判断词形。把握短文大意后再认真复读短文，利用上下文的语境，结合所学过的知识，先确定空格处所需词语的意义，再根据空格在句子中的位置，判断其在句中充当的成分，从而确定
6、所填词的词性，再依据词语搭配和语法规则，判断所填的词的正确形式。3三读短文、上下参照、验证答案。在短文的每一空白处填上一个词后，将完成的短文再细读一遍，上下参照，连贯思考。把所填的答案放入短文中进行检验，可从上、下文内容是否协调一致、顺理成章，语法结构是否正确无误等进行综合验证，凡有疑问必须重新推敲考虑。做选词填空题时应注意如下几点：1语义完整、适用是做好填词的前提，要从全文的内容出发，前后上下联系起来考虑，避免只见树木不见森林的错误。2要善于从文中同样结构或类似结构中寻找线索，从中得到提示和启发，帮助确定应填词的词性和词形，这样可避免想当然地随意乱填。3填词时应注意词形，不可简单地都填原形词
7、。若空格内填的是名词，要考虑其单复数形式；若填的是形容词或副词，则要考虑其是否属于比较等级；如若填的是动词，则要特别注意考虑其时态和语态。如在句首，还要考虑其首字母的大写。4有些空格需要填入介词、连词等结构词，除考虑上下文的内容外，还要考虑和其他词的固定搭配及其惯用法结构。 中考英语选词填空题的专项训练 （一)enjoy, where, see, idea, go, take, morning, make, with, problemA：what are you going to do next weekend?B:I have no 1_. What about you?A:I dont k
8、now.Do you want to do something2_me?B:Sure.What do you want to do?A:How about 3_ fishing on Saturday?B: Ok . 4_ are we going to meet?A:Lets meet at my house.My father has a boat.He can 5_ us fishing on the lake.B:What time shall we leave?A:Lets leave at 5:30 in the 6_. Fishing is good at that time.B
9、:So early? Can we 7_ it a little later?A:Well,no 8_. What about 6:00?B:Great. We are sure 9_ ourselves. 10_ you at 6:00 on Saturday morning.A:Ok. Bye! (二） leave, what, ask, in, driver, something, inside, bring, me, how A：Good morning,madam. May I help you?B:Yes , Im afraid I1_my handbag in the taxi
10、this morning. A:Whats2_the handbag?B:About 8000 yuan.A: 3_ else?B:Yes, my ID card, I think.A:By the way, have you4_ for the taxi ticket?B:Yes, the ticket5_ is 6543278.A:Well, Ill help you to call the taxi 6_. (Knocking at the door)B:Come in, please.A:Good morning, sir. I found this handbag on my tax
11、i and I 7_it here. Theres much money 8_.B:Thank you very much.(turning to the woman) Is this your handbag?A: Yes, its 9_ .Thank goodness!10_ a kind man! Thank you. (三） eat, around, be, of, amusement, difference, probable, gift, but, otherHave you ever been to Disneyland? First, most of the kids 1_ t
12、he world, this 2_ park is a fantastic place for them to have fun. When we 3_young, we all have heard 4_ Mickey Mouse, sleeping beauty, Snow White and many Disney characters. Some of us 5_have seen them in cartoons. Actually, you can go to see them in a theme park. Now, there are four 6_Disneyland am
13、usement parks all over the world. Two are in the United States, one is in Tokyo, and the7_ is in France. There are not only some amusement attractions there,8 _ also many specials with Disney characters. In Disneyland, you can have a lot of fun watching Disney movies, 9_in Disney restaurants, and bu
14、ying Disney10_. (四）choose, difference, never, thirsty, need, time, play, on, exercise, throughDo you want to be healthier? Then go1_ the passage, and you may find its easy to keep fit.Eat all kinds of foods, especially fruits and vegetablesYou may have a favourite kind of food, but the best 2_ is to
15、 eat as many kinds as possible. If you eat 3_ foods, youre more likely to get the nutrients your body need. Taste new foods that you4_ tried before. Some foods, such as green vegetables, are very important. Have five servings(份）of fruits and three vegetables.Drink water and milk oftenWhen you are re
16、ally5_,cold water is the No.1 choice. Kids need calcium(钙）to grow strong, and milk is a great source of this mineral(矿物质）. How much do children6_? About three glasses of milk every day.Limit screen timeWhats screen time? Its the7_ for watching TV, DVDs and videos,8 _ computer games, and using the co
17、mputer. If you spend much time9_these activities, you may have less time left to take10_, such as playing basketball, bicycling and swimming. (五） before, shine, fast, in, come, watch, so, cannot, it, ago Light travels at a speed which is about a million times 1_ than that of sound. 2_one second, lig
18、ht travels about 300,000 kilometres, but sound travels only 340metres. You can get some idea of this difference by 3_ the start of a running math. If you stand far away from the starter(发令员）, you can see smoke 4_ from his gun 5_the sound reaches your ears. The fast speed of light produces some stran
19、ge facts. The nearest star is 6_far away that light which you can see from it tonight started to travel to you four years 7_at a speed of nearly two million kilometres every minute. The light from some of tonights started on 8_ journey towards you even before you were born. So if we want to be hones
20、t,we 9_ say, “The stars are shining brightly tonight.” We have to say, “The stars look nice. They were10_ four years ago but their light has just reached our earth.” 专题训练答案（一） 1.idea 2. with 3.going 4.where 5.take 6.morning 7.make 8. problem 9.enjoy 10.See（二） 1. left 2. in 3. Anything 4. asked 5. nu
21、mber 6.driver 7.brought 8.inside 9.mine 10.What（三）1. around 2.amusement 3. were 4. of 5. probably6.different 7. other 8. but 9. eating 10. gifts(四） 1.through 2.choice 3. different 4. never 5. thirsty6. need 7. time 8. playing 9.on 10. exercises（五） 1.faster 2.In 3. watching 4. come 5. before 6.so 7. ago 8. its 9.cannot 10. shining7
