1、1毕业论文外文翻译外文题目THECULTUREOFECONOMICDEVELOPMENTINOHIOACASESTUDYINDEFIANCECOUNTY出处OHIOJOURNALOFSCIENCEAPR2007,VOL107ISSUE2,P29,作者KARENDJOHNSONWEBBANDMARKCZELLER原文THECULTUREOFECONOMICDEVELOPMENTINOHIOACASESTUDYINDEFIANCECOUNTYABSTRACTECONOMICDEVELOPERSINNORTHWESTOHIOHAVEFACEDENORMOUSCHALLENGESSINCETHEECO
2、NOMICRESTRUCTURINGOFTHE1970SLOCALFACTORSALSOIMPACTONLOCALECONOMICDEVELOPMENTEFFORTSTHISISACASESTUDYOFRURALECONOMICDEVELOPMENTINAPOSTINDUSTRIALECONOMYINTERMSOFTHECULTUREOFECONOMICDEVELOPMENTAQUALITATIVEAPPROACHWASUTILIZEDANDDATAWEREGATHEREDFROMINTERVIEWSWITHFIVEKEYECONOMICDECISIONMAKERSINDEFIANCECOUN
3、TY,OH,TOGATHERABETTERUNDERSTANDINGOFTHECULTURALINFLUENCESONECONOMICDEVELOPMENTTHERETHERESULTSREVEALEDTHATTHECULTUREOFECONOMICDEVELOPMENTINTHISRURALCOUNTYCOULDBEDESCRIBEDINFOURMAJORTHEMESTHEWIDELYEMBRACEDECONOMICSTRATEGYOFIMPROVEMENTOFTHEBUSINESSCLIMATE,ALACKOF“STATEVISION“INECONOMICDEVELOPMENT,PERCE
4、PTIONOFTHENEEDFORCOLLABORATIONBETWEENSTATEGOVERNMENTANDPRIVATEENTERPRISE,ANDTHEPROCESSOFGLOBALIZATIONASAFORCETHATHADDRAMATICALLYAFFECTEDTHESOCIALANDECONOMICFABRICOFTHEIRCOMMUNITYTHESERESULTSIMPLYTHATTHEREISAGREATNEEDFORSTATEFACILITATIONOFINTERPERSONALNETWORKSACROSSGOVERNMENTAGENCIESANDPRIVATEENTERPR
5、ISESHOWEVER,INLIGHTOFTHESTATEGOVERNMENTSPERCEIVEDUNWILLINGNESSORINABILITYTOCOLLABORATE,CONTINUINGTOEMBRACETHECURRENTECONOMICDEVELOPMENTFRAMEWORKMAYBEDETRIMENTALTOPROGRESSINLOCALECONOMIC2DEVELOPMENTINTRODUCTIONMANYRURALAREASINTHEINDUSTRIALMIDWESTERNUSHAVEFACEDENORMOUSCHALLENGESSINCETHEECONOMICRESTRUC
6、TURINGOFTHE1970S,WHICHRESULTEDINAMASSIVEREDUCTIONINTHEMANUFACTURINGBASEANDTHECREATIONOFASERVICESBASEDECONOMYWITHTHERESULTINGLOSSOFMANUFACTURINGJOBS,POPULATION,ANDTAXBASE,ECONOMICDEVELOPMENTEFFORTSHAVEBEENSTYMIEDINMANYRURALAREASASIDEFROMTHESEMACROECONOMICFACTORS,LOCALFACTORSIMPACTTHENATUREANDEFFECTIV
7、ENESSOFECONOMICDEVELOPMENTASWELLNORTHWESTOHIO,APREDOMINATELYRURALREGION,HASFACEDMANYOFTHESECHALLENGESDEFIANCECOUNTY,ARURALCOUNTYINNORTHWESTOHIO,ISACASESTUDYOFTHECHALLENGESOFRURALECONOMICDEVELOPMENTINAPOSTINDUSTRIALECONOMYECONOMICDEVELOPMENTINDEFIANCECOUNTY,LIKEOTHERRURALAREAS,ISBEINGIMPACTEDBYNUMERO
8、USFACTORSTHECOMPETITIVEGLOBALIZATIONOFLOCALINDUSTRIES,THENEEDFORDEVELOPMENTOFITSWORKFORCE,INDUSTRYDOWNSIZING,ANDTHELOSSOFINDUSTRYTOOTHERSTATESANDFOREIGNCOUNTRIESASTUDYOFDEFIANCECOUNTYSCULTUREOFECONOMICDEVELOPMENTMAYPROVIDEABETTERUNDERSTANDINGOFTHEECONOMICDEVELOPMENTPROCESSTHEREASWELLASPROVIDEUSEFULK
9、NOWLEDGETHATCOULDBEDRAWNUPONFORCOLLECTIVEECONOMICDEVELOPMENTPLANNING,ATTRACTING,MAINTAINING,ANDDEVELOPINGHIGHERLEVELJOBOPPORTUNITIESANDBETTERECONOMICGROWTHFORTHEPOPULATIONOFNORTHWESTOHIOMATERIALSANDMETHODSAQUALITATIVEAPPROACHWASUTILIZEDSOTHATRICHDATACOULDBEGATHEREDINTHEFIELDINDEPTHINTERVIEWSWERECOMP
10、LETEDWITHFIVEKEYECONOMICDECISIONMAKERSINDEFIANCECOUNTYTOGATHERABETTERUNDERSTANDINGOFTHECULTURALINFLUENCESONECONOMICDEVELOPMENTTHEREPARTICIPANTSWEREINDIVIDUALSWHOSERVEDINECONOMICDEVELOPMENT,GOVERNMENT,ANDBUSINESSLEADERSHIPPOSITIONSINDEFIANCECOUNTYTHEINTERVIEWEESWERESELECTEDSOASTOINCLUDEREPRESENTATION
11、OFCORPORATE,NONPROFIT,ANDCITYANDCOUNTYGOVERNMENTVIEWPOINTSTHERESPONDENTSWEREASKEDTOSHARETHEIRVIEWSOFECONOMICDEVELOPMENTINTHEDEFIANCEAREAAFTERADECADEOFLITTLEECONOMICGROWTHTHECHOICEOFAFACETOFACEQUALITATIVEINTERVIEWMETHODALLOWEDGREATER3EFFECTIVENESSINSORTINGOUTTHECOMPLEXISSUESOFECONOMICDEVELOPMENTANDCU
12、LTUREFIRSTANDFOREMOST,THEVOICEOFKEYECONOMICDECISIONMAKERSCANPROVIDEINSIGHTSINTOACOMPLEXSITUATIONWHICHARENOTOTHERWISEAVAILABLEASECONDREASONAQUALITATIVEAPPROACHWASSELECTEDISTHATAGENERALINDUCTIVEAPPROACHALLOWSRESEARCHFINDINGSTOEMERGEFROMTHEFREQUENT,DOMINANTORSIGNIFICANTTHEMESINHERENTINTHERAWDATACOLLECT
13、EDININTERVIEWSTHOMAS2003THISPROVIDESASYSTEMATICFRAMEWORKFORINVESTIGATINGTHECULTUREOFECONOMICDEVELOPMENTFROMTHEPERSPECTIVEOFTHEACTORSINVOLVEDINITATHIRDREASONFORSELECTINGAQUALITATIVEAPPROACHISTHATTHEINDEPTHINTERVIEWSPROVIDEASTRONGBASEBYWHICHTHETRIANGULATIONOFDATACANBEDRAWNUPONTOREVIEWTHETHEMESTHATEMER
14、GEWITHINTHEINTERVIEWDATATHEQUALITATIVEINTERVIEWPROCESSALLOWSFORMOREINDEPTH,INTENSIVEINTERVIEWSANDITANSWERSWHYANDHOWCOMEQUESTIONSITALSOALLOWSFORPROBINGATTITUDESANDBEHAVIORS,ANDREASONSFORCERTAINATTITUDESANDRESPONSESNEWMANANDBENZ1998FURTHER,THEQUALITATIVEINTERVIEWPROCESSYIELDSBETTERRESULTSWITHSENSITIVE
15、,OPENENDEDQUESTIONS,ANDMOREPRECISEANSWERSINANATURALINTERVIEWCONTEXTSHUY2002CHIRBANS1996RELATIONALINTERVIEWMETHODWASCHOSENTOFURTHERTHEINTERACTIONWITHTHEINTERVIEWEESTHISPROCESSALLOWSFORPREPARED,OPENENDEDQUESTIONSTOBEINTERWOVENINTHECONVERSATIONTOFACILITATEANDENHANCEADEEPERRELATIONSHIPBETWEENINTERVIEWER
16、ANDINTERVIEWEETHERELATIONALSTANCEALLOWSTHEINTERVIEWERTOBETTERUNDERSTANDTHEINTERVIEWEEANDTHEINFORMATIONPROVIDEDBYHIMORHERINTERVIEWEESWEREASKEDTODISCUSSCHANGESRELATEDTOECONOMICDEVELOPMENTTHEYHADOBSERVEDINDEFIANCECOUNTYOVERTIMETHESECHANGESINCLUDEDOBSERVATIONSOFTHEAVAILABLEWORKFORCE,WORKFORCEEDUCATIONAL
17、ATTAINMENT,EMPLOYMENTBYINDUSTRY,ANDMATCHINGOFEDUCATIONTRAININGLEVELSFROMAREAEDUCATIONALINSTITUTIONSWITHINDUSTRYNEEDSTHEINTERVIEWEESWEREALSOASKEDABOUTPROBLEMSENCOUNTEREDINRETAININGEXISTINGBUSINESS,ATTRACTINGNEWBUSINESS,TYPEOFBUSINESSES,ANDFACTORSWHICHPOSITIVELYORNEGATIVELYINFLUENCERETENTIONANDEXPANSI
18、ONALLINTERVIEWSWERETAPERECORDEDANDTRANSCRIBEDTRANSCRIPTSWEREANALYZEDINTERMSOFMAJORTHEMESABOUTTHECULTUREOFECONOMICDEVELOPMENTWHICHRECURREDINTHEINTERVIEWS4RESULTSDEMOGRAPHICANDECONOMICDATAWERECOMPILEDINORDERTOPROVIDEAPROFILEOFDEFIANCECOUNTYINTHE1990SIN2000,DEFIANCECOUNTYHADAPOPULATIONOF39,500ANDWASRAN
19、KED64INPOPULATIONAMONGOHIOS88COUNTIESUSCENSUSBUREAU2000ABETWEEN1990AND2000,DEFIANCECOUNTYGREWBY150PERSONS,APERCENTCHANGEOF04TABLE1BOTHRATESARETOBECOMPAREDWITHA46GROWTHRATEINTHESTATEASAWHOLEBETWEEN1990AND2000THISISMUCHLOWERTHANTHERATEOFGROWTHOFTHEUSFORTHISTIMEPERIOD132THEOHIODEPARTMENTOFDEVELOPMENTPR
20、OJECTSTHATTHEPOPULATIONOFDEFIANCECOUNTYWILLINCREASETO39,754BYTHEYEAR2015,GROWTHRATEOF06THETOTALSTATEPOPULATIONISPROJECTEDTOINCREASEFROM11,353,140TO11,588,000OR21BY2015ODOD2004TABLE2SHOWSCHARACTERISTICSOFTHEADULTLABORFORCEFORTHEUS,OHIO,ANDDEFIANCECOUNTYTHOSEBETWEENTHEAGESOF18AND64YEARSJUSTOVER60OFTHE
21、2000POPULATIONOFDEFIANCECOUNTYWASBETWEEN18AND64YEARSOLDTHISPROPORTIONISONPARWITHTHATOFTHEUS618ANDOHIO613THEELDERLYCOMPRISED129OFTHECOUNTYPOPULATIONIN20005,098AND,ALTHOUGHASLIGHTLYSMALLERPROPORTION129,THISISONPARWITHTHCSTATE1321,507,757ANDTHENATIONASAWHOLE12434,999,753USCENSUSBUREAU2000CTABLE3SHOWSED
22、UCATIONALATTAINMENTFORTHOSE25YEARSOROLDERINTHEUS,OHIO,ANDDEFIANCECOUNTYIN2000JUSTOVER80OFTHEUSPOPULATIONAGED25YEARSANDOLDERHASAHIGHSCHOOLDIPLOMAORHIGHERDEGREEOHIO83ANDDEFIANCECOUNTY847HADHIGHERPROPORTIONSOFTHOSEWITHAHIGHSCHOOLDIPLOMAIN2000ALTHOUGHTHEPROPORTIONSOFTHOSEWITHAHIGHSCHOOLDIPLOMAORHIGHERGR
23、EWBETWEEN1990AND2000,THEGAPBETWEENTHOSEWITHABACHELORSDEGREEORHIGHERINOHIOANDDEFIANCEWIDENEDBYOVER20PERCENTAGEPOINTSBETWEEN1990AND2000IN2000,OFTHOSEWHOWERE25YEARSOROLDER,INOHIO,211HADABACHELORSDEGREEORHIGHER,WHILEJUST142OFTHOSEINDEFIANCECOUNTYHADABACHELORSDEGREEORHIGHERFURTHERMORE,THEPROPORTIONOFTHOS
24、EWHOHADACOLLEGEDEGREEORMOREGREWBYONLY18,FROM125TO143OVERTHEDECADE,WHILEFORTHEENTIRESTATETHISPROPORTIONINCREASEDBYMORETHANDOUBLETHATRATE,41,ORFROM170TO211NOTABLEISTHEFACTTHATTHEGAPBETWEENTHEUSANDOHIOREMAINEDTHESAME33FROM19905AND2000IN2000,DEFIANCECOUNTYHADAHIGHSCHOOLDROPOUTRATEOF153OHIO170ANDIN1990,2
25、32OHIO243MOREOVER,DEFIANCECOUNTYHADLOWERPROPORTIONSOFHIGHSCHOOLDROPOUTSTHANBOTHTHESTATEANDTHEUSIN1990AND2000ALSO,THEPROPORTIONSOFTHOSEWHODROPPEDOUTOFHIGHSCHOOLDECREASEDBETWEEN1990AND2000INTHEUS,INOHIO,ANDINDEFIANCECOUNTYOVERTHE12YEARPERIOD,TOTALEMPLOYMENTINCREASEDINTHEUS,INOHIO,ANDINDEFIANCECOUNTYAC
26、CORDINGTOTHECENSUSBUREAU1990BANDTHEBUREAUOFECONOMICANALYSISBEA2004THEUSHADTHELARGESTPERCENTGROWTHINTOTALEMPLOYMENT,AAAOHIOHAD36GROWTHINTOTALEMPLOYMENTANDDEFIANCECOUNTYEMPLOYMENTGREWBY253BETWEEN1990AND2002SERVICESEMPLOYMENTALSOGREWINALLTHREEREGIONSSERVICESINCLUDESUCHINDUSTRIESASTRANSPORTATIONUTILITIE
27、S,WHOLESALEANDRETAILTRADE,FINANCE,INSURANCEANDREALESTATE,GOVERNMENT,ANDOTHERSERVICESSERVICESEMPLOYMENTINTHEUSGREWBYTHELARGESTPERCENTAGEOFTHETHREE338OHIOSERVICESEMPLOYMENTGREWBY299,ANDDEFIANCECOUNTYSERVICESEMPLOYMENTGREWBYJUST139OVERALL,MANUFACTURINGEMPLOYMENTDECLINEDBETWEEN1990AND2002MANUFACTURINGDE
28、CREASEDBYOVER1/5INTHEUS,INOHIO,ANDINDEFIANCECOUNTYTABLE5SHOWSMEDIANHOUSEHOLDINCOMEFORTHEUS,FOROHIO,ANDFORDEFIANCECOUNTYFOR1989AND1999USCENSUSBUREAU1990A2000BDEFIANCECOUNTYHADTHEHIGHESTLEVELSOFMEDIANINCOMEINBOTH198931,505AND199944,938THEMEDIANHOUSEHOLDINCOMEINTHEUNITEDSTATESIN1999WAS41,994198930,056I
29、NTHESTATEOFOHIO,THE1999MEDIANHOUSEHOLDINCOMEWAS40,956198928,706THESTATEOFOHIO,HOWEVER,HADTHELARGESTINCREASEINMEDIANHOUSEHOLDINCOMEBETWEEN1989AND1999,427THISWASSLIGHTLYLARGERTHANDEFIANCECOUNTYMEDIANHOUSEHOLDINCOMEGROWTH,426INTHEUSASAWHOLE,MEDIANHOUSEHOLDINCOMEGREWBY397OVERTHATDECADEDATAWEREALSOGATHER
30、EDININDEPTHINTERVIEWSWITHPEOPLEINVOLVEDINECONOMICDEVELOPMENTONDEFIANCECOUNTYFOURMAJORTHEMESEMERGEDFROMTHEINTERVIEWSFIRST,ALLRESPONDENTSWEREINVESTEDINTHEECONOMICSTRATEGYOFIMPROVEMENTOFTHEBUSINESSCLIMATE,WITHINCENTIVEBASEDECONOMICDEVELOPMENTASITSMAINFOCUSTHESECONDTHEMETOEMERGEWASAGENERALLYHELDPERCEPTI
31、ONAMONGTHEMOFALACKOF6“STATEVISION“INECONOMICDEVELOPMENTTHIRD,RESPONDENTSBYANDLARGEVIEWEDCOLLABORATIONBETWEENSTATEGOVERNMENTANDPRIVATEENTERPRISEASAMUCHNEEDEDBUTMISSINGELEMENTINECONOMICDEVELOPMENTINNORTHWESTOHIOFOURTH,THEPROCESSOFGLOBALIZATIONWASVIEWEDBYRESPONDENTSASAFORCETOBERECKONEDWITH,ONETHATHADDR
32、AMATICALLYAFFECTEDTHESOCIALANDECONOMICFABRICOFTHEIRCOMMUNITYMOSTOFTHOSEINTERVIEWEDWEREWEDDEDTOTHEIDEAOFINCENTIVEBASEDECONOMICDEVELOPMENTTHEYTHOUGHTTHATINCENTIVES,ORLACKTHEREOF,WERETHEDEFININGFACTORSINTHEABILITYORINABILITYTOATTRACTORRETAINBUSINESSINDEFIANCECOUNTYSEVERALINTERVIEWEESVOICEDTHEPERCEPTION
33、THATAMAJORINFRASTRUCTUREIMPROVEMENT,THEDEVELOPMENTOFTHE“FORTTOPORT“NAFTAHIGHWAY,WASNEEDEDASANATTRACTIONFORNEWBUSINESSUSROUTE24US24ISAMAJOREASTWESTHIGHWAYTHATTRAVERSESDEFIANCECOUNTYITISTHEMOSTDIRECTROUTEBETWEENFORTWAYNE,IN,ANDTOLEDO,OHBECAUSEOFTHISDIRECTLINK,US24HASBEENNICKNAMED“FORTTOPORT“THEOHIODEP
34、ARTMENTOFTRANSPORTATIONODOT,THEINDIANADEPARTMENTOFTRANSPORTATIONIDT,ANDTHEFEDERALHIGHWAYADMINISTRATIONFHWAAREPROPOSINGHIGHWAYIMPROVEMENTSTHEPLANWOULDINCLUDEIMPROVINGTRAFFICFLOW,LEVELOFSERVICE,ANDROADWAYSAFETY,ASWELLASIMPROVINGTHEREGIONALTRANSPORTATIONNETWORKTHEIMPROVEMENTSWOULDALSOENHANCEFUTUREECONO
35、MICGROWTHFORLOCALANDREGIONALBUSINESSESODOT1999ALLINTERVIEWEESVOICEDTHEOPINIONTHATTHEUSROUTE24TRANSPORTATIONPROGRAMWOULDMAKEACONSIDERABLECONTRIBUTIONTOTHEECONOMICDEVELOPMENTOFDEFIANCECOUNTYONERESPONDENTSAID,“LOCALLY,WEHADBETTERLUCKUMASYOUKNOW,USROUTE24ISINTHEPLANNINGSTAGESITHINKWEVEALREADYSEENSOMEINV
36、ESTIGATIONOFDEFIANCECOUNTYANDNORTHWESTOHIOFORFUTUREINVESTMENTBECAUSEOFTHISPARTOFTHENAFTANORTHAMERICAFREETRADEAGREEMENTHIGHWAYCOMINGINTOOURFUTURE“THERESPONDENTLATERSTATED,“ICANNOTUNDEREMPHASIZESICTHEIMPORTANCEOFUSROUTE24WHENTHATHIGHWAYGETSCOMPLETED,WEAREGOINGTOBESITTINGRIGHTINTHEMIDDLEOFTHEINDUSTRIAL
37、IZEDMIDWESTSITTINGINTHEMIDDLEOFCHICAGO,DETROIT,CLEVELAND,COLUMBUS,CINCINNATI,DAYTONEVENINDIANAPOLISANDITHINKTHATWEWILLDRAWANATURALLOOKFROMMANYDISTRIBUTIONCOMPANIESTHATWOULDNEEDTOBEIN7THECENTEROFTHOSECITIES“THOSEINTERVIEWEDALSOFELTTHATANOTHERELEMENTOFINFRASTRUCTURE,WORKFORCEDEVELOPMENT,WASANIMPORTANT
38、FACTORINECONOMICDEVELOPMENTOFTHECOUNTYTHEREWASAPERCEPTIONTHATTHOSEWITHMOREEDUCATIONWERELEAVINGORHADLEFTTHECOUNTYTHEREMAININGWORKFORCEWASLESSEDUCATEDANDNEEDEDDEVELOPMENTOFSKILLSTHEYFELTWORKFORCEDEVELOPMENTWASNECESSARYASABUSINESSRETENTIONSTRATEGYASWELLASTOBEMORECOMPETITIVEATATTRACTINGNEWBUSINESSESONER
39、ESPONDENTNOTED,“IWOULDHAVETOSEEASTUDYONTHISTOPROVEMYOPINION,BUTITWOULDAPPEARTOMEOURWORKFORCEHASTRANSITIONEDTOAYOUNGER,BUTPERHAPSLESSAFFLUENTTYPEOFWORKFORCE“ANOTHERSAID,“THESKILLSHAVENOTSTAYEDCURRENTWITHTODAYSTRENDSANDCONSEQUENTLYWEAREKINDAPLAYINGCATCHUPTOTHEAREAWHATSBEENTHEDETERRINGFACTOROFBRINGINGI
40、NINDUSTRYTOTHEAREAPEOPLEAREMOBILEWEDONTHAVEASMUCHTOOFFERWHENITCOMESTOBRINGINGINANENTIREWORKFORCE“ATHIRDINTERVIEWEEFELTTHESTATECOULDDOMORETOPROVIDETHESETYPESOFINCENTIVES“THEREAREMANYMOREPROGRAMSANDIDUSEOURPLANTOUTOFSTATEASANEXAMPLETHEREAREMOREPROGRAMSOFFEREDBYTHELOCALTRADESCHOOLSORTECHNICALSCHOOLSTHE
41、RETOTOHELPUS,UH,FINDEMPLOYEES,TRAINEMPLOYEESFORWHATOURNEEDSARE,ANDTHENGETTHEMINTOTHEWORKFORCE“THESECONDTHEMETOEMERGEWASTHATOFAGENERALPERCEPTIONTHATTHESTATEGOVERNMENTLACKED“VISION“INTERMSOFANEFFECTIVESTRATEGYFORECONOMICDEVELOPMENTWITHINTHEFRAMEWORKOFINCENTIVEBASEDECONOMICDEVELOPMENT,RESPONDENTSVIEWED
42、STATEGOVERNMENTASBEINGRESPONSIBLEFORPROVIDINGTHEMUCHNEEDEDINCENTIVESRESPONDENTSTHOUGHTTHATTHEREWASACONNECTIONBETWEENSTATEBUDGETPRIORITIESANDTHELACKOFECONOMICDEVELOPMENTINDEFIANCECOUNTYINTHE1990SFOREXAMPLE,ONEINTERVIEWEESAID,“ONEOFMYBIGGESTCONCERNSRIGHTHOWISTHESTATEVISIONANDSTATESTRATEGYTOWARDECONOMI
43、CDEVELOPMENT“ANOTHERCOMMENTEDTHATISSUESLIKE“FORTTOPORT“WERENOTVERYHIGHONTHEGOVERNORSAGENDADUETOTHELEANBUDGETSITUATIONANOTHERSTATED,“THEREAREBADBUDGETSHORTFALLSINTHESTATE,LESSECONOMICTOOLSIMCONCERNEDTHATTHEREARENTANYSTATESTRATEGIESFORECONOMICDEVELOPMENT“THEPERCEPTIONOFLACKOFVISIONOFSTATEGOVERNMENTINE
44、CONOMICDEVELOPMENTWAS8FURTHERREINFORCEDFORSEVERALRESPONDENTSBYTHEIRPERCEPTIONTHATBECAUSETHESTATEBUDGETWASSOTIGHTANDFUNDINGAVAILABLEFORECONOMICDEVELOPMENTHADBEENSODRASTICALLYREDUCED,THATEVENDISCUSSIONOFECONOMICDEVELOPMENTFUNDINGNEEDSWASBEINGSQUELCHEDBYSTATEOFFICIALSONERESPONDENTREPORTEDTHATWHENHEBROU
45、GHTUPTHEISSUEOF“FORTTOPORT“DEVELOPMENT,AREGIONALECONOMICLEADERDISCOURAGEDBRINGINGUPTHISISSUEINLARGERSTATESOCIALECONOMICSUMMITSANOTHERRESPONDENTTHOUGHTTHATTHEJOBTRAININGACTSQOBTRAININGPARTNERSHIPACTANDTHEWORKFORCEINVESTMENTACTWEREIDEALFORMANUFACTURINGCOMPANIESTORETRAINANDRETAINTHECOUNTYLABORFORCETOBE
46、GLOBALLYCOMPETITIVEHOWEVER,THISRESPONDENTALSONOTEDTHATTHESTATEBUDGETREDUCEDITSSUPPORTANDJOBTRAININGPROGRAMSHADBEENPUTONHOLDTHISINTERVIEWEEALSOREPORTEDTHATDISCUSSIONOFTHISTOPICHADALSOBEENDISCOURAGEDBYSTATEOFFICIALSATSOCIALNETWORKINGMEETINGSRESPONDENTSFELTTHATTHESTATESLACKOFVISIONINECONOMICDEVELOPMENT
47、WASALSOEVIDENCEDBYITSTAXATIONPOLICIESBECAUSEINDIVIDUALWEALTHINOHIOISTAXEDATAHIGHERRATERELATIVETOSURROUNDINGSTATES,INTERVIEWEESFELTTHATTHISPROVIDEDADISINCENTIVEFORBUSINESSTOLOCATEINTHESTATEANDINDEEDPOSEDPROBLEMSFORRETENTIONOFEXISTINGBUSINESSESINTHECOUNTYONERESPONDENTCITEDARECENTREPORTFROMTHEREGIONALG
48、ROWTHPARTNERSHIPRGP,APUBLICPRIVATE,NONPROFITDEVELOPMENTCORPORATIONTHATFOSTERSLOCAL,NATIONALANDINTERNATIONALECONOMICGROWTHOPPORTUNITIESFORTHECITYOFTOLEDOANDNORTHWESTOHIORGP2005,“THEREGIONALGROWTHPARTNERSHIPINTOLEDODIDASTUDYOFOHIOSTAXATION,BOTHFORBUSINESSPURPOSESANDPERSONALPURPOSESTHECONCLUSIONSWERETH
49、ATBECAUSEOFOHIOSINDIVIDUALTAXRATESTRUCTURE,OHIOISNOTAGOODPLACETOACCUMULATEWEALTHINANDIDOAGREETHATTHCSTATEOFOHIOINGENERALDISSUADESPEOPLEFROMLIVINGHEREUH,BECAUSEWETAXINDIVIDUALWEALTHATAHIGHERRATETHANMANYSTATES,ANDSOWESEEANOUTMIGRATIONTOSTATESSUCHASFLORIDAORARIZONAORSTATESTHATDONOTHAVETHEINDIVIDUALTAXTHATWEHAVE“THETHIRDTHEMEWASTHENEEDFORCOLLABORATIONBETWEENSTATEANDLOCALGOVERNMENTSANDPRIVATEBUSINESSESASATOOLFOREFFECTIVEECONOMICDEVELOPMENTASONERESPONDENTSIMPLYPUTIT,“INTERGOVERNMENTALCOOPERATIONISTHEBESTWAYTO9DEVELOPMENT“ADDITIONALLY,SEVERALINTERVIEWEESMENTIONEDTHEREWASNOTACLEARWAY
