1、本科毕业论文外文翻译THETRANSFORMATIONOFTHEAGRICULTURALPOPULATIONANDTHEURBANISATIONPROCESSINCHINAZHANGWENXIANJIANGXIAORONGCHINAHASAPOPULATIONOFOVERONEBILLIONPOPULATION,800MILLIONOFWHOMAREFARMERSITISBECAUSEOFTHISTHATCHINANEEDSTOBEBUILTINTOASOCIALISTCOUNTRYWITHITSOWNCHARACTERISTICSTHEREISANOLDCHINESESAYING“AFEST
2、IVALWILLBEBETTERWITHFEWERPEOPLE,BUTFARMINGBETTERWITHMOREHANDS“DUETOTHEPRESENTCONDITIONOFMOREPEOPLEBUTLESSFARMLAND,HOWEVER,MOREHANDSMAYNOTNECESSARILYBENEFITFARMINGIFFIVEPEOPLEFARMLANDJUSTENOUGHFORTHREE,NATURALLY,PRODUCTIVITYDECREASESINTHECOURSEOFTHEMODERNISATIONOFAGRICULTURE,MOREANDMORELABOURWILLBEIN
3、CREASINGLYREPLACEDBYMACHINESGREATCHANGESHAVETAKENPLACEINTHESECONDBRIGADEOFTHEFIFTHBRANCHOFTHENATIONALFRIENDSHIPFARMINHEILONGJIANGPROVINCESINCENEWAGRICULTURALMACHINERYWASADOPTEDIN1978INITIALLYTHEREWERE236FARMERSAND15,000MUONEMU0067HECTAREOFCULTIVATEDLANDSINCENEWMACHINESWEREINTRODUCED,FARMLANDHASEXPAN
4、DEDTO19,400MU,BUTONLY20FARMERSARENEEDEDTHATISTOSAY,THEAREAOFFARMLANDPERFARMERHASINCREASEDFROM63MUTO971MUASARESULT,NEARLY300LABOURERSHAVEBEENFREEDFROMFARMING,SOMEOFWHOMWENTTORECLAIMWASTELAND,ANDTHEOTHERSTOWORKONWATERCONSERVATIONPROJECTSFACEDWITHTHENEEDTOMODERNISEAGRICULTURE,WECANNEITHERUSELARGENUMBER
5、SOFMACHINESTOPUSHASIDELABOUR,NORSLOWDOWNTHEPACEOFMODERNISATIONBECAUSEOFTHELARGEPOPULATIONTHISISTHEPOPULATIONPROBLEMASSOCIATEDWITHAGRICULTURALMODERNISATIONINCHINA,80PERCENTOFNEWLABOURERSAREANNUALLYPROVIDEDWITHJOBSINTHECOUNTRYSIDEHOWEVER,ONLYINCOMBINATIONWITHTHEMEANSOFPRODUCTIONCANLABOURERSREALISETHEI
6、RPRODUCTIVECAPACITYSOTHEFIRSTCONTRADICTIONWEFACEISTHATOFMOREPEOPLEFARMINGLESSLANDBETWEEN1952AND1978,THEAGRICULTURALLABOURFORCEINCREASEDBY73PERCENT,BUTTHEFARMLANDIN1977DECREASEDBYEIGHTPERCENTTHEAVERAGEFARMLANDPERLABOURERISNOWONLYFIVEMUTHEREFORE,ITISDIFFICULTTOINCREASEPRODUCTIVITYWITHMOREANDMORELABOUR
7、ERSWORKINGONLESSANDLESSFARMLANDANOTHERCONTRADICTIONISTHATOFTHELARGEPOPULATIONWITHTHEMECHANISATIONOFAGRICULTURESINCELIBERATION,CHINAHASINTRODUCEDMOREFARMMACHINES,INCLUDINGMORETHAN600,000LARGEANDMEDIUMSIZEDTRACTORSTHETOTALPOWEROFAGRICULTURALMACHINERYHASINCREASEDFROM165MILLIONHORSEPOWERIN1957TO180MILLI
8、ONHORSEPOWERATPRESENTSINCEAGRICULTURALMACHINERYANDTHEAGRICULTURALLABOURFORCEINCREASEDSIMULTANEOUSLY,THERESULTHASBEENTHATEITHERTHEMANPOWERORMACHINESWERETHENLEFTUNUSEDALTERNATIVELY,NEITHERMACHINESNORMANPOWERWEREEFFICIENTLYUSEDTHETHIRDCONTRADICTIONISBETWEENPOPULATIONGROWTHANDTHEIMPROVEMENTOFPOPULATIONQ
9、UALITYSINCELIBERATION,GRAINOUTPUTHASINCREASEDCONTINUOUSLYASWELLASTHEINCOMEINTHECOUNTRYSIDEHOWEVER,ASMOSTOFTHEINCREASEDWEALTHWASCONSUMEDBYTHENEWINCREASESINPOPULATION,THEDEVELOPMENTOFTHEAGRICULTURALECONOMYANDOTHERUNDERTAKINGSHASBEENSERIOUSLYRETARDEDTHESTATEANDTHECOLLECTIVETHENHAVEHADNOMEANS,FINANCIALO
10、ROTHERWISE,TODEVELOPCULTUREANDEDUCATIONINTHECOUNTRYSIDETHUS,LABOURERSCOULDNOTGETENOUGHEDUCATION,ANDFURTHERTRAININGFORFARMERSALSOBECAMEIMPOSSIBLEMOREOVER,THEREWERENOTENOUGHTRAINEDPEOPLETOSPREADNEWAGRICULTURALTECHNOLOGYANDSCIENTIFICMETHODSOFFARMINGTHISPROBLEMWILLCERTAINLYBECOMEMORESERIOUSINTHECOURSEOF
11、MODERNISINGCHINESEAGRICULTURETHEESSENTIALWAYTODEVELOPCHINASAGRICULTUREISTOCARRYOUTMODERNISATION,WHICHIMPLIESTHATTHEDIVISIONOFWORKBEMORESPECIALISED,THETECHNOLOGYMOREADVANCED,ANDNEWBRANCHESOFWORKMOREDEVELOPEDALLOFTHESEAREPREREQUISITESFORINCREASEDEMPLOYMENTANDTHETRANSFORMATIONOFAGRICULTURALLABOURTHEAIM
12、SOFTHEMODERNISATIONARETOEQUIPAGRICULTUREWITHMODERNSCIENTIFICTECHNOLOGYANDMODERNINDUSTRY,TOUSEMODERNECONOMICMANAGEMENT,ANDTORAISETHEUTILISATIONRATIOANDTHEPRODUCTIVITYOFLANDANDLABOURTHEMODERNISATIONOFAGRICULTUREMAYBASICALLYBEDIVIDEDINTOTWOCATEGORIESONEISTHEMODERNISATIONOFTHETOOLSOFPRODUCTION,IEMECHANI
13、SATIONOFAGRICULTURETHEOTHERISADVANCESINTHEFIELDOFBIOCHEMICALTECHNOLOGY,SUCHASTHEIMPROVEMENTOFCONDITIONSANDTECHNIQUESOFPRODUCTIONMODERNISATIONSHOULDBEACCOMPLISHEDSTEPBYSTEPFIRST,WESHOULDSUBSTITUTEAGRICULTURALMACHINERYFORHEAVYMANUALLABOURTOFREEFARMERSFROMTRADITIONALMODESPRACTISEDFORHUNDREDSOFYEARSTHIS
14、WOULDMEANTRANSPLANTINGRICESHOOTSWITHOUTBENDINGOVER,ANDCARRYINGLOADSWITHOUTUSINGSHOULDERSSECOND,WESHOULDUSEMACHINERYTOINCREASEEFFICIENCY,ESPECIALLYINTHEBUSYSEASONSTHIRD,WESHOULDRELYONMACHINERYTOPROMOTETHESPECIALISATIONANDSOCIALISATIONOFAGRICULTURALPRODUCTIONTHEREFORE,WESHOULDNOTSETAGRICULTURALMECHANI
15、SATIONAGAINSTRURALEMPLOYMENT,THUSSLOWINGDOWNTHEPACEOFAGRICULTURALMECHANISATIONRATHER,IFWECANSETTLETHEPROBLEMPROPERLY,MECHANISATIONSHOULDNOTMAKETHINGSWORSEFORSURPLUSRURALLABOURINSTEAD,ITCANPROMOTETHETRANSFORMATIONOFTHELATTER,BYDEVELOPINGAGRICULTURALINDUSTRYANDTRADESRELATEDTOMACHINERYMAINTENANCEWHATCO
16、UNTSISTHATNEITHERWORKERSNORMACHINESLIEIDLEASREGARDSAGRICULTURE,THEPROGRESSOFBIOCHEMICALTECHNOLOGYISOFMOREIMPORTANCETHANTHATOFMECHANISATIONTHEPROCESSOFTHEDEVELOPMENTOFOTHERCOUNTRIESFALLSROUGHLYINTOTHREETYPESLABOURINTENSIVE,CAPITALINTENSIVEANDTECHNOLOGYINTENSIVEMOSTOFTHEDEVELOPEDCOUNTRIESAREOFTHECAPIT
17、ALINTENSIVETYPETHISISBECAUSETHEAVERAGEAREAOFFARMLANDPERFARMERBEFOREAGRICULTURALMECHANISATIONWASLARGERTHANINCHINA,ANDTHEDEVELOPMENTOFLARGESCALEINDUSTRYINTHESECOUNTRIESDEMANDEDALARGELABOURFORCECONSEQUENTLY,THESECOUNTRIESTOOKTHEROADOFCAPITALINTENSIVEAGRICULTURE,WHICHRELIEDONMECHANISATIONTOSAVELABOURITI
18、SEVIDENTTHATTHEAIMOFAGRICULTURALMODERNISATIONINCHINAISNOTCHIEFLYTOSAVELABOURATPRESENT,WESHOULDNOTINVESTINLARGEQUANTITIESOFMACHINESTOREPLACELABOURWESHOULDADOPTADVANCEDTECHNOLOGYTOREPLACELAND,ANDFULLYDEVELOPBIOCHEMICALTECHNIQUESTHUSWECANMAKETHEMOSTOFTECHNICALADVANCES,ABSORBAPPROPRIATEAMOUNTSOFLABOUR,A
19、NDTRYTOINCREASESIGNIFICANTLYTHEYIELDPERUNITAREAINFACT,EVENCOUNTRIESSHORTOFMANPOWERALSOPAIDGREATATTENTIONTOTHEAPPLICATIONOFBIOCHEMICALTECHNOLOGYINTHECOURSEOFAGRICULTURALMECHANISATIONWECANSEE,FROMTHEHISTORYOFAGRICULTURALDEVELOPMENTAROUNDTHEWORLD,THATSHARPINCREASESINTOTALAGRICULTURALOUTPUTAREALMOSTALWA
20、YSRELATEDTOTHEADVANCEOFBIOCHEMICALTECHNOLOGYSTARTINGAROUND1850,THEUNITEDSTATESHASGRADUALLYBECOMESEMIMECHANISEDANDTHENMECHANISED,ANDITSFARMLANDHASEXPANDEDENORMOUSLYONEHUNDREDANDTENYEARSLATER,IN1960,THETOTALGRAINOUTPUTHASINCREASEDBY352TIMESHOWEVER,THEOUTPUTPERUNITAREADECREASEDUNTILTHE1930SWHENTHEUSBEG
21、ANTOPOPULARISEHYBRIDPLANTVARIETIESANDTOUSECHEMICALFERTILISERMEXICOSERVESASANOTHEREXAMPLEBECAUSEMEXICOSUCCESSFULLYBREDMANYSHORTSTEMMED,DISEASERESISTANTANDHIGHYIELDWHEATVARIETIES,ITSOUTPUTPERUNITAREAINCREASEDFOURFOLDFROM1949TO1976THUS,MEXICOHASTURNEDINTOAGRAINEXPORTINGFROMAGRAINIMPORTINGCOUNTRYOVERTHE
22、LASTTWOTOTHREEDECADESCHINAPRESENTSASIMILARCASEINTHEPASTTHREEYEARS,THEPRODUCTIONOFRAPEHASINCREASEDASARESULTOFSPREADINGEARLYRIPENING,HIGHYIELDINGANDDISEASERESISTANTWILDCABBAGETYPERAPETHETOTALOUTPUTOFRAPEIN1980INCREASEDBY28PERCENTOVER1978,WHICHPUTANENDTOCHINASIMPORTSOFVEGETABLEOILFROMTHEABOVE,ITISPREDI
23、CTEDTHATTHEGREENREVOLUTIONCENTREDONIMPROVEDVARIETIESOFSEEDSWILLHAVESPREADTHROUGHOUTTHEWORLDBYTHEYEAR2000FROMTHENON,WORKONBREEDINGSEEDSANDCONTROLLINGTHEBIOENVIRONMENTWILLBRINGABOUTANOTHERNEWAGRICULTURALREVOLUTIONITISCLEARTHATBIOCHEMICALTECHNOLOGYHASAGREATEFFECTONTHEMODERNISATIONOFAGRICULTUREWESHOULDN
24、OT,HOWEVER,IGNOREMECHANISATIONINAGRICULTURALMODERNISATIONJUSTBECAUSEOFBIOCHEMICALTECHNOLOGYONTHECONTRARY,INCERTAINSPARSELYPOPULATEDAREAS,AGRICULTURALMECHANISATIONSHOULDBECARRIEDOUTFIRSTALTHOUGHINGENERALCHINAISDENSELYPOPULATED,EVENINTHEDENSELYPOPULATEDAREAS,MACHINESSHOULDGRADUALLYBESUBSTITUTEDFORMANU
25、ALLABOURTOCONCLUDE,INACCORDANCEWITHTHECONDITIONSOFCHINA,THEMODERNISATIONOFAGRICULTURESHOULDRELYMAINLYONTHEMODERNISATIONOFBIOCHEMICALTECHNOLOGY,ANDSECONDARILYONMECHANISATIONINADDITION,INTENSIVEANDMETICULOUSFARMING,ANDSPREADINGSCIENTIFICMETHODS,ARENEEDEDSOASTOCHANGEPROGRESSIVELYFROMLABOURINTENSIVETOTE
26、CHNOLOGYINTENSIVEPRODUCTIONINTHISWAY,WECANACHIEVETHETRANSFORMATIONOFFARMLABOUR,MAKEFULLUSEOFAGRICULTURALSURPLUSLABOURANDCONTINUOUSLYRAISEAGRICULTURALLABOURPRODUCTIVITYTHEINEVITABILITYOFTHETRANSFORMATIONOFTHEAGRICULTURALPOPULATIONTHETRANSFORMATIONOFTHEAGRICULTURALPOPULATIONISDEFINEDASTHESHIFTOFTHEAGR
27、ICULTURALPOPULATIONFROMAGRICULTURALTONONAGRICULTURALSECTORSINALLECONOMICBRANCHES,THELARGERTHEAGRICULTURALPOPULATION,THELOWERTHEAGRICULTURALLABOURPRODUCTIVITYLENINPOINTEDOUT,WHENANALYSINGTHEDEVELOPMENTOFTHECAPITALISTSYSTEMINRUSSIA,THATTHEPOPULATIONINUNDERDEVELOPEDCOUNTRIESISALMOSTALLAGRICULTURAL,WHIC
28、H,OFCOURSE,DOESNOTMEANTHATTHOSEPEOPLEONLYWORKONFARMING,SINCETHEYCANPROCESSTHEIRAGRICULTURALPRODUCTSBYTHEMSELVESHEALSOPOINTEDOUTTHATTHEDEVELOPMENTOFACOMMODITYECONOMYITSELFIMPLIESTHATMOREANDMOREPEOPLELEAVEAGRICULTUREINOTHERWORDS,ITMEANSTHATTHEINDUSTRIALPOPULATIONINCREASESWHILETHEAGRICULTURALONEDECREAS
29、ESTHEDECREASEOFANAGRICULTURALPOPULATIONISAHISTORICALTENDENCYATPRESENT,INSUCHCOUNTRIESASTHEUNITEDSTATES,CANADA,BRITAINANDFRANCE,THEAGRICULTURALPOPULATIONACCOUNTSFORNOTMORETHANFIVEPERCENTOFTHETOTALPOPULATIONOFTHECOUNTRYTHEUNITEDSTATESNOWHASSEVENMILLIONFARMERS,MAKINGUP36PERCENTOFTHETOTALPOPULATIONMORET
30、HAN100YEARSAGO,ONEFARMERINTHEUNITEDSTATESCOULDONLYSUPPORTFIVEPEOPLEBY1976,ONEFARMERWASABLETOSUPPORT56PEOPLEINCANADA,PEOPLEDIRECTLYENGAGEDINFARMINGANDANIMALHUSBANDRYARELESSTHAN500,000,ONLYACCOUNTINGFOR23PERCENTOFTHETOTALPOPULATIONSO,ONAVERAGE,EACHAGRICULTURALLABOURERFARMS3,000MUANDPRODUCES100,000KGYI
31、ELDOFWHEAT,WHICHIS100TIMESASMUCHASTHEYIELDOFWHEATPERLABOURERINCHINATHEPROGRESSOFMODERNISATIONOFAGRICULTUREINTHESECOUNTRIESWASACCOMPANIEDBYTHETRANSFEROFTHEAGRICULTURALPOPULATIONFROMTHELATEEIGHTEENTHCENTURYTOTHEBEGINNINGOFTHETWENTIETH,MOSTOFTHEPOPULATIONINTHEUNITEDSTATESLIVEDINTHECOUNTRYWORKINGASFARME
32、RSIN1780,973PERCENTOFTHETOTALPOPULATIONWASRURAL,WHICHLASTEDUNTIL1860,WHENTHERURALPOPULATIONSTILLACCOUNTEDFOR839PERCENTOFTHETOTALTHISISSIMILARTOCHINASPRESENTPROPORTIONOFURBANANDRURALPOPULATIONSHOWEVER,THESIZEOFTHEAGRICULTURALANDNONAGRICULTURALPOPULATIONSWERESIMILARATTHATTIMETHEFORMERWASSIXMILLION,589
33、PERCENTOFTHETOTALLABOURFORCE,WHILETHELATTERWAS433MILLION,411PERCENTFROM1910TO1920INTHEUNITEDSTATES,WITHTHERAPIDDEVELOPMENTOFHEAVYINDUSTRYANDTHETRANSITIONFROMNONMONOPOLYCAPITALISMTOMONOPOLYCAPITALISM,SEMIMECHANISEDAGRICULTUREBEGANTOCHANGETOMECHANISATION,ANDALARGENUMBEROFTHEAGRICULTURALPOPULATIONBEGAN
34、TOTRANSFERTONONAGRICULTURALSECTORSBOTHINURBANANDRURALAREASITTOOKLESSTHAN200YEARSFORTHEUNITEDSTATESTOREDUCEITSAGRICULTURALPOPULATIONTOITSPRESENTPROPORTIONTHETRANSFERANDDECREASEOFTHEAGRICULTURALPOPULATIONISNOTANEGATIVE,SPONTANEOUSANDPASSIVEPROCESSTHEMOREQUICKLYTHEPROCESSGOES,THEQUICKERTHEMECHANISATION
35、ANDMODERNISATIONOFAGRICULTUREWILLBEINADDITION,THETRANSFERANDDECREASEOFTHEAGRICULTURALPOPULATIONISOFIMPORTANCETOTHEGRADUALREDUCTIONOFTHEDISTINCTIONSBETWEENTOWNANDCOUNTRY,INDUSTRYANDAGRICULTURE,ANDMENTALANDMANUALWORKTHEREFORE,WEMUSTSTUDYTHEINHERENTNATUREOFTHETRANSFEROFTHEAGRICULTURALPOPULATION,ANDTHEV
36、ARIOUSWAYSTODEALWITHTHESITUATIONSOTHATWECANSPEEDUPMODERNISATIONTHEBACKGROUNDANDEFFICIENTCAUSESOFTHEMODERNISATIONOFAGRICULTUREINCHINAARETOTALLYDIFFERENTFROMTHOSEINDEVELOPEDCOUNTRIESASTHECONTRADICTIONTHEYFACEDTHENWASBETWEENEXPANDINGFARMLANDANDASHORTAGEOFMANPOWER,THEYFOUNDTHEIRWAYOUTINMECHANISATIONWHIC
37、HCOULDSAVEMANPOWERINCONTRAST,THEPROBLEMTHATCHINAFECESISDENSEPOPULATIONCONSEQUENTLY,SURPLUSAGRICULTURALLABOURFORTHISREASON,CHINAHASTODETERMINEITSOWNMAJOROBJECTIVESFORTHEMODERNISATIONOFAGRICULTUREANDTODECIDETOMECHANISETOBRINGABOUTTHETRANSFEROFTHEAGRICULTURALPOPULATIONFIRST,INCARRYINGOUTTHEMODERNISATIO
38、NOFAGRICULTURE,WHATISTHESOLUTIONTOTHELARGEAMOUNTOFLABOURFREEDBYTHEINCREASEINPRODUCTIVITY,MIGRATINGTOTHECITIESORREMAININGINTHECOUNTRYTHISPROBLEMSHOULDBEANALYSEDINTHELIGHTOFCHINASPRESENTSITUATIONCURRENTLY,CITYEMPLOYMENTCAPACITYINCHINAISBEYONDSATURATIONPOINTTHEREARESTILLMILLIONSOFPEOPLEINCITIESWAITINGF
39、OREMPLOYMENTIFTHESURPLUSLABOURINTHECOUNTRYPOURSINTOTHECITIES,THENMANYPROBLEMSWILLAPPEARSOTHEONLYSOLUTIONFORTHISSURPLUSLABOURISTOALLOWITTOREMAININTHECOUNTRYANDBEABSORBEDONTHESPOT,THATISTOSAY,LEAVINGAGRICULTURETOWORKINLOCAL,RURALFACTORIES,ANDALLOWINGFARMERSTOBECOMEWORKERSRECENTPRACTICEHASPROVEDTHATSUC
40、HVILLAGEANDSMALLTOWNENTERPRISESHAVESUPPORTEDFARMMECHANISATION,PROCESSEDAGRICULTURALPRODUCTS,MINEDONASMALLSCALE,PRODUCEDBUILDINGMATERIALS,SERVEDBIGINDUSTRYANDTHEEXPORTTRADE,ANDPRODUCEDVARIOUSSMALLCOMMODITIESTOSUPPLYURBANANDRURALMARKETSTHESEENTERPRISESCANRECRUITLARGENUMBERSOFRURALSURPLUSLABOURANDHAVEB
41、ROADPROSPECTSSOINTHELIGHTOFCHINASACTUALCONDITIONS,OURWAYISTOMOVEMANYKINDSOFTRADESININDUSTRY,COMMERCE,THETRANSPORTSERVICE,ANDTHEBUILDINGINDUSTRYTOTHECOUNTRYRATHERTHANMOVETHEAGRICULTURALPOPULATIONTOCITIES,WHICHISTHECOMMONESTWAYTHERESTOFTHEWORLDTRANSFERSAGRICULTURALPOPULATIONSTONONAGRICULTURALSECTORSSE
42、COND,INTHETRANSFEROFTHEAGRICULTURALPOPULATION,WESHOULDPERSISTINUSINGLOCALMATERIALSANDGIVINGFULLPLAYTOLOCALADVANTAGESTHEINDUSTRIALPRODUCTSWHICHCANBEMADEINDIVIDUALLYINTHECOUNTRYSHOULDBESPREADTOTHECOUNTRYASMUCHASPOSSIBLEASLONGASTHEREARERAWMATERIALS,MARKETSANDPRODUCTIONCONDITIONS,PROCESSINGCANBEDONEINTH
43、ECOUNTRYFOREXAMPLE,INCOTTONGROWINGAREAS,WECANGRADUALLYEXPANDCOTTONMILLSINSUGARCANEGROWINGAREAS,SUGARMILLSINTHISWAY,WECANAVOIDLONGDISTANCETRANSPORTOFRAWMATERIALSANDPRODUCTSBACKANDFORTHFRANCEHASRUNSUGARMILLSINTHEBEETGROWINGAREASWITHEACHMILLSERVINGARADIUSOF17KMAUSTRALIAHASCONNECTEDTHESUGARCANEHARVESTIN
44、G,TRANSPORTINGANDPRESSINGTOAWHOLEPROCESSONLYEIGHTHOURSAFTERHARVESTING,SUGARCANECANBETRANSPORTEDTOTHEFACTORYBUTINCHINAATPRESENT,THEDISTRIBUTIONOFPRODUCTIVEFORCESISIRRATIONALFOREXAMPLE,BEETGROWINGAREASAREFARFROMSUGARMILLSTHEHARVESTISGATHEREDBYHANDBEETSARECARRIEDTOMILLSBYCARRIAGESAFTERTHEIRLEAVESAREREM
45、OVEDASARESULT,MUCHISDAMAGEDBYFROST,THEWASTAGEISGREAT,ANDTHERATEOFSUGARPRODUCTIONISLOWIFWEHAVEMOREENTERPRISESRUNJOINTLYBYAGRICULTURE,INDUSTRYANDBUSINESS,NOTONLYCANSURPLUSAGRICULTURALLABOURBEDRAWNON,BUTALSOWECANGREATLYRAISEPRODUCTIVITYANDDEVELOPCOMMODITYPRODUCTIONTHIRD,WESHOULDDEVELOPLABOURINTENSIVEIN
46、DUSTRIESINTHECOUNTRY,SUCHASTEXTILES,WEAVING,CLOTHING,METALPRODUCTS,COMMONMACHINERY,BUILDINGANDTRANSPORTATIONSERVICESTHESEMEDIUMORSMALLENTERPRISESCANABSORBSURPLUSAGRICULTURALLABOUR,ESPECIALLYFEMALEWECANALSOBRINGTHEADVANTAGEOFMORELABOURINTOFULLPLAYTOEXPORTBOTHINEXPENSIVEANDHIGHQUALITYPRODUCTSTOGAINFOR
47、EIGNEXCHANGEACCORDINGTOTHEIROWNSPECIFICCONDITIONS,VILLAGESANDTOWNSINTHECOUNTRYCANENGAGEINPLANTING,BREEDING,PROCESSING,MINING,ANDSOONDEVELOPINGTHEPRODUCTIONOFFUEL,POWERANDRAWMATERIALSISPARTICULARLYIMPORTANTTHUSWECANWORKSMALLIRONMINES,SMALLCOALMINES,SMALLELECTRICPOWERSTATIONS,SMALLCEMENTWORKS,ANDMAKEF
48、ULLUSEOFWINDPOWERANDMARSHGASFINALLY,THETRANSFORMATIONOFTHEAGRICULTURALPOPULATIONSHOULDINCLUDEINTERVALDIVERSIFICATIONWESHOULDMAKEFULLUSEOFAGRICULTURALWORKERSTODEVELOPADIVERSIFIEDECONOMYINCLUDINGFARMING,FORESTRY,STOCKRAISING,FISHERIESANDSIDELINESMOREOVER,WECANENGAGEININTENSIVEANDMETICULOUSFARMINGTORAI
49、SETHEOUTPUTPERUNITAREA,DEVELOPTHEAGRICULTURALCHEMICALINDUSTRY,SPREADIMPROVEDPLANTVARIETIES,OPENUPWASTELAND,GROWMOREECONOMICPLANTS,BUILDIRRIGATIONWORKS,INCREASETRADESERVICEITEMS,ANDSOONINORDERTOFACILITATETHETRANSFEROFTHEAGRICULTURALPOPULATION,WEMUSTCREATECONDITIONSTOENHANCEITSQUALITYEDUCATIONANDTRAININGARENEEDEDTOPREVENT“STRUCTURALUNEMPLOYMENT“,IEONTHEONEHAND,THEREISASURPLUSUNSKILLEDFARMINGPOPULATION,WHILEONTHEOTHER,THEREISASHORTAGEOFSKILLEDTECHNICIANSTHECAUSEOFSURPLUSAGRICULTURALLABOURSURPLUSAGRICULTURALLABOURGENERALLYTAKESTWOFORMSONEISLONGTERMORABSOLUTESURPLUSINOTHERWORDS,THESUPPLYOFLABO
