1、本科毕业论文外文翻译出处INTERNATIONALJOURNALOFSOCIALECONOMICS作者DEWANGSOCIOECONOMICCHARACTERISTICSOFRURALURBANIZATIONINSOUTHERNJIANGSU,CHINADEWANGABSTRACTRURALURBANIZATIONINCHINAHASBEENDISCUSSEDBYMANYSCHOLARSSINCETHE1980SINTHISPAPER,WUXIANDJIANGYIN,TWOCOUNTIESINCHINASMOSTDEVELOPEDAREAOFSOUTHERNJIANGSU,WERESELECT
2、EDASTARGETAREASFOURCHARACTERISTICSOFRURALURBANIZATION,NAMELY,MULTILEVELTRANSFEROFRURALPOPULATIONINTOURBANPOPULATIONDISPERSEDSPATIALPATTERNURBANIZATIONLAGGINGBEHINDINDUSTRIALDEVELOPMENTANDIMPORTANTROLEOFTOWNSINRURALURBANIZATION,WEREANALYZEDTHROUGHANANALYSISOFTHESOCIOECONOMICDEVELOPMENTOFWUXIANDJIANGY
3、IN,THREETRENDSINFUTUREDEVELOPMENTOFRURALURBANIZATIONCANBEPREDICTEDRURALPOPULATIONWILLCONTINUETOPROGRESSFROMLOWERTOHIGHERLEVELANDFROMINCOMPLETETOCOMPLETEFORMSMALLTOWNSWILLCONTINUETODEVELOPRAPIDLYANDDIFFERENTIALLYANDRURALMIGRANTSINREGIONALCITIESWILLGRADUALLYINCREASEKEYWORDSCHINARURALECONOMYURBANECONOM
4、Y1INTRODUCTIONRURALURBANIZATIONINCHINAHASBEENDISCUSSEDHOTLYBYMANYSCHOLARSAFTERTHE1980SWILLIAM1990HASREVIEWEDMOSTSTUDIESDEALINGWITHTHEBROADERSUBJECTOFRURALURBANIZATIONINCLUDINGRURALINDUSTRYTHEMAINFULLLENGTHWORKSTHATEMERGEDFROMTHISPERIODWERECHANG1990,GRIFFIN1984,YAOANDWU1988ANDYEH1995DESPITETHECONSIDE
5、RABLEVOLUMEOFPASTANDONGOINGRESEARCHONRURALURBANIZATION,UNTILRECENTLYFEWSTUDIESHADCONCENTRATEDSPECIFICALLYONTHEMICROSCALERURALURBANIZATIONPROCESSTHEPROCESSOFRURALURBANIZATIONCANBEGENERALLYUNDERSTOODASTHETRANSFORMATIONOFARURALAREAINTOANURBANONEITSMAINIDEAISTRANSFERRINGTHEPOPULATIONSSTATUSFROMARURALINT
6、OANURBANONETHEMOTIVEPOWEROFURBANIZATIONCANBEDIVIDEDINTOTWOTYPESONECOMESFROMCITIES,ORRATHER,FROMTHEDIFFUSIONOFURBANINDUSTRYTOOUTSIDEAREASANDTHECONSTRUCTIONOFSTATEOWNEDENTERPRISESANDKEYPROJECTSINTHISCASE,THEMOTIVATINGPOWERCOMESFROMABOVE,ANDTHEPROCESSOFURBANIZATIONISCHARACTERIZEDBYADEVELOPMENTFROMTHETO
7、PDOWNTHEOTHERTYPEOFPOWERSTEMSFROMTHECOUNTRYSIDE,IETHESOCIOECONOMICDEVELOPMENTOFRURALAREAS,ANDITSLOCALINDUSTRY1THISPROCESSCOMESFROMTHEBOTTOM,REPRESENTEDBYGRADUALDEVELOPMENTINTHECOURSEOFRURALURBANIZATION,THEAGRICULTURALNATUREOFTHEREGIONISDECLINING,BEINGREPLACEDBYURBANFEATURESUNTILGRADUALLYTURNINGINTOA
8、NURBANAREATHISPAPERAIMSTOPROVIDEABETTERUNDERSTANDINGOFTHEPRESENTPROCESSOFRURALURBANIZATIONTAKINGPLACEINWUXIANDJIANGYIN,TWOCOUNTIESINCHINASMOSTDEVELOPEDAREAOFSOUTHERNJIANGSUPROVINCESPECIFICALLY,ITTRIESTODEFINETHEMICROSOCIOECONOMICCHARACTERISTICSOFONGOINGRURALURBANIZATION2CHARACTERISTICSOFRURALURBANIZ
9、ATIONINWUXIANDJIANGYINTHERURALURBANIZATIONPROCESSCANBETRACEDBACKTOTHE1960S,WHENTHEPEOPLESCOMMUNESBEGANBUILDINGFACTORIESTOSUPPORTTHEIRAGRICULTURALACTIVITIESASAGRICULTURALPRODUCTIVITYINCREASED,DUETOTHERESTRICTIONOFRURALURBANMIGRATION,ASURPLUSLABORFORCEWASFORMEDINTHERURALAREASRURALINDUSTRIESEMERGEDTOEM
10、PLOYTHISSURPLUSLABORINTHECOUNTRYSIDE,ANDRURALINDUSTRIALIZATIONANDURBANIZATIONTHUSBEGANTHEPROCESSSTARTEDSLOWLYITACCELERATEDWITHTHECOMMENCEMENTOFREFORMSANDTHEOPENDOORPOLICYIN1979BY1996,RURALINDUSTRIESWEREALREADYPRODUCINGOVER95PERCENTOFTHEGROSSVALUEOFTHEINDUSTRIALANDAGRICULTURALOUTPUT,EMPLOYING60PERCEN
11、TOFTHELABORFORCEINTHERURALAREASTOWNSPROSPEREDANDTHERURALURBANINCOMERATIOREACHEDABALANCEONACLOSEREXAMINATIONOFRURALURBANIZATION,FOURCHARACTERISTICSMAYBEOBSERVEDMULTILEVELTRANSFEROFRURALPOPULATIONINTOURBANPOPULATIONTHETRANSFEROFRURALPOPULATIONINTOURBANPOPULATIONISTHEMAJORTHEMEOFURBANIZATIONDURINGTHEPR
12、OCESSOFRURALURBANIZATIONINWUXIANDJIANGYIN,THEREWEREANUMBEROFTRANSFERFORMS,ASTHEPEASANTSCOULDNOTBECOMEURBANPEOPLESIMPLYBYLEAVINGTHECOUNTRYSIDE2SEETABLEITABLEITHREELEVELSOFRURALURBANIZATIONSUBJECTRURALPEOPLELEVELFIRSTLEVELSECONDLEVELTHIRDLEVELURBANPEOPLEOCCUPATIONAGRICULTURENONAGRICULTUREVILLAGEINDUST
13、RYNONAGRICULTURETOWNSHIPINDUSTRYNONAGRICULTUREWORKPLACERURALRURALTOWNTOWNANDCITYRESIDENCEPLACERURALRURALRURALTOWNANDCITYLINKAGEWITHAGRICULTURESTRONGWEAKDEGREEOFTRANSFERTOURBANPEOPLELOWHIGHTRANSFERCOSTRMB/PERSONA1,8003,00010,000ACTIVITYSPACEWITHINVILLAGEWITHINVILLAGEWITHINTOWNWITHINTOWNORCITYPOPULATI
14、ONINTHOUSANDSB1,000350450245NOTESAFIGURESOF1986BFIGURESOF1986SOURCEINFORMATIONFROMFIELDWORKFIRST,RURALPEOPLEWEREEMPLOYEDBYNONAGRICULTURALENTERPRISES,USUALLYRUNBYTHEVILLAGECOLLECTIVEORTHEINDIVIDUALPEASANTHOUSEHOLD,NEARTHEIRHOMESRURALPEOPLEDIDNOTLEAVETHEIRVILLAGEBOTHPLACESOFRESIDENCEANDWORKWEREINTHEVI
15、LLAGE,BUTMOSTOFTHEIRWORKINGTIMEWASDEVOTEDTONONAGRICULTURALACTIVITIESTHROUGHTHISFIRSTLEVELTRANSFER,RURALPEOPLECHANGEDTHEIROCCUPATIONSANDENGAGEDINTHENONAGRICULTURALACTIVITIESBECAUSETHEYDIDNOTLEAVETHEIRVILLAGES,THETRANSFERWASRELATIVELYCONVENIENTFROM19781986,THOSEINVOLVEDINTHISFIRSTLEVELTRANSFERINCREASE
16、DFROM100,000TO270,000IFTHEIRDEPENDANTS3WEREINCLUDED,THENUMBERREACHED350,000,OR169PERCENTOFTHETOTALPOPULATIONSECOND,RURALPEOPLEWEREEMPLOYEDBYNONAGRICULTURALENTERPRISES,USUALLYATOWNSHIPENTERPRISE,BUTTHEPEOPLEINVOLVEDCONTINUEDTOLIVEINRURALAREASCOMPAREDWITHTHEFIRSTGROUP,THISSECONDGROUPOFPEOPLEWASMORE“UR
17、BANIZED”,BECAUSETHEIRWORKPLACEHADBEENMOVEDFROMRURALAREAINTOASMALLTOWN,USUALLYTOWNSHIPLEVELTOWN,WHERETHEYCOULDENJOYSOMEURBANLIFEAFTERWORK4BUTASTHEYSTILLLIVEDINTHECOUNTRYSIDE,THISKINDOFTRANSFERWASNOTYETCOMPLETETHETENDENCYOFTHESECONDGROUPTOWARDSMALLTOWNSWASBENEFICIALFORTHEIRDEVELOPMENTASTHESECONDGROUPO
18、NLYREQUIREDWORKINGSPACEANDNOHOUSINGINTHESMALLTOWNS,THEREWASNODEMANDONFUNDSTOEXTENDTHESMALLTOWNSTHISGAVEMOREPEOPLETHECHANCETOPARTICIPATEINTHISTRANSFERPROCESSSINCE1978,64SMALLTOWNSINWUXIANDJIANGYINCOUNTIESHAVEACCEPTEDSOME29,000RURALLABORERSIFTHEIRDEPENDANTSAREINCLUDED,THESIZEOFTHISSECONDGROUPHASGROWNF
19、ROM160,000,OR78PERCENTOFTHEPOPULATIONIN1978,TO450,000,OR217PERCENTOFTHEPOPULATIONIN1986THIRD,THERURALPEOPLENOTONLYCHANGEDTHEIROCCUPATIONANDWORKPLACE,BUTTHEYALSOMOVEDFROMTHECOUNTRYSIDEINTOTHESMALLTOWNSTHROUGHTHISTRANSFER,RURALPEOPLEWERECOMPLETELYTRANSFORMEDINTOURBANPOPULATIONTHISTRANSFERSTARTEDFROM19
20、84ONWARDS,WHENTHECENTRALGOVERNMENTADOPTEDANEWPOLICYWHICHALLOWEDRURALPEOPLETOLIVEINSMALLTOWNSORMIGRATETOTHECITYASCONTRACTWORKERSINURBANENTERPRISES,IFTHEYWEREABLETOTAKECAREOFTHEIROWNFOODGRAINSUPPLYFROM1984TO1986,ABOUT20,000PEOPLEWEREINVOLVEDINTHISTHIRDLEVELTRANSFERINWUXIANDJIANGYINCOUNTIESTHEREHASBEEN
21、RELATIVELYLITTLEMOVEMENTFROMALOWERLEVELTOANUPPERONETHETRANSFERREDPOPULATIONSEEMEDTOHAVEBEENSATISFIEDWITHTHEINITIALTRANSFER,NOTWISHINGTOCHANGETHEIRSITUATIONONCEMOREDISPERSEDSPATIALPATTERNRURALINDUSTRIESMAYBEESTABLISHEDACCORDINGTOONEOFTWOPATTERNSCONCENTRATIONORDISPERSALINWUXIANDJIANGYIN,THESPATIALDIST
22、RIBUTIONOFRURALINDUSTRIESISTOWARDDISPERSALTHISHASCONTRIBUTEDTOASPATIALLYBALANCEDDEVELOPMENTOFRURALURBANIZATIONTHISDISPERSEDANDBALANCEDURBANIZATIONHAS,INTURN,MADEITPOSSIBLEFORTHEWHOLEREGIONTOBECOMEANURBANREGIONANURBANREGIONISANAREAINWHICHURBANFEATURESDOMINATESINCE1978,GREATSOCIOECONOMICCHANGESHAVETAK
23、ENPLACEINWUXIANDJIANGYINCOUNTIESURBANFUNCTIONSHAVEBEENEXTENDED,URBANLANDUSEISEMERGING,ANDTHEREGIONALLANDSCAPEISUNDERGOINGAMAJORTRANSFORMATIONURBANIZATIONLAGGINGBEHINDINDUSTRIALDEVELOPMENTURBANIZATIONANDINDUSTRIALIZATIONAREMUTUALLYDEPENDENTONEACHOTHERITISNECESSARYTOENSURETHATTHETWOPROCESSESOFINDUSTRI
24、ALIZATIONANDURBANIZATIONARECOMPLEMENTARY,KEEPINGPACEWITHEACHOTHER,ESPECIALLYDURINGTHEPRIMARYANDMIDDLESTAGESOFINDUSTRIALIZATIONIFURBANIZATIONISTOOFARAHEADOFINDUSTRIALIZATION,THEREWILLBEANEXCESSIVEEXPANSIONOFTHEURBANTERRITORY,ARAPIDGROWTHOFURBANPOPULATION,SERIOUSUNEMPLOYMENT,STAGNATIONOFAGRICULTURE,AN
25、DDISHARMONYINTHELOCALSOCIALANDECONOMICSTRUCTURESALLTHISWILLDELAYTHEPROCESSOFINDUSTRIALIZATIONGLOBALLY,THEMOSTTYPICALAREAOFURBANIZATIONEXCEEDINGINDUSTRIALIZATIONISLATINAMERICAWHERETHEURBANIZATIONLEVELISVERYHIGH,BUTINDUSTRIALDEVELOPMENTISSTILLLAGGINGBEHINDONTHEOTHERHAND,WHENINDUSTRIALIZATIONEXCEEDSURB
26、ANIZATION,THEREWILLBEANINCOMPLETETRANSFEROFAGRICULTURALPOPULATIONANDADISPROPORTIONATESHAREOFINDUSTRIALLABORINTHELABORSTRUCTUREURBANDEVELOPMENTWILLBERETARDEDANDUNABLETOMEETTHENEEDSOFRAPIDINDUSTRIALGROWTHINWUXIANDJIANGYIN,THEURBANIZATIONPROCESSLAGSBEHINDINDUSTRIALIZATIONTHEREISADISHARMONYBETWEENINDUST
27、RIALGROWTHANDTHEDEVELOPMENTOFSMALLTOWNSTHECONSTRUCTIONANDDEVELOPMENTOFSMALLTOWNSCANNOTMEETTHEREQUIREMENTSDUETOTHERAPIDGROWTHOFRURALINDUSTRYTHEREARETWOREASONSFIRST,RURALURBANIZATIONISARATHERINDEPENDENTPROCESSWITHAMUCHSHORTERHISTORYANDAWEAKERFOUNDATIONCOMPAREDWITHURBANINDUSTRY,RURALINDUSTRYHASBEENDEVE
28、LOPINGMAINLYONTHEBASISOFSELFACCUMULATEDCAPITALUNDERTHESECONDITIONS,THEONLYOPTIONFORTHERURALENTERPRISESISTOINVESTTHELIMITEDCAPITALINTHEPRODUCTIONPROCESSALTHOUGHINVESTMENTINURBANCONSTRUCTIONHASINCREASEDDRAMATICALLYSINCE1978,ITSTILLCANNOTMEETTHEDEMANDOFTHERAPIDGROWTHOFRURALINDUSTRYSECOND,THEREARENOEFFI
29、CIENTINSTITUTIONSTHATCANPROPERLYCOORDINATETHERELATIONSHIPBETWEENURBANDEVELOPMENTANDINDUSTRIALGROWTHTHEREISNOFIXEDORREGULARFUNDTOPROVIDETHENECESSARYMEANSFORTHEDEVELOPMENTOFSMALLTOWNSANDESPECIALLYFORTHESEATSOFTOWNSHIPADMINISTRATIONTHEREISNOREGULATIONTODETERMINETHEAMOUNTOFINDUSTRIALPROFITTOBESETASIDEFO
30、RURBANCONSTRUCTIONTHEIMPORTANTROLEOFTOWNSINRURALURBANIZATIONTOWNSHIPADMINISTRATIONTOWNSHIPTOWNSPLAYANIMPORTANTROLEINRURALURBANIZATIONASTHECENTERSOFRURALPOPULATIONANDINDUSTRYTHERURALSETTLEMENTPATTERNCONSISTEDOFVILLAGES,MARKETTOWNS,ANDAFEWDESIGNATEDTOWNSBEFORETHEESTABLISHMENTOFTHERURALPEOPLESCOMMUNESI
31、N1958SINCETHEN,SOMEOFTHEMARKETTOWNSBECAMETHESITESOFCOMMUNEADMINISTRATION,GRADUALLYEVOLVINGINTOSMALLTOWNS,WHEREASOTHERSDEGRADEDINTOVILLAGESBECAUSEOFTHEDECLINEOFCOMMODITYPRODUCTIONTHUS,MARKETTOWNSGRADUALLYDISAPPEARED,ANDTOWNSHIPTOWNSANDVILLAGESBECAMETHETWOBASICTYPESOFRURALSETTLEMENTAFTER1978,THERURALS
32、ETTLEMENTSCONTINUEDTOEVOLVE,WITHTOWNSHIPTOWNSGROWINGRAPIDLY,WHILEVILLAGESDECLINEDTHEDIFFERENCEBETWEENTOWNSHIPTOWNSANDVILLAGESWASGROWING,WITHTHELATTERREMAININGRURALPLACESWHILETHEFORMERTOOKOVERMANYOFTHECHARACTERISTICSOFANURBANSETTLEMENTASTHEPRIMARYNODEOFTHEREGIONALURBANSYSTEM,THETOWNSHIPTOWNSHAVEPLAYE
33、DAVERYIMPORTANTROLEINTHEPROCESSOFRURALURBANIZATIONFROMBELOWSEETABLEIITABLEIITWODIFFERENTTYPESOFRURALSETTLEMENTSINWUXIANDJIANGYINCOUNTIESVILLAGETOWNSHIPLEVELTOWNITEMTYPEVILLAGETOWNSHIPLEVELTOWNSIZEOFPOPULATIONVARIESFROMTENSTOHUNDREDSGENERALLYABOVE3,000RESIDENTSFUNCTIONSPLACEFORVILLAGERSLIVING,AGRICUL
34、TURE,ANDSIDELINEPRODUCTION,WITHFEWSERVICESANDINDUSTRIALPOLITICAL,COMMERCIAL,ECONOMICANDCULTURECENTEROFTHETOWNSHIP,WITHMORERURALUNITSINDUSTRIALENTERPRISESSTRUCTURENONATURALCENTER,DISPERSEDDISTRIBUTIONFUNCTIONSCENTERDIVISIONOFFUNCTIONS,HASATOWNCENTERSERVICEITEMSSOMEPRIMARYSERVICESFUNCTIONSFORDAILYLIFE
35、SHOPPINGCENTERS,POSTOFFICE,BANK,POLICESTATION,CINEMA,LIBRARY,ETCDENSITY6007,000FOREVERY100KM232FOREVERY100KM2OCCUPATIONALSTRUCTUREOFRESIDENTSMAJORITYPEASANTS,SOMEPEASANTWORKERSMAJORITYNONAGRICULTURE,POPULATIONANDPEASANTWORKERS,LOWAGRICULTURALPOPULATIONRELATIONWITHGOVERNMENTNOARTICULATEDGOVERNMENTSTR
36、UCTURELOWESTLEVELOFGOVERNMENTHIERARCHY,HASANARTICULATEDGOVERNMENTSTRUCTURENATUREOFSETTLEMENTRURALURBANSOURCEINFORMATIONFROMFIELDWORKTHEFOURCHARACTERISTICSOFRURALURBANIZATIONMENTIONEDABOVEONLYREPRESENTANINCOMPLETEPROCESSNOTONLYISTHETRANSFEROFPOPULATIONANINCOMPLETEPROCESS,BUTTHETOWNSHIPTOWNS,ASTHEPRIN
37、CIPALSITEFORINDUSTRIALCLUSTER,AREALSOINCOMPLETEURBANSETTLEMENTSATBEST,THESETOWNSAREATATRANSITIONSTAGEOFURBANDEVELOPMENTBECAUSEOFTHEHIGHPERCENTAGEOFWORKERPEASANTSINTHEIRPOPULATIONONTHEAVERAGE,WORKERPEASANTSACCOUNTFOR55PERCENTOFTHETOWNPOPULATION,ANDTHEFIGURECANGETASHIGHAS70PERCENTTHEINCOMPLETERURALURB
38、ANIZATIONISALSOREFLECTEDINTHEHIGHLYSELECTIVENATUREOFPOPULATIONTRANSFER,WHICHINVOLVESPRINCIPALLYABLEBODIEDMENANDWOMENYETDESPITEITSTRANSITORYNATURE,RURALURBANIZATION,HAVINGDEVELOPEDRAPIDLYINTHISREGION,SHOWSTHATITISADAPTABLETOLOCALECONOMYANDSOCIETYASAWHOLE3THEFUTUREDEVELOPMENTOFTHERURALURBANIZATIONPROC
39、ESSURBANIZATIONISNOTANISOLATEDSOCIALPHENOMENON,ANDITSDEVELOPMENTISCLOSELYRELATEDTOTHESOCIOECONOMICCHANGESINTHEREGIONTHROUGHANANALYSISOFTHESOCIOECONOMICDEVELOPMENTOFWUXIANDJIANGYIN,APREDICTIONOFTHEFUTURERURALURBANIZATIONINTHESECOUNTIESCANBEMADETHERURALPOPULATIONWILLCONTINUETOPROGRESSFROMTHELOWERTOHIG
40、HERLEVELANDFROMINCOMPLETETOCOMPLETEFORMINTHEEARLIERSTAGE,RURALURBANIZATIONWASDEVELOPINGUNDERTHECONDITIONOFALARGESURPLUSOFRURALLABOR,ANDTHEAFFECTEDPOPULATIONOFTENREMAINEDRELATIVELYSTABLEAFTERITSTRANSFERASTHESIZEOFSURPLUSLABORSHRINKS,THEFUTURETRANSFEROFRURALLABORTONONAGRICULTURALSECTORSWILLMAINLYANDIN
41、CREASINGLYINVOLVEANEWLYADDEDLABORFORCEANANALYSISOFTHEGROWTHOFRURALLABORINDICATESTHATTHENATURALANDMECHANICALGROWTHOFRURALLABORWILLBELIMITEDSEEWANG,1989MOREOVER,AGRICULTURALMECHANIZATIONDEMANDSABLEBODIEDPEOPLETHUS,THENUMBEROFRURALPEOPLEBEINGTRANSFERREDINTOTHEFIRSTWILLDECLINE,ANDTHOSEINTHESECONDANDTHIR
42、DLEVELWILLINCREASECONSIDERABLYINTHEFUTURE,THERISEOFTHEURBANIZATIONLEVELINWUXIANDJIANGYINWILLMAINLYINVOLVETHEPEOPLEWHOHAVEALREADYBEENTRANSFERREDBUTWHOHAVENOTYETCOMPLETEDTHEWHOLEPROCESS,THEREFORETHEINCREASEOFPEOPLEMOVINGINTOAHIGHERLEVELWILLBEANIMPORTANTINDICATOROFFUTURERURALURBANIZATIONSMALLTOWNSWILLC
43、ONTINUETODEVELOPRAPIDLYANDDIFFERENTIALLYTHETRANSFEROFPOPULATIONFROMTHEFIRSTTOTHESECONDLEVELISAPROCESSINVOLVINGAGROWINGNUMBEROFWORKERPEASANTSINSMALLTOWNS,WHILETHETRANSFEROFPOPULATIONFROMTHESECONDTOTHETHIRDLEVELWILLCONTRIBUTETOTHERISEOFPOPULATIONINSMALLTOWNSHENCE,THETRANSFEROFPOPULATIONFROMTHELOWERTOH
44、IGHERLEVELSWILLNATURALLYACCOMPANYTHEDEVELOPMENTOFSMALLTOWNSTHEMOREPEOPLEARETRANSFERRED,THEFASTERTHESMALLTOWNSWILLDEVELOPMEANWHILE,DUETODIFFERENTGEOGRAPHICCONDITIONSANDECONOMICFORCES,SMALLTOWNSWILLNOTDEVELOPINABALANCEDWAYSOMETOWNSWILLDEVELOPFASTERANDBECOMECENTERSFORSEVERALTOWNSHIPSAROUNDTHEM,ANDFINAL
45、LYACTASANINTERMEDIATEBETWEENTHECOUNTYANDTOWNSHIPTOWNSINTHEREGIONALURBANSYSTEMDURINGTHECOURSEOFDIFFERENTIATION,SOMESMALLTOWNSWILLMOVEAWAYFROMTHETRANSITIONSTATUS,WHICHISREFLECTEDINTHEDECREASEOFWORKERPEASANTSANDINCREASEOFPERMANENTPOPULATIONTHEWHOLEPROCESSMAYTAKEARELATIVELYLONGTIMETOBECOMPLETEDRURALMIGR
46、ANTSINREGIONALCITIESWILLGRADUALLYINCREASEJUDGINGFROMTHEDEVELOPMENTTENDENCYINWUXIANDJIANGYIN,ITSEEMSTHATTHEGROWTHOFTHELARGEANDMEDIUMSIZEDCITIESINTHEREGIONISINEVITABLEBECAUSEOFTHEGROWTHOFTHELOCALECONOMY,ENTERPRISESINWUXICITYFACEDINCREASINGLYASHORTAGEOFLABORSUPPLY,ANDBEGANTOACCEPTCONTRACTWORKERSFROMTHR
47、EESURROUNDINGCOUNTIESAFTER1983THUS,ALEGALCHANNELFORRURALPEOPLETOMOVEINTOLARGEANDMEDIUMSIZEDCITIESWASOPENEDTHEDIRECTTRANSFEROFRURALPOPULATIONTOLARGECITIESISBEYONDTHESCOPEOFRURALURBANIZATIONATPRESENT,THENUMBEROFPEOPLEBEINGTRANSFERREDINTHISWAYISSMALLANDRURALURBANIZATIONISSTILLTHEDOMINANTPROCESSINRURALA
48、REASHOWEVER,THEREISATRENDONTHEONEHANDTHATRURALPOPULATIONMIGRATINGTOLARGEORMEDIUMSIZEDCITIESWILLGRADUALLYINCREASEONTHEOTHERHAND,ASRURALURBANIZATIONACCELERATES,SOMETOWNSHIPTOWNSMIGHTGROWINTOSMALLTOWNSANDFURTHERBECOMESMALLCITIESFINALLY,AFEWOFTHEMMIGHTEVENGROWINTOMEDIUMSIZEDCITIESATTHATTIME,THETRANSFERO
49、FPOPULATIONANDTHEPATTERNOFURBANIZATIONWILLNOLONGERBELIMITEDTORURALURBANIZATIONINCONCLUSION,WEBELIEVETHATSELFNEGATIONWILLBEINEVITABLEWHENRURALURBANIZATIONHASDEVELOPEDTOACERTAINSTAGE,ANDRURALURBANIZATIONWILLREMAINASAFORMOFTRANSITION4APPLICABILITYOFRURALURBANIZATIONTOOTHERAREASRECENTDEVELOPMENTINWUXIANDJIANGYININDICATESTHATRURALURBANIZATIONISSUITABLEFORTHESECOUNTIESBUTWHETHERORNOTRURALURBANIZATIONISSUITABLETOOTHERAREASDEPENDSONTHECONDITIONOFTHOSEAREASFROMTHEEXPERIENCEINWUXIANDJIANGYIN,ITSEEMSTHATASOCIOECONOMICENVIRONMENTFORRURALINDUSTRIALIZATIONISALSOESSENTIALFORRURALURBANIZATIONTHEPRESENT
