1、毕业论文（设计）外文翻译GREENVIRTUALENTERPRISESANDTHEIRBREEDINGENVIRONMENTSABSTRACTTHEINDUSTRIALECOLOGYIEISANEWINTERDISCIPLINARYFIELDFOCUSEDONSUSTAINABLEDEVELOPMENTIEAIMSTOTHESHIFTINGOFINDUSTRIALPROCESSESFROMOPENLOOPSYSTEMSWHEREDIFFERENTRESOURCESMOVETHROUGHASYSTEMTOBECOMEWASTESTOACLOSEDLOOPSYSTEMWHEREWASTESBECO
2、MEINPUTSFORNEWPROCESSESTHISPAPERINTRODUCESAGREENVIRTUALENTERPRISEGVEMODELASANEMERGINGSUSTAINABLEMANUFACTURINGANDLOGISTICSMODEFOCUSEDONOFFERING,DELIVERINGANDRECOVERINGGREENPRODUCTSTO/FROMTHEMARKET,UNDERALIFECYCLETHINKINGANDSUPPORTEDBYITSSOURCENETWORKGVESCREATIONISCONSIDEREDWITHINAGVEBREEDINGENVIRONME
3、NTCONTEXT,WHICHACTSASALONGTERMCOLLABORATIVENETWORKAIMEDATOFFERINGTHECONDITIONSTOEFFICIENTLYPROMOTETHESHARINGANDRECYCLINGOFRESOURCESSUCHASINFORMATION,MATERIALS,WATER,ENERGYAND/ORINFRASTRUCTUREWITHTHEINTENTIONOFINCREASINGECONOMICGAINSANDACHIEVINGSUSTAINABLEDEVELOPMENTKEYWORDSCOLLABORATIVENETWORKEDORGA
4、NISATIONS,GREENVIRTUALENTERPRISES,BREEDINGENVIRONMENTS,INDUSTRIALECOLOGY,INDUSTRIALSYMBIOSIS,SUSTAINABLEINDUSTRIALDEVELOPMENT1INTRODUCTIONTHEINDUSTRIALECOLOGYIESTANDSFORANIMPORTANTSTRATEGYTOPROMOTESUSTAINABLEINDUSTRIALDEVELOPMENTFORENTERPRISESANDTHEIRRELATEDSUPPORTINSTITUTIONSBYPROVIDINGAUNIQUECOLLA
5、BORATIONOPPORTUNITY,WITHA“BUSINESSSENSE”,TOINTEGRATEECOLOGICAL,ECONOMICANDSOCIALCONSIDERATIONSINTOTHECREATIONANDOPERATION/EVOLUTIONOFNEWOREXISTINGINDUSTRIALNETWORKSEGINDUSTRYCLUSTERS,INDUSTRIALDISTRICTS,ECOINDUSTRIALPARKSIEATTEMPTSTOUNDERSTANDTHEPOTENTIALIMPROVEMENTOFINDUSTRIALNETWORKSUSINGANANALOGY
6、BETWEENNATURALECOSYSTEMSANDINDUSTRIALSYSTEMSIEAIMSTOTHESHIFTINGOFINDUSTRIALPRODUCTIONSYSTEMSFROMOPENLOOPSYSTEMSTOCLOSEDLOOPSYSTEMS,EVOLVINGFROMALINEARTOACYCLEPRODUCTIONAPPROACH,INORDERTOREDUCEWASTESANDPOLLUTIONANDEFFICIENTLYSHAREANDRECYCLERESOURCESWITHINANINDUSTRIALECOSYSTEMTOWARDSINCREASINGECONOMIC
7、GAINSANDACHIEVINGSUSTAINABLEDEVELOPMENTCOLLABORATIVENETWORKEDORGANISATIONSCNOSREPRESENTAPROMISINGPARADIGMINMANUFACTURINGANDSERVICEINDUSTRIESTOHELPORGANISATIONSTOCOPEWITHTHECHALLENGESOFTURBULENTMARKETCONDITIONSINTHECONTEXTOFECOLOGICAL,ECONOMICANDSOCIALPRESSURESONTHEGLOBALINDUSTRYCNOSSHOWAHIGHPOTENTIA
8、LASDRIVERSOFSUSTAINABLEINDUSTRIALDEVELOPMENTBYJOININGOFCOMPLEMENTARYCAPABILITIESANDCAPACITIESFORCREATINGPRODUCTSTHATARENONPOLLUTING,CONSERVEENERGYANDNATURALRESOURCES,ANDTHATAREECONOMICALLYVIABLEANDSOCIALLYREWARDINGFORALLSTAKEHOLDERSINVOLVEDBOTHSCIENTIFICDISCIPLINESCANPROVIDETOGETHERANEWINTERDISCIPLI
9、NARYAPPROACHFORENTERPRISESTOIMPROVETHEIRCOMPETITIVEANDENVIRONMENTALPERFORMANCEINTERMSOFBETTERMANAGINGTHEIRSKILLSORCORECOMPETENCIESANDRESOURCESEGINFORMATION,MATERIALS,ENERGY,WASTE,INFRASTRUCTURETOREALISESUSTAINABLEINDUSTRIALCOLLABORATIVENETWORKSANDPURSUENEWGREENBUSINESSOPPORTUNITIESINTHISSENSE,COLLAB
10、ORATIONISPRESENTEDASACHALLENGEANDATTHESAMETIMEASANOPPORTUNITYFORENTERPRISESTOREENGINEERTHEIRPRODUCTIONPROCESSESAND/ORNETWORKSINORDERTOELIMINATE/RECYCLETHEIRWASTESTOMAXIMISERETURNSPERUNITOFRESOURCECONSUMED,SHARE/REDUCETHEIRCOSTSOVERLIMITEDNATURALRESOURCESEGRAWMATERIALSANDSUPPORTINGINFRASTRUCTURE,ANDI
11、NCREASETHEIRBUSINESSOPPORTUNITIESANDPROFITBYESTABLISHINGLONGANDSHORTTERMSTRATEGICCOALITIONSTODEVELOPNEWCOMPETITIVEADVANTAGESEGGREENPRODUCTSANDPROCESSESWITHOUTCOMPROMISINGCRITICALRESOURCESFORTHEFUTURE2GREENVIRTUALENTERPRISESANDTHEIRBREEDINGENVIRONMENTSGREENVIRTUALENTERPRISEBREEDINGENVIRONMENTSGVBES,A
12、LSOKNOWNASVIRTUALECOINDUSTRIALCOLLABORATIVENETWORKS,ARELONGTERMSTRATEGICALLIANCESOFGREENENTERPRISESANDTHEIRRELATEDSUPPORTINSTITUTIONSAIMEDATOFFERINGTHENECESSARYCONDITIONSTOSUPPORTTHERAPIDANDFLUIDCONFIGURATIONOFGREENVIRTUALENTERPRISESGVBES,ASSOURCENETWORKSFOCUSONTRADITIONALBASESONCREATINGANADEQUATEEN
13、VIRONMENTFORTHEESTABLISHMENTOFCOOPERATIONAGREEMENTS,COMMONOPERATIONPRINCIPLES,COMMONINTEROPERABLEINFRASTRUCTURES,COMMONONTOLOGIES,ANDMUTUALTRUSTAMONGOTHERS,WITHTHEOBJECTIVEOFPREPARINGTHEIRMEMBERSTOCOLLABORATEINPOTENTIALGVESTHATWILLBEESTABLISHEDWHENAGREENBUSINESSOPPORTUNITYARISESORISIDENTIFIEDBYAGVBE
14、MEMBERACTINGASABROKERONMOREINNOVATIVEBASES,GVBESFOCUSONBRINGINGTOGETHERAVARIETYOFGREENENTERPRISESINTOABUSINESSECOSYSTEMTHATAIMSTOMIMICTHERELATIONSHIPSBETWEENDIFFERENTSPECIESINANATURALECOSYSTEMANDESTABLISHSYMBIOTICMECHANISMSTOCREATESYNERGIESTOWARDSANOPTIMALPRODUCTIONLEVELANDECOLOGICALBALANCEINAVIRTUA
15、LECOINDUSTRIALCOLLABORATIVENETWORKGVBESCONCENTRATEONBRINGINGTHEIRBUSINESSECOSYSTEMSASCLOSEASPOSSIBLETOBEINGACLOSEDLOOPSYSTEMBYKEEPINGACLOSEINTERACTIONOFMATERIAL,ENERGY,INFORMATIONANDTECHNOLOGYAMONGTHEIRMEMBERSTOWARDTOANEARCOMPLETERECYCLEORSHARINGOFRESOURCESFORPRODUCINGANDDELIVERINGGREENPRODUCTSWITHS
16、USTAINABLEMANUFACTURINGANDLOGISTICSPRACTICESTHROUGHGVESCREATION,ANDBYRECRUITINGNEWGVBEMEMBERSGREENENTERPRISESTHATCANENHANCETHENETWORKCAPABILITIESANDCAPACITIESTOGRASPNEWGREENBUSINESSOPPORTUNITIESINTIMEANDTAKINGINTOACCOUNTENVIRONMENTALIMPACTANDRESOURCESUTILITYTHESELASTAIMSAREWHATDIFFERENTIATETRADITION
17、ALVBESFROMTHENOVELGVBESINWHERECOLLABORATIONTARGETSTHECREATIONOFECONOMIESOFSCALEINARECYCLINGANDSHAREDSUSTAINABLEENGINEERINGEFFICIENCYSTRATEGYASARESULT,GVBESAIMTOOFFERTHEIRMEMBERSANDTOTHEMARKETANDSOCIETYASUSTAINABLEINDUSTRIALDEVELOPMENTMODELCHARACTERISEDBYANECONOMICGROWTHTOGETHERWITHALOWENVIRONMENTALI
18、MPACTINCOMPARISONWITHOTHERTRADITIONALINDUSTRIALDEVELOPMENTMODELSGREENVIRTUALENTERPRISESGVESARESHORTTERMANDDYNAMICCOALITIONSOFGREENENTERPRISESTHATMAYBETAILOREDWITHINAGVBETORESPONDTOASINGLECOLLABORATIONOPPORTUNITY,THROUGHINTEGRATINGTHEGREENTECHNOLOGYSKILLSORCORECOMPETENCIESANDRESOURCESREQUIREDTOMEETOR
19、EXCEEDTHEQUALITY,TIMEANDCOSTFRAMESEXPECTEDBYTHECUSTOMERWITHALOWECOLOGICALFOOTPRINT,ANDTHATDISSOLVEONCETHEIRMISSION/GOALHASBEENACCOMPLISHED,ANDWHOSECOOPERATIONISSUPPORTEDTHROUGHCOMPUTERNETWORKSFURTHERMORE,GVESASGOALORIENTEDCOLLABORATIVENETWORKSCANBEDESIGNEDWITHINAGVBEWITHTWODIFFERENTAIMS,ONTHEONEHAND
20、TOBECOMEDYNAMICFORWARDSUPPLYNETWORKSFORDELIVERINGNEWGREENPRODUCTSTOTHEMARKET,ANDONTHEOTHERHANDTOBECOMEDYNAMICREVERSESUPPLYNETWORKSFORRECOVERINGTHEPRODUCTSSOLDUNDERTHEGVBEBRANDPRODUCTSTEWARDSHIPFORDIRECTUSE,REPAIR,REMANUFACTURE,RECYCLEORSAFEDISPOSALSEEFIG13GREENVIRTUALENTERPRISESCHARACTERISATIONGVESR
21、EPRESENTANEMERGINGSUSTAINABLEMANUFACTURINGANDLOGISTICSMODEFOCUSEDONOFFERING,DELIVERINGANDRECOVERINGGREENPRODUCTSTO/FROMTHEMARKET,UNDERALIFECYCLETHINKINGANDSUPPORTEDBYTHEIRSOURCENETWORKSGVESFOCUSONADOPTINGLEANAGILEMANUFACTURINGANDOTHERSUSTAINABLEENGINEERINGANDLOGISTICSPRINCIPLESINORDERTOENHANCEPRODUC
22、TION,REDUCEWASTESANDIMPROVETHEIRMANAGEMENT,DECREASEENERGYCONSUMPTION,ACHIEVELOGISTICSEFFICIENCYANDCONSEQUENTLYREDUCEPRODUCTIONANDLOGISTICSCOSTSANDENVIRONMENTALIMPACTINTHISPAPER,TWOGVEMODALITIESAREINTRODUCEDASARESPONSETOTHEDIFFICULTIESOFCREATINGANDMANAGINGINTEGRATEDANDSTABLEFORWARDBTHEGREENBUSINESSOP
23、PORTUNITYWILLBECHARACTERISEDINORDERTODETAILITSCOMPETENCYREQUIREMENTSINTERMSOFGREENDESIGN,GREENMATERIALS,GREENPROCESSES,GREENMANUFACTURING,GREENPACKAGINGANDGREENLOGISTICSNEEDEDTOLATERONLOOKFORTHEFGVEPARTNERSTHATPOSSESTHESEGREENCOMPETENCIES,ANDFORDRAFTINGTHEFGVEROUGHPLANEGWORKBREAKDOWNSTRUCTURETOSCHED
24、ULE,ASSIGNANDLOCATEACTIVITIES,TASKSANDRESOURCESTOBEPERFORMED/USEDBYTHEPOTENTIALFGVEPARTNERSDURINGTHEFGVEOPERATIONCFGVEPARTNERSWILLBESEARCHED,ASSESSEDANDPRIMARILYSELECTEDFROMTHEPOOLOFGVBEMEMBERSAVAILABLEANDINCASETHEREISALACKOFCOMPETENCIESINSIDETHEGVBE,FGVEPARTNERSCANBERECRUITEDFROMOUTSIDE,BASEDONTHEI
25、RGREENDEGREELEVELANDOTHERKEYPERFORMANCEINDICATORSEGPRICE,DELIVERYDATE,QUALITYLEVEL,ETCTORESPONDTOTHECOMPETENCYREQUIREMENTSANDCONSTRAINSOFTHEGREENBUSINESSOPPORTUNITYDTHESELECTEDFGVEPARTNERSWILLNEGOTIATETOREACHAGREEMENTSANDALIGNNEEDSWITHOFFERSTOWARDSTHEFGVEFINALCONFIGURATION,FOLLOWINGTHETRIPLEBOTTOMLI
26、NESUSTAINABILITYPRINCIPLESECONOMICEQUITABLE,ENVIRONMENTALVIABLE,SOCIALBEARABLEEADETAILEDFGVEPLANNINGEGWORKINGSTRUCTUREWITHROLESANDRESPONSIBILITIESASSIGNEDTOTHEFGVEPARTNERSWILLBEDEFINEDANDLASTLYFTHEFGVECOLLABORATIONWILLBEFORMALISEDINACONTRACTANDTHEFGVEWILLBELAUNCHEDADAPTEDFROM5SEEFIG2FURTHERMORE,DURI
27、NGTHEOPERATIONSTAGE,THEFGVEMOSTPERFORMINANAGILE,GREENANDOPTIMALWAYFOLLOWINGSUSTAINABLEENGINEERING,MANUFACTURINGANDLOGISTICSPRINCIPLESINORDERTOOFFERANDDELIVERGREENPRODUCTSWITHTHEREQUIREDQUALITYANDWITHINTHEREQUIREDTIMEANDCOSTFRAMENEEDEDTOMEETOREXCEEDTHECUSTOMEREXPECTATIONSANDENVIRONMENTALREGULATIONSAD
28、APTEDFROM6SEEFIG2FINALLY,DURINGTHEFGVEDISSOLUTION,SINCETHEFGVEWASCREATEDWITHINAGVBE,ANYSURPLUSAND/ORABANDONEDRESOURCES/SCRAPSHOULDBEPLACEDINTHEGVBEBAGOFASSETS4FORITSDIRECTUSEREUSE,REPAIR,REMANUFACTURE,RECYCLEAND/ORSAFEDISPOSALASPARTOFTHEGVBESUSTAINABLESTRATEGY,ANDOFCOURSETHEGVEPRODUCTWILLBEDELIVERED
29、TOTHECUSTOMERUSINGOPTIMISED/GREENLOGISTICSSEEFIG2BTHEGREENBUSINESSOPPORTUNITYWILLBECHARACTERISEDINORDERTODETAILITSCOMPETENCYREQUIREMENTSINTERMSOFDIRECTUSEREUSE,REPAIR,REMANUFACTURING,RECYCLINGAND/ORSAFEDISPOSALAPPROACHESNEEDEDFORMANAGINGCERTAINPRODUCTSORSCRAPINTHEIRENDOFLIFETOLATERONLOOKFORTHERGVEPA
30、RTNERSTHATPOSSESTHESEGREENCOMPETENCIES5,ANDFORDRAFTINGTHERGVEROUGHPLANTOBECARRIEDOUTBYTHEPOTENTIALRGVEPARTNERSDURINGTHERGVEOPERATIONCRGVEPARTNERSWILLBESEARCHED,ASSESSEDANDSELECTEDBASEDONTHEIRGREENDEGREELEVELANDOTHERKEYPERFORMANCEINDICATORSTORESPONDTOTHECOMPETENCYREQUIREMENTSANDCONSTRAINSOFTHEGREENBU
31、SINESSOPPORTUNITY,DTHESELECTEDRGVEPARTNERSWILLNEGOTIATETOREACHAGREEMENTSTOWARDSTHERGVEFINALCONFIGURATION,FOLLOWINGTHETRIPLEBOTTOMLINESUSTAINABILITYPRINCIPLES,EADETAILEDRGVEPLANNINGWITHROLESANDRESPONSIBILITIESASSIGNEDTOTHERGVEPARTNERSWILLBEDEFINED,ANDFLASTLYTHERGVECOLLABORATIONWILLBEFORMALISEDINACONT
32、RACTANDTHERGVEWILLBELAUNCHEDSEEFIG2FURTHERMORE,DURINGTHEOPERATIONSTAGE,THERGVEMOSTPERFORMINANAGILE,GREENANDOPTIMALWAYFOLLOWINGSUSTAINABLELOGISTICS,ENDOFLIFEMANUFACTURINGANDSAFEDISPOSALPRINCIPLESINORDERTOREUSEEGDEALWITHTHEDIRECTUSEOFPRODUCTCOMPONENTSASSPAREPARTS,REMANUFACTUREEGRESTORINGANDREBUILDINGP
33、RODUCTS,RECYCLEEGRECLAIMRAWMATERIALSAND/ORSAFEDISPOSALEGHAZARDOUSWASTESMANAGEMENTOFPRODUCTSANDTHEIRSCRAPALWAYSRESPECTINGTHEENVIRONMENTALREGULATIONSSEEFIG2FINALLY,DURINGTHERGVEDISSOLUTION,OUTPUTSMAYTAKETWOPATHSATHEOUTPUTSOFTHEENDOFLIFEMANUFACTURINGPROCESSESTHATWERESELECTEDFORDIRECTUSEREUSEREMANUFACTU
34、RINGAND/ORRECYCLINGWILLBERETURNEDIMMEDIATELY,IFPOSSIBLE,ASINPUTSTOACTIVEFORWARDSUPPLYNETWORKSFGVESWITHINTHEGVBEORWILLBEPLACEDINTHEGVBEBAGOFASSETSASINPUTSFORFUTUREFGVES,AND/ORBTHOSEOUTPUTSSELECTEDFORSAFEDISPOSALMAYTRIGGERANEWGVEFORMATIONSPECIALISEDINHAZARDOUSWASTESDISPOSALPRACTICESSEEFIG2（二）绿色商业机会的特点
35、将是，以详细的绿色设计，绿色材料，绿色工艺，绿色制造，绿色包装，需要后来的FGVE伙伴看绿色物流的绿色竞争力具有的这两个方面的能力要求，和起草的FGVE粗糙计划（例如工作分解结构），以安排，分配和定位的活动，任务和资源进行/由潜在的FGVE合作伙伴过程中使用的FGVE运作（三）FGVE伙伴将被搜索，评估，主要选择从可用GVBE成员池，万一有一个内部的GVBE能力不足，架FGVE合作伙伴可以从外部招聘，根据他们的绿色度3级和其他关键性能指标（报价，交付日期，质量水平等），以响应的能力要求和约束的绿色商机（四）选定的FGVE伙伴将谈判达成的协议和调整需要，实现了FGVE最终配置提供，按照可持续发展
36、的三重底线原则（经济公平，环保可行，社会承受），（E）一个详细的FGVE规划与角色和责任（如工作结构）分配到FGVE合作伙伴将被定义最后（六）FGVE合作将在合同和FGVE正式将推出（见图2）。此外，在运行阶段中，FGVE最敏捷的演出，绿色和最佳的方式下列可持续工程，制造和物流的原则，以提供和交付使用绿色产品和质量要求在规定的时间和成本结构需要满足或超出顾客的期望和环保法规（见图2）。最后，在FGVE解散中，因为在FGVE内设立了一个GVBE，任何盈余或废弃资源，废料应放在供其直接使用（再使用）的维修资产GVBE袋，再制造，回收或GVBE可持续战略安全的一部分，当然GVE产品将交付给客户使用优
37、化/绿色物流（见图23）。32GVE模式动态反向供应网络如动态逆向供应网络（RGVES）中的GVES是绿色临时联盟企业为了更好地应对共同的商业机会，在可持续和逆向物流的结束，生活恢复，通过互补的技能和核心竞争力的资源共享最有效使用的产品，零件，部件和/或废料制造方法和他们直接使用（再使用），维修，再制造共享资源，回收或安全处置在一个GVBE。GVES在动态模式逆向供应网络的生命周期将经历以下几个阶段在它的创造，（A）一个新的绿色商机将确定（如产品或废料回收），并触发了RGVE形成（二）绿色的商业机会的特点将是，以详细直接使用（再使用），维修，再制造，回收方面，其能力要求/或安全处置管理办法需要
38、某些产品或废料在其结束后来生活的RGVE伙伴具有的这个绿色竞争力来看，和起草的RGVE粗略计划是出了潜在的RGVE中的RGVE伙伴开展工作（三）住宅GVE伙伴将被搜索，评估和选择他们的绿色度水平和其他关键业绩指标为基础响应的能力要求和约束的绿色商机，（四）选定的RGVE合作伙伴谈判，争取达成协定在RGVE最终配置，按照可持续发展的三重底线原则，（五）一份详细的RGVE与角色并分配到RGVE伙伴的责任规划将被定义，以及（F）最后的RGVE合作将在合同正式化和RGVE将推出（见图2）。此外，在运行阶段中，RGVE最敏捷的演出，绿色和可持续后勤最佳的方式下，最终寿命制造业和安全处置原则，以重新使用（例如，直接使用的交易作为备用零部件产品的组件），再制造（如恢复和重建的产品），再循环（如回收原料）和/或安全处置（如产品，始终尊重他们的废料管理的环境法规危险废物）（见图2）。最后，在的RGVE解散，产出可以采取两种途径（一）输出结束寿命的制造，这些都是直接使用（再使用）再制造和/或选择将流程再造立即返回，如果可能的话，主动提出以供应网络内的GVBE（架FGVES）输入或将要在资产GVBE袋放在为未来的FGVES输入，和/或（B）安全选定这些产出处置可能引发新的GVE形成的危险废物处置做法专业（见图23）。
