1、(a) 把y = f(x)的圖像向上平移k單位。,y = f(x),y = f(x)+k,k單位,平移,即圖像上的每點的y坐標,加上k。,所得圖像所表示的函數為,y = f(x),+k,上加,(b) 把y = f(x)的圖像向下平移k單位。,y = f(x),y = f(x)k,k單位,平移,即圖像上的每點的y坐標,減去k。,所得圖像所表示的函數為,y = f(x),k,下減,y = f(x ),(c) 把y = f(x)的圖像向左平移h單位。,平移,y1 = y2,,x1 = x2+h,所得圖像所表示的函數為,y = f(x),+h,左加,y = f(x),(x1 , y1),(x2 , y
2、2), y1 = f(x1), y2 = f(x2 +h),y = f(x+h),k單位,(d) 把y = f(x)的圖像向右平移h單位。,平移,y1 = y2,,x1 = x2h,所得圖像所表示的函數為,y = f(x),右減,y = f(x),(x1 , y1),(x2 , y2), y1 = f(x1), y2 = f(x2 h),y = f(x ),h,y = f(xh),k單位,(a) 把y = f(x)的圖像沿x軸反射。,y = f(x),y = f(x),反射,即圖像上的每點的y坐標,正負號顛倒。,所得圖像所表示的函數為,y = f(x),y = f(x),(b) 把y = f(
3、x)的圖像沿y軸反射。,y = f(x),y = f(x),反射,即圖像上的每點的x坐標,正負號顛倒。,所得圖像所表示的函數為,y = f(x),y = f( x),伸縮,(a) 把y = f(x)的圖像垂直伸縮。,(i) 垂直伸展至原來的k1倍,其中k11。,y = f(x),y = f(x),即圖像上的每點的y坐標,乘以k1。,所得圖像所表示的函數為,k1,y = f(x),y = k1f(x),k11,伸縮,(a) 把y = f(x)的圖像垂直伸縮。,(ii) 垂直收縮至原來的k2,其中0k21。,y = f(x),y = f(x),即圖像上的每點的y坐標,乘以k2。,所得圖像所表示的函
4、數為,y = f(x),k2,y = k2f(x),0k21,伸縮,(b) 把y = f(x)的圖像水平伸縮。,y = f(k1x),k11,y = f(x),(x1 , y1),(x2 , y2),y1 = y2,,x1 = k1x2, y1 = f(x1), y2 = f(k1x2),所得圖像所表示,k1,y = f( x),y = f(x),的函數為,伸縮,(b) 把y = f(x)的圖像水平伸縮。,y = f(k2x),0k21,y = f(x),(x1 , y1),(x2 , y2),y1 = y2,,x1 = k2x2, y1 = f(x1), y2 = f(k2x2),y = f( x),k2,y = f(x),所得圖像所表示,的函數為,伸縮,(b) 把y = f(x)的圖像水平伸縮。,極大 (小) 值保持不變。,y = f(k1x),k11,y = f(x),y = f(k2x),0k21,伸展,收縮,上加,下減,左加,右減,函數的變換巧記Tips:,