1、（20_届）本科毕业设计英语中美身势语的比较ACOMPARISONBETWEENCHINESEANDAMERICANBODYLANGUAGEI摘要语言是一种交流工具，但是起辅助作用的身势语在人类交流中也起着不可忽视的作用。身势语又称体态语，是人类交际中最常见的一种非语言交际手段。身势语对话语意义起着不可低估的作用，如补充，强调，表情，象征或替代作用。身势语同语言一样，都是文化的一部分。在不同文化中，身势语的意义并不完全相同。各个民族有不同的非语言交际方式。了解英汉身势语的不同文化内涵，有助于中西国家的人民之间更好地交流，增进感情与心态的理解。本文着重分析中美身势语的差异，就具体的手势、姿势、面
2、部表情和眼神等进行了对比分析和论证。通过对中美身势语的比较研究，帮助人们尊重理解中美文化的差异，提高跨文化交际能力，从而促进有效交流，避免误解。关键词身势语；文化差异；跨文化交际；IIABSTRACTASACOMMUNICATIVETOOL,BODYLANGUAGEISVERYIMPORTANTINMANYSITUATIONSBODYLANGUAGEISALSOCALLEDKINESICSWHICHBELONGSTOTHESCOPEOFNONVERBALCOMMUNICATIONBUTINDIFFERENTCULTURES,BODYLANGUAGEMEANSTHEDIFFERENTTHINGS
3、DIFFERENTPEOPLEHAVEDIFFERENTWAYSOFMAKINGNONVERBALCOMMUNICATIONBODYLANGUAGEPLAYSANIMPORTANTROLEINUTTERANCEMEANINGSUCHASSUPPLEMENT，ACCENTING，EXPRESSION，SYMBOLORSUBSTITUTEUNDERSTANDINGTHEDIFFERENTCULTURALIMPLICATIONOFENGLISHANDCHINESEBODYLANGUAGECANPROMOTEPEOPLESCROSSCULTURALCOMMUNICATIONCOMPETENCE,REI
4、NFORCETHEHEARTTOHEARTUNDERSTANDINGANDINTHEENDWILLBENEFITTHECOMMUNICATIONBETWEENEASTERNERSANDWESTERNERSTHISTHESISINTENDSTOSTUDYTHECULTURALDIFFERENCESINBODYLANGUAGEBETWEENCHINESEANDAMERICANCULTURES,ANDGIVESEXAMPLESOFBODYLANGUAGEDIFFERENCESINCHINAANDAMERICARANGINGFROMGESTURES,POSTURES,FACIALEXPRESSIONS
5、ANDEYECONTACTSWECANUNDERSTANDTHECULTUREDIFFERENCESTHROUGHCOMPARATIVESTUDYOFBODYLANGUAGESBETWEENTWOCOUNTRIES,ANDREACHTHEAIMOFCOMMUNICATIONEFFECTIVELYANDSUCCESSFULLY,ANDTHENWECANAVOIDMISUNDERSTANDINGKEYWORDSBODYLANGUAGECULTURALDIFFERENCECROSSCULTURALCOMMUNICATIONIIICONTENTSABSTRACTII1INTRODUCTION111DE
6、FINITIONSOFBODYLANGUAGEANDCULTUREDIFFERENCE112THERELATIONSHIPSBETWEENBODYLANGUAGEANDCULTURE213SIGNIFICANCEOFBODYLANGUAGE22LITERATUREREVIEW23SIMILARITIESOFBODYLANGUAGE44DIFFERENCESOFBODYLANGUAGE441GESTURES5411SAMEGESTURES,DIFFERENTMEANING5412DIFFERENTGESTURES,SAMEMEANING6413GESTURESANDMEANINGINONECUL
7、TURE642POSTURES643FACIALEXPRESSIONS744EYECONTACTS85CONCLUSION9BIBLIOGRAPHY10ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS1111INTRODUCTIONINMODERNSOCIETY,MOSTCOUNTRIESINTHEWORLDCOMMUNICATEWITHEACHOTHERFREQUENTLYTHEWORLDISBECOMINGSMALLERANDSMALLER,WHICHHASBECOMEAGLOBALVILLAGEWEAREBENEFICIALFROMCROSSCULTURALCONNECTIONINTERCULTURAL
8、COMMUNICATIONISTHEPROCESSOFCOMMUNICATIONBETWEENPEOPLEFROMDIFFERENTCULTURALBACKGROUNDSITCANBEDIVIDEDINTOTWOTYPESVERBALCOMMUNICATIONANDNONVERBALCOMMUNICATIONPEOPLECANCOMMUNICATEWITHONEANOTHERNOTONLYTHROUGHVERBALCOMMUNICATIONBUTALSOTHROUGHNONVERBALCOMMUNICATIONMOREOVER,THELATTERPLAYSANESSENTIALROLEANDM
9、AINLYEXPRESSESREALEMOTIONANDATTITUDETHROUGHFACIALEXPRESSION,POSTURE,EYEBEHAVIOR,SOUND,ETCWHENWESPEAK,WEUSEMUCHMORETHANJUSTWORDSWEALSOCOMMUNICATEWITHOURFACE,OURHANDS,ANDEVENOUROWNBODIESTHISKINDOFCOMMUNICATIONCANBECALLEDBODYLANGUAGEORNONVERBALCOMMUNICATIONBODYLANGUAGEISTHEUNSPOKENCOMMUNICATIONTHATGOES
10、ONINEVERYFACETOFACEENCOUNTERWITHANOTHERHUMANBEINGBODYLANGUAGEISWIDELYUSED,IFWEIGNORETHEIMPORTANCEOFBODYLANGUAGECOMMUNICATION,THEMISUNDERSTANDINGANDCULTURALCRASHOFTENOCCURSINTHECROSSCULTURALCOMMUNICATIONAPSYCHOLOGISTPROPOSEDAFORMULATHETOTALIMPACTOFMESSAGE7VERBAL38VOCAL55FACIALEXPRESSIONSANDBEHAVIORXU
11、XIAODAN,200489ITISCLEARWITHOUTBODYLANGUAGETHATWECANTFINISHOURINFORMATIONALEXCHANGEBODYLANGUAGE,LIKEVERBALLANGUAGECANEXPRESSEMOTIONS,EXCHANGEIDEASANDDELIVERINFORMATIONSOWEMUSTKNOWTHECULTURALDIFFERENCESOFBODYLANGUAGETOACHIEVEEFFICIENTCOMMUNICATION11DEFINITIONSOFBODYLANGUAGEANDCULTUREDIFFERENCENONVERBA
12、LCOMMUNICATIONISAPROCESSINWHICHCOMMUNICATORSUSETHENATURALFEATURESOFTHEIRBODIESTODELIVERINFORMATIONANDEXPRESSSPECIFICMEANINGINSTINCTIVELYTOTHEOTHERCOMMUNICATORTHESTUDYOFNONVERBALCOMMUNICATIONCOVERSTHREEMAJORPARTSPROXEMICS,KINESICSORBODYLANGUAGE,ANDPARALANGUAGEKINESICSISALSOCALLEDBODYLANGUAGE,WHICHSTU
13、DIESTHEMEANINGSOFTHEMOVEMENTOFALLPARTSOFBODYANDITINCLUDESMANYNONVERBALBEHAVIORSSUCHASEYELANGUAGE,GESTURES,POSTURES,FACIALEXPRESSIONS,TOUCHANDSOONCULTUREISACONCEPTIONWHICHINCLUDESTHEMATERIALFORTUNEANDSPIRITFORTUNECULTUREDIFFERENCEISTHEDIFFERENCEOFTHECONVICTIONANDCONFORMITYINCROSSCULTUREFORMANDPATTERN
14、CULTURE,WHICHHASSPECIALRACIALCHARACTER,ISTHECREATIONOFDIFFERENTPEOPLEINPARTICULARLYHISTORICALANDGEOGRAPHICALENVIRONMENTTHEESSENCEOFLANGUAGEEXCHANGEISTHEEXCHANGEOFCULTURE12THERELATIONSHIPSBETWEENBODYLANGUAGEANDCULTURELIKEVERBALLANGUAGE,BODYLANGUAGEISALSOAPARTOFCULTURETHESAMEBODYLANGUAGEALSOHAS2GREATD
15、IFFERENCEINDIFFERENTCULTUREBACKGROUNDSOBEFORELEARNINGANDSTUDYINGBODYLANGUAGEPEOPLEMUSTUNDERSTANDTHEIMPORTANTRELATIONSHIPSBETWEENBODYLANGUAGEANDCULTUREININTERCOMMUNICATIONBECAUSEBOTHBODYLANGUAGEANDCULTUREAREPASSEDFROMONEGENERATIONTOTHENEXTGENERATIONNATURALLYBODYLANGUAGEANDCULTUREAREINSEPARABLE,THEFOR
16、MINGOFBODYLANGUAGEISDECIDEDBYACERTAINCULTUREBACKGROUND,THERELATIONSHIPSBETWEENTHEMISCLOSEANDCOMPLICATEDPEOPLEALWAYSPAYMOREATTENTIONANDSHOWMORESENSIBILITYTOTHEOTHERCOUNTRIESBODYLANGUAGETHANTOTHEIROWNTHEMISTAKEOFBODYLANGUAGEWOULDLEADTOMORESERIOUSCONFLICTSIFTHESPEAKERSSPEAKOTHERCOUNTRYSLANGUAGEFREQUENT
17、LYWHILEUSEIMPROPERBODYLANGUAGE,ITMEANSTHEYBRINGABOUTMORESERIOUSMISTAKEBECAUSEBODYLANGUAGESTANDSFORMOTIONEXPRESSION13SIGNIFICANCEOFBODYLANGUAGEBODYLANGUAGECOMMUNICATIONISVERYIMPORTANTINPEOPLESCOMMUNICATIONWHENWETALKWITHOTHERPEOPLE,WECANLEAVEFIRSTIMPRESSIONSBYUSINGBODYLANGUAGEWEALWAYSJUDGEAPERSONCOMIN
18、GFROMNONVERBALINFORMATION,ESPECIALLYBODYLANGUAGEWECHOOSEAPARTNERISBASEDONTHEPEOPLEWHOGIVEUSTHEFIRSTIMPRESSIONFOREXAMPLE,ITISSAIDTHATFALLINLOVEATFIRSTSIGHTWHETHERWECANHAVEALONGTERMASSOCIATIONWITHOTHERPERSONISBASEDONTHEFIRSTIMPRESSIONBODYLANGUAGEISSOIMPORTANTTHATSOMEPEOPLETHINKOFBODYLANGUAGEASEQUALTON
19、ONVERBALCOMMUNICATIONMOREANDMOREPEOPLEREALIZETHEIMPORTANCEOFBODYLANGUAGECOMMUNICATIONOURFEELINGSARESHOWEDINOURGESTURE,POSTURE,FACIALEXPRESSIONANDEYECONTACTITCANBEHAPPY,SAD,ANDANXIOUSANDANGERANDSOONTHEREFORE,WECANSHOWOURATTITUDEANDEXPRESSOURSELVESWITHOUTSPEAKINGANYTHINGITISWELLKNOWNTHATNONVERBALACTIO
20、NSHAVECLOSECONNECTIONWITHCULTUREPEOPLEMAYUNDERSTANDTHEBODYLANGUAGEINCORRECTLY,BECAUSEPEOPLEOFDIFFERENTBEHAVIORSWHOSENDTHESAMEMESSAGEWITHDIFFERENTGESTURESOFTHEBODYTHEREFOREITISHIGHLYNECESSARYTOMAKECROSSCULTURALSTUDIESOFTHEBODYLANGUAGE2LITERATUREREVIEWMANYRESEARCHERSDEVOTETHEMSELVESTODOINGRESEARCHFORB
21、ODYLANGUAGE,BECAUSEITPLAYSALEADINGROLEINPEOPLECOMMUNICATIONCHINESERESEARCHERSHAVEMADEALOTOFCONTRIBUTIONTOBODYLANGUAGECHINESESTUDYONBODYLANGUAGEORIGINATEDINTHE1970SANDPROSPEREDINTHE1980SGENGERLINGINTRODUCESTHETYPICALWORKSOFBODYLANGUAGEIN1988,LIURUNQINGANDDENGYANCHANGSWORKLANGUAGEANDCULTURE1989,PRACTI
22、CALBODYLANGUAGEEDITEDBYFANYUNHUAANDLIJIEQUN1991HUWENZHONGWROTEANDTRANSLATEDSOMEINTERCULTURALCOMMUNICATIONWHICHNAMEDASINTRODUCTIONTOINTERCULTURALCOMMUNICATIONIN1999,ETC3THEAUTHOROFTHISTHESISHASALSOMADEASURVEYONCHINASACADEMICPERIODICALNETWORKTHERESULTISINTHESECTIONOFARTSSCIENCEANDGENERALEDUCATIONANDSO
23、CIALSCIENCEFROM1994TO2008,THEAUTHORHASHIT79PAPERSALTOGETHERBYTYPING体态语OR身势语BODYLANGUAGEASKEYWORDSAND7PAPERSALTOGETHERBYTYPING体态语,文化差异BODYLANGUAGE,CULTURALDIFFERENCEASKEYWORDSINADDITION,CHINESERESEARCHERSINVESTIGATIONONBODYLANGUAGECANBEDIVIDEDINTOTWODIVISIONSONEISCULTURALDIFFERENCES,THEOTHERISCOMMUNI
24、CATIVEFUNCTIONSSOMERESEARCHERSOFTHEPREVIOUSDIVISIONCONCENTRATEONTHECONSEQUENCEOFUSINGBODYLANGUAGEINOURCOMMUNICATINGWITHOTHERS,THATISTOSAY,HOWTOMAKETHECOMMUNICATIONEASYBYUSINGTHEBODYLANGUAGESOMEOTHERSCHOLARSESPECIALLYTEACHERS,PAYMOREATTENTIONTOHOWTOMAKETHEIRCLASSMOREEFFECTIVEANDINTERESTINGBYUSINGCERT
25、AINBODYLANGUAGES,ORTEACHERSAWARENESSOFTHEIRNONVERBALBEHAVIORSINTHECLASSROOMHELPTHEMBECOMEMOREPROFICIENTATRECEIVINGSTUDENTSMESSAGESASWELLASSENDINGACCURATEMESSAGESSCHOLARS,WHOMAKETHESTUDYOFTHECULTURALDIFFERENCEOFBODYLANGUAGESWECANGETACONCLUSIONTHATCULTURALDIFFERENCESOFBODYLANGUAGE,ASBARRIERSTOINTERCUL
26、TURALCOMMUNICATION,MOREANDMORESCHOLARSAREPAYINGMOREATTENTIONTOITWHILEINWESTERNCOUNTRY,THERESEARCHONNONVERBALBEHAVIOROCCURREDINTHE1950SKNAPPANDHALLINDICATEDTHESEANTHROPOLOGISTSWERERESPONSIBLEFORTAKINGSOMEOFTHEPRINCIPLESOFLINGUISTICANDAPPLYINGTHEMTONONVERBALPHENOMENA,PROVIDINGNEWLABELSFORTHESTUDYOFBOD
27、YMOVEMENTSKINESICSALOTOFBOOKSONBODYLANGUAGEHAVEINTHEAREAOFSOCIOLOGYANDANTHROPOLOGYTHEDEFINITIONOFKINESICSINTRODUCEDBYBIRDWHISTELINHISBOOKNAMEDINTRODUCTIONTOKINESICSIN1952ITREFERSTOTHESCIENTIFICSTUDYOFTHEBODYLANGUAGE,ANDITSAIMISTOFORMHUMANSACTIONSANDBODYBEHAVIORS,FINALLYWECANSTUDYSYSTEMATICALLYTHEREL
28、ATIONSHIPBETWEENNONVERBALBODYMOVEMENTSANDCOMMUNICATIONBODYLANGUAGEINTRODUCEDBYAMERICANANTHROPOLOGISTIN1970DISCUSSEDTHECOMMUNICATIVEMEANINGSANDFUNCTIONSOFBODYLANGUAGECOMPLETELYTHERESEARCHERSNAMEDASRAYBIRDWHISTELLINTHEEARLY1970SSHOWEDTHATMOREANDMOREHUMANCOMMUNICATIONAPPEAREDBYTHEUSEOFGESTURESANDPOSTUR
29、ESTHANBYANYOFMEANSNOMATTERWHATEVERCULTURE,WORDSANDMOVEMENTSTOOKPLACETOGETHERHETOLDUSHOWTOKNOWWHATKINDOFLANGUAGETHEPEOPLEARETALKINGABOUT,JUSTBYTHEUSEOFWATCHINGHISGESTURESINTHE1980SMOREANDMOREPEOPLEPAIDMOREATTENTIONTORECOGNIZINGTHEVARIOUSWAYSBODYACTIONSWORKED,SOTHEYCANACHIEVECOMMONCOMMUNICATIVEAIMSTHA
30、TISTOSAY,THEYTRIEDTOPUTEFFORTONTHECOMMUNICATIONTHERESEARCHONBODYLANGUAGEHASBECOMEALARGEPARTOFTHESYSTEMOFINTERCULTURALCOMMUNICATION,BECAUSEITPLAYSANIMPORTANTROLEINCOMMUNICATIONANDITSCULTURALVARIATIONSOWINGTOCULTURALDIFFERENCES,THESAMEBODYLANGUAGEHASDIFFERENT4MEANINGSANDCOMMUNICATIVEFUNCTIONS,WHICHCAU
31、SESALOTOFTROUBLEININTERCULTURALCOMMUNICATIONTHEREFORE,ININTERCULTURALCOMMUNICATION,ITISOFGREATIMPORTANCEFORUSTOUNDERSTANDTHEBODYLANGUAGE3SIMILARITIESOFBODYLANGUAGEBETWEENCHINESEANDAMERICANTHOUGHDIFFERENTCULTURESRESULTINDIFFERENTBODYLANGUAGES,THEYALSOHAVECOMMONFEATURESFOREXAMPLE,CHAPLIN,MASTEROFCOMED
32、Y,WASVERYPOPULARWITHPEOPLEALLOVERTHEWORLDBECAUSEOFHISHUMOROUSBEHAVIORINTHESILENTFILMSDURING1920SAND1930SCHARLESDARWININHISBOOKEMOTIONALEXPRESSIONOFHUMANANDANIMALSDISCUSSEDWHETHERTHESAMEEXPRESSIONSANDPOSTURESSUGGESTEDTHESAMEMEANINGBOTHFORHUMANANDANIMALSANDHEASKEDPEOPLEALLAROUNDTHEWORLDANDCOLLECTEDTHE
33、IRPOSSIBLEREPLIESSURPRISINGLY,THEANSWERSWEREALMOSTSAME,ESPECIALLYONFACIALEXPRESSIONSHEADINGNODDINGOFTENMEANSAGREEMENTORGREETINGINMOSTCOUNTRIESANDSHAKINGONESHEADOFTENMEANSDISAGREEMENTORNOAPPLAUDINGMEANSAPPRECIATIONORAGREEMENTANDSOONIFAPERSONISHURT,HE/SHEWILLCRYTOEXPRESSPAINFULNESSANDWESMILEWHENAREHAP
34、PYWAVINGONESHANDMEANSGOODBYEEVENSOMECHINESEANDENGLISHEXPRESSIONSANDTHEIRMEANINGSARETOTALLYTHESAMEFOREXAMPLE,PATTINGONTHEBACKMEANSENCOURAGEMENTANDAPPRECIATIONPULLINGALONGFACEINDICATESUNHAPPINESSANDANGERBEINGALLSMILEMEANSHAPPINESS,STANDINGWITHFOLDEDARMSMEANSINDIFFERENCEANDSOONTODAY,THECOMMUNICATIONBET
35、WEENTHEEASTANDTHEWESTBECOMEMOREANDMOREFREQUENTANDTHECHANCEFORTHEMINGLINGOFECONOMYANDCULTUREINCREASETHEWORDTHEGLOBALVILLAGEISUSEDTODESCRIBETHEWORLDWHICHBECOMESCLOSERANDNARROWERINTHISNARROWANDCLOSEWORLD,THECULTURALCONNOTATIONBETWEENENGLISHANDCHINESEBECOMESMORESIMILARONONEHAND,THECONNOTATIONOFEASTERNBO
36、DYLANGUAGEENROLLSTHEONEOFTHEWESTINENGLISHCULTURE,THEGESTUREOFGETTINGALIFT,THEGESTUREVTOEXPRESSTHESUCCESS,THESHRUGTOEXPRESSTHEDOUBTANDNEGATION,THEGESTUREOKTOEXPRESSTHEAGREEMENTANDOTHERBODYLANGUAGEAREFAMILIARIZED,ACCEPTEDANDUSEDBYCHINESE4DIFFERENCESOFBODYLANGUAGEBETWEENCHINESEANDAMERICAN41GESTURESGEST
37、URESARECONNECTEDWITHMOVINGOFHANDS，ORARMSTOSTRENGTHENAVERBALINFORMATIONWITHOUTGESTURES,OURWORLDWILLBESTATICANDCOLORLESSGESTURESAREBOTHINNATEANDLEARNEDTHEYAREUSEDINALLCULTURES,TENDTOBETIEDTOSPEECHPROCESSES,ANDAREUSUALLYAUTOMATIC5HOWEVER,ITMUSTBEEMPHASIZEDHERETHATGESTURESVARYINMEANINGFROMCULTURETOCULTU
38、REAWRONGINTERPRETATIONOFAGESTURECANAROUSEQUITEUNEXPECTEDREACTIONS411SAMEGESTURES,DIFFERENTMEANINGBOTHINCHINAANDINTHEUS,THEREAREMANYGESTURESWITHTHESAMEMEANING,BUTCONVEYINGADIFFERENTMEANINGTHETHUMBANDFOREFINGERINACIRCLEGESTURE,ISAFRIENDLYONEINAMERICA,WHILEHASADIFFERENTMEANINGINCHINAITISWORTHZEROINTHEU
39、S,PEOPLEWISHGOODLUCKTOONEANOTHEROREVENTOTHEMSELVESBYUSINGTHEGESTURECROSSINGTHEMIDDLEFINGEROVERTHEINDEXFINGEROFTHESAMEHANDHOWEVER,ITISASYMBOLOFTHENUMBER10INCHINADURINGASPEECH,THESPEAKERORPERFORMERCLAPSATTHESAMETIMEWHENTHEAUDIENCESAPPLAUDINCHINA,THISGESTURECONVEYSTHEMUTUALPOSITIVEFEELINGSBYEACHOTHEROR
40、MEANSTHANKYOUBUTINAMERICA,ITISIMPROPERANDIMMODESTFORONESPEAKERORPERFORMERTODOLIKETHAT412DIFFERENTGESTURES,SAMEMEANINGTHEREAREALOTOFSAMEMEANINGS,WHICHARESHOWEDBYDIFFERENTGESTURESINCHINAANDAMERICAWHENTHECHINESEWANTTOEXPRESSSHAMEONYOUASEMIJOKINGGESTURE,THEYUSEFOREFINGEROFONEHANDEXTENDED,ANDSLIDINGOVERO
41、NESOWNFACESEVERALTIMESQUICKLY,WHICHISSIMILARTOSCRATCHINGBUTINTHEUS,PEOPLEUSEFOREFINGEROFEACHHANDEXTENDED,PALMSDOWNINFRONTOFONESBODY,ANDONEFOREFINGERMAKESSEVERALBRUSHINGMOVEMENTSOVERTHEBACKOFTHEOTHERFOREFINGERTOGIVETHISMEANINGWANGZHENYA,199989ANOTHERINSTANCE,IMVERYFULL,AFTERAMEAL,INCHINA,ONEORBOTHHAN
42、DSOPEN,LIGHTLYPATTINGONESOWNSTOMACHINUS,HANDRAISEDTOTHROAT,FINGERSEXTENDED,PALMDOWNOFTENWITHTHEREMARKIMFULLUPTOHERE413GESTURESANDMEANINGINONECULTURETHEREARESOMEGESTURESEXISTEDINONLYONECULTUREFORINSTANCE,INORDERTOSHOWTHEIRUNEASINESSANDCONCERN,AMERICANPEOPLETENDTOTURNTHEIRFINGERTINGSWHILEITISNOTEXISTE
43、DINCHINAFOREXAMPLE,INCHINA,TOUCHINGORPOINTINGTOTIPOFONESOWNNOSEWITHRAISEFOREFINGER,MEANSITSMEORIMTHEONE,BUTINAMERICA,THEGESTURESWOULDSEEMSLIGHTLYFUNNYINTHEUNITEDSTATES,WAGGINGONESFINGERMEANSWARNINGNOTTODOSOMETHINGORINDICATINGTHATWHATTHEOTHERPERSONISDOINGISWRONGTHEREAREALSOALOTOFGESTURESWHICHAREUNIQU
44、ETOCHINAFORINSTANCE,INORDERTOSHOWCONFIDENTIALITYANDSECRECY,SOMETIMESTHECHINESEUSEANOPENHANDTOCOVERONESMOUTHWHILESPEAKINGGENERALLYUSEDBYOLDERPEOPLEUSINGBOTHHANDSWHENONEWOULDBEENOUGHINOFFERINGSOMETHINGTOAVISITORORANOTHERPERSONTOSHOWTHEIRRESPECTWHENONESTEACUPISBEINGREFILLEDBYTHEHOSTORHOSTESS,INNORTHOFC
45、HINAPEOPLEPUTONEORBOTHHANDSUPRIGHT,PALMOPEN,BESIDETHECUPTOTELLTHANKYOU,WHILEINSOUTHOFCHINA,6PEOPLEKNOCKONTHETABLENEARTHECUPTOCONVEYTHISMEANINGIFONEWANTSTOGIVETHEMEANINGOFBOYANDGIRLINLOVEORAGOODMATCH,THEYUSETHEGESTUREUPRAISEDFOREFINGEROFEACHHANDCOMINGTOGETHERINFRONTOFTHEBODYUNTILTHETWOMATCHES42POSTUR
46、ESPOSTUREISAMATTEROFHOWPEOPLESIT,WALK,STANDANDMOVEWHATKINDOFPOSTUREPEOPLEUSEALSOCANREFLECTTHECULTURALDIFFERENCESBETWEENEASTANDWESTHEWESPOINTEDOUTCULTUREMOSTLYDETERMINEDWHATKINDOFPOSTURESPEOPLEUSEANDTHEMEANINGANDEMOTIONTHEYSUGGESTEDHUANGHONGXIA,200035POSTURECANDEMONSTRATETHATCULTUREISCONNECTEDWITHSOC
47、IALPOSITIONACCORDINGTOCHINESETRADITION,PEOPLEWHOARESITTINGHAVERIGHTTOTAKECHARGEOFOTHERSMONARCHSITSANDOFFICERSTANDSFATHERSITSANDSONSTANDSLEADERSITSANDEMPLOYEESTANDSANDSOONSOTHEYOUNGERGIVETHEOLDASEATTOSHOWRESPECTBUTINTHEUS,PEOPLEWHOAREINCHARGEOFOTHERSHAVETENDENCYTOSTANDTHEYWILLMAKEUSEOFTHEHEIGHTOFSPAC
48、ETOINDICATETHEHIGHSTATUSPEOPLEWHOHAVEHIGHSTATUSCHOOSETOSITWHENTHEYARECONVERSINGWITHYOU,WHICHMEANTHEYWANTTOCREATEHARMONIOUSANDEQUALATMOSPHEREANDLESSENSPACESOADULTSWILLBENDDOWNWHENTHEYARETALKINGTOCHILDRENFROYDONCESAIDNOONECANREALLYKEEPSECRETIFHEDOESNOTTALKANDKEEPSILENT,HEWILLTALKWITHHISFINGERSINAWHOLE
49、,PARTOFHISBODYWILLSELLHIMOUTZHANGJIANQING,200436INFACT,THISSTATEMENTINDICATESTHATPEOPLESPOSTURES,ATTITUDEANDOTHERBODYLANGUAGECANDELIVERMOREHIDDENINFORMATIONPEOPLEMAYCONTROLTHEIRFACIALEXPRESSIONSSUCCESSFULLYANDAPPEARCALMBUTTHEYDONOTREALIZETHATHISNERVOUSNESSANDEAGERNESSHAVELETOUTFROMHISBODYLANGUAGETHEIRFEETMAYBESTAMPINGONTHEFLOORMADNESSISTHEEMOTIONTHATMAYLETOUTFROMOURFEETANDLEGSASWEKNOW,AMERICANSAREINFORMALTEACHERSCANSITONTHEPLATFORMORDESKWHENTHEYARETEACHINGANDTHESTUDENTSNEEDNTTOSITSTRAIGHTBUTINCHINA,PEOPLEAREREQUIREDTOHAVEAGOODMANNERFORE
