浅析中英文国家的肢体语言间的差异【毕业论文】.doc

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1、I(20_届)本科毕业设计英语浅析中英文国家的肢体语言间的差异ABERIFANALYSISONTHEDIFFERENCESOFBODYLANGUAGESINCHINAANDENGLISHSPEAKINGCOUNTRIESII摘要肢体语言(BODYLANGUAGE)是人类语言的一部分,同时也是非语言交际的重要组成部分,其与地方文化紧密相连。作为英语专业的学生,学习语言的语法和词汇固然是相当重要的,但是学习与英语国家相关的文化如肢体语言也不可忽视。肢体语言是指能够传递某种特定信息的面部表情、手势语及其他身体部位动作。它的重要性主要体现在它的信息传递性上。然而由于地域,种族和文化习俗的差异,不同肢体

2、语言可能有相同的意思,同一种肢体语言有着不同的差异。本文是主要探讨中西方不同文化差异所隐含的肢体语言含义的差异,通过此文,我们能更深入地了解西方文化,从而更好地促进我们的语言学习。关键词肢体语言文化差异差异原因IIIABSTRACTBODYLANGUAGEISNOTONLYAPARTOFHUMANLANGUAGE,BUTALSOANIMPORTANTPARTOFNONVERBALCOMMUNICATION,WHICHISCLOSELYRELATEDTOTHELOCALCULTUREASANENGLISHMAJORSTUDENT,STUDYINGGRAMMARSANDVOCABULARIESAR

3、EOBVIOUSLYIMPORTANT,BUTLEARNINGTHECULTUREASSOCIATEDWITHENGLISHSPEAKINGCOUNTRIESSUCHASBODYLANGUAGECANALSONOTBEIGNOREDBODYLANGUAGEISSOMETHINGLIKEFACIALEXPRESSIONS,SIGNLANGUAGESANDOTHERPARTOFBODYMOVEMENTSWHICHCANTRANSFERSPECIFICINFORMATIONTHEIMPORTANCEOFBODYLANGUAGEISREFLECTEDINITSINFORMATIONDELIVERYHO

4、WEVER,ASTOTHEDIFFERENCESOFGEOGRAPHIC,RACIALANDCULTURES,DIFFERENTBODYLANGUAGESMAYHAVETHESAMEMEANASWELLASSAMEBODYLANGUAGEMAYHASDIFFERENTMEANINGSTHISESSAYISABOUTTHEDIFFERENTBODYLANGUAGESIMPLIEDINCHINAANDENGLISHSPEAKINGCOUNTIESGETTINGACROSSTHISPAPER,WECANUNDERSTANDENGLISHSPEAKERSCULTUREDEEPLY,SOASTOPROM

5、OTEOURLANGUAGELEARNINGKEYWORDSBODYLANGUAGECULTUREDIFFERENCESFACTORSLEADINGTODIFFERENCESCONTENT中文摘要IABSTRACTI1INTRODUCTION111THEDEFINITIONOFBODYLANGUAGE112THEIMPORTANCEOFSTUDYINGBODYLANGUAGE113THERESEARCHPURPOSE12THEWAYSTOEXPRESSTHEDIFFERENCES221THESAMEBODYLANGUAGEHASDIFFERENTMEANS3211SMILE3212EYECON

6、NECT322THEDIFFERENTBODYLANGUAGESHAVETHESAMEMEANING4221FINGERLANGUAGE4222MEETINGETIQUETTE43FACTORSLEADINGTOTHEDIFFERENCES531RELIGIOUSBELIEVES532LIFESTYLES733HISTORIES84CONCLUSION8BIBLIOGRAPHY10ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS1INTRODUCTION11THEDEFINITIONOFBODYLANGUAGEWHENITCOMESTOSUCCESS,TALENT,CHARACTER,ABILITYANDOT

7、HERFACTORSAREALWAYSREGARDEDASTHENECESSARYCONDITIONSINVARIABLYHOWEVER,ONEOFTHEMOSTIMPORTANTELEMENTSBODYLANGUAGEISIGNOREDTOHUMANBEINGS,BODYLANGUAGEISTHEEXPRESSEROFTHESOULSASHAREOFMOODSWINGWILLBEREPRESENTEDBYBODYLANGUAGETHROUGHSOUNDLESSMELODYEVERYSIMILAREYEEXPRESSION,GESTUREANDMOVEMENTDEDUCESTHEINTERPR

8、ETATIONOFPEOPLESINNERWORLDLANGUAGEISTHEUNIQUETALENTANDACQUISITIONSYSTEMFORHUMANBEINGSITISASYSTEMOFSOUNDSYMBOLANDTEXTMESSAGEASWELLASTHESYSTEMOFLOGICALSYMBOLANDRULESSYMBOLLANGUAGEISATOOLFORCOMMUNICATION,THINKINGANDCOGNITION,THECARRIEROFCULTUREANDINFORMATIONTHEFEATURESOFLANGUAGEAREUNIVERSALANDDIVERSITY

9、,LIMITEDANDGENERATION,ARBITRARINESSANDCONVENTION,STABILITYANDVARIABILITY,ECONOMYANDNORMALIZATION,OPENNESSANDDEVELOPMENT,HUMANITIESANDSOCIALORGANIZATION(PANWENGUO,2001)BODYLANGUAGEASAPARTOFLANGUAGEHASTHESAMECHARACTERISTICSWITHLANGUAGEMEANWHILEITHASITSOWNONESTHEDEFINITIONOFBODYLANGUAGEBODYLANGUAGEALSO

10、CALLEDNONVERBALCOMMUNICATIONMEANSTOSHOWACERTAINSENSETHROUGHNONVERBALCOMMUNICATIONSUCHASFACIALEXPRESSIONS,GESTURES,STANDINGS,SITTINGSANDSPATIALDISTANCESJIANGYANG,2007BODYLANGUAGEHASTHECHARACTERISTICSWHICHCONTAINTHEAMOUNTOFINFORMATION,CONTINUITYANDSTRONGCHANGEABILITYANDHIGHRELIABILITYBODYLANGUAGEINTHE

11、EXCHANGEOFCOMMUNICATIONCANBEMULTIFACETEDANDMULTILEVELASLONGASTWOSIDESOFCOMMUNICATIONAREWITHINTHEAUDIOVISUAL,THEEXCHANGEOFINFORMATIONISALWAYSPASSEDTHROUGHBODIESMOSTOFBODYLANGUAGEARESHOWEDUNDERUNCONSCIOUSSTATES,SOTHEYARETHEMANIFESTATIONOFONESTHINKINGANDLESSFAKE,WHICHENHANCETHEAUTHENTICITYANDRELIABILIT

12、Y12THEIMPORTANCEOFSTUDYINGBODYLANGUAGELONGBEFOREAMILLIONYEARS,WHENSPOKENENGLISHHASNOTBEENBROUGHTYET,BODYLANGUAGEPLAYSANIMPORTANTROLEINPEOPLESLIFENOMATTERINTHEIRCOOPERATIVEOFCAPTURINGPREY,INTHEMOTHERSFEEDINGTHEBABY,INTEACHINGEXPERIENCEANDCATCHINGFIRE,THEHUMANBODYLANGUAGEACHIEVESTHEGRATEPLACEEVENAFTER

13、THECOMINGOFSPOKENLANGUAGE,BODYLANGUAGESTILLACHIEVESANIMPORTANTROLEAMOTHERSHOULDFEELTHENEEDOFHERBABYTHROUGHBODYLANGUAGEUNDERTHECIRCUMSTANCEOFKNOWINGLITTLELOCALLANGUAGEINTHESTRANGEAFRICANSAVANNAH,APEOPLECANSTILLASKFORHELPTHROUGHOUTHISBODYLANGUAGEACCORDINGTOALBERTMEILABIANSSTUDY,WECANFINDTHATINTHEDELIV

14、ERYOFAMESSAGE,ONLYSEVENPERCENTISAFFORDEDBYLANGUAGE,THIRTYEIGHTPERCENTISRESPONDEDBYVOICEANDFIFTYFIVEPERCENTISCONVERTEDBYBODYLANGUAGELATTERRESEARCHERSALSOGETTHESAMERESULT,SUCHASRAYLBIRDWHISTELLONCEHEESTIMATEDTHATTHEAVERAGETIMEOFPEOPLESUSINGLANGUAGEINTHEIRDAILYLIFEISTENTOELEVENMINUTES,AMONGTHEM,WITHTWO

15、POINTFIVESECONDSFOREACHSENTENCEBINZI,2010THATISTOSAY,THETIMEOFPEOPLESFACETOFACETALKINGISLESSTHANTHIRTYFIVEPERCENTEACHDAYBESIDES,THEIMPORTANCEOFBODYLANGUAGEALSOCOMESFROMITSSPONTANEITYANDRELIABILITYFROMBODYLANGUAGE,THETRUTHCANOFTENBEFOUNDFROMTHELIESSPOKENOUTBYSOUNDLANGUAGEEVENTHOUGHSOMETIMESPEOPLEWILL

16、MAYCONSCIOUSLYDISGUISETHEMSELVES,THEYCANSTILLNOTBECOMEPERFECTNOMATTERHOWHARDTHEYTRY,BECAUSEBODYLANGUAGEOFTENACTASALEAKINADVERTENTLYSTUDYINGBODYLANGUAGEHASAPOSITIVEMEANINGINUNDERSTANDINGPEOPLESTRUETHINKING,ANDINDISCOVERINGTHESECRETBEHINDTHESOUNDLANGUAGE13THERESEARCHPURPOSETHISARTICLEAIMSATILLUSTRATIN

17、GTHEDIFFERENCESOFBODYLANGUAGEANDTHEIRMEANINGSEXISTINGINTHEDIFFERENTCULTURECONTEXTSSUCHASCHINAANDENGLISHSPEAKINGCOUNTRIESTOUNDERSTANDTHEDIFFERENCESOFBODYLANGUAGEANDCULTUREREFLECTEDHERE,WECANEASILYUNDERSTANDTHEFOREIGNERSANDCUTDOWNTHEMISCOMPREHENSIONS,WHICHCANBOOSTTHEEFFICIENCYINLEARNINGENGLISH2THEWAYS

18、TOEXPRESSTHEDIFFERENCESALTHOUGHTHEMEANINGSOFMOSTBODYLANGUAGESARESTILLTHESAME,SUCHAS,NODMEANSINAGREEMENT,OREXPLICITNESSANDUNDERSTANDINGUPTRENDOFEYEBROWISTHATTHEYDONOTBELIEVEORSURPRISEAVOIDINGEYECONNECTIONMEANSTHATTHEINDIFFERENCE,ESCAPE,ANDWITHOUTCARE,INSECURITY,NEGATIVEASWELLASFEARORSTRESS,ETCSHAKING

19、ONESHEADSHOWSDISAGREEMENTAPPLAUSEINDICATESENDORSEMENTORHAPPINESS,ETCZHANGYUEE,2007,CHINESEANDENGLISHCOUNTRIESEXISTDIFFERENCESINBODYLANGUAGESANDTHEIRMEANINGSTOAGREATDEGREETHEFOLLOWINGTEXTISMAINLYABOUTTHEWAYSTOEXPRESSTHEDIFFERENCESTHEREARETHREEKINDSOFDIFFERENCESTHEFIRSTISTHATTHEDIFFERENTBODYLANGUAGESH

20、AVEDIFFERENTMEANINGSSECONDISTHATTHESAMEBODYLANGUAGEHAVEDIFFERENTMEANINGSANDTHELASTISTHEDIFFERENTBODYLANGUAGESHAVETHESAMEMEANINGSTHEPAPERMAINLYSTRESSESONTHELASTTWOKINDS21THESAMEFACIALLANGUAGESHAVEDIFFERENTMEANINGS211SMILESNOMATTERINCHINAANDENGLISHSPEAKINGCOUNTRIES,SMILEORLAUGHUSUALLYEXPRESSTHEMEANING

21、SRELATEDTOHAPPINESS,FRIENDSHIP,APPROVAL,SATISFACTIONHOWEVER,INSOMECASES,THELAUGHMADEBYCHINESEMAYCAUSEMISUNDERSTANDINGSTOWESTERNERS,OREVENRESENTMENTSHEREARETHEEXAMPLESOFDIFFERENTMEANSINSMILINGBETWEENAMERICANSANDCHINESEWHENANAMERICANISGOINGSOMEPLACEBYHISBIKEANDTHEBIKEFALLSDOWNACCIDENTALLY,ANDHEMAYFEEL

22、POVERTYSTRICKENBECAUSEOFHISINFLEXIBLEMOVEMENTSIF,ATTHISMOMENT,ACHINESELAUGHTHEFOLLOWING,THEAMERICANWILLBEVERYANGRYFORRIDICULEHEMAYTHOUGHTIONCESAWASIMILARSITUATIONINARESTAURANTAFOREIGNERTHREWAPLATEBYACCIDENT,ANDHEWOULDHAVEFELTVERYSORRYFORHISRECKLESSTHELAUGHTERMADEBYTHEPRESENTCHINESEPEOPLEMAKEHIMFELTM

23、ORETHANTASTE,ANGRYANDDISGUSTEDWANGHUI2009WHILE,THATKINDOFLAUGHMADEBYTHECHINESEPEOPLEISNOTLAUGHINGATTHEPARTY,ORGLOATEVENTOTHEPEOPLEOFTHEIROWNCOUNTRY,THEYWILLDOTHESAMETHING,SMILETHESAMESMILETHISKINDOFLAUGHCANMEANALOTITCANBEEXPRESSEDAS“LAUGHAWAY”,“NEVERMIND”,SOJUSTDONTPAYTOOMUCHATTENTIONANDENJOYINTOITT

24、HECHINESEOFTENDOSUCHKINDOFLAUGHTOGETJOYHOWEVER,TOTHEPEOPLEWHOMISUNDERSTANDTHEMEANINGS,THEYMAYFEELUNHAPPY,ANDTHENEMERGEENMITYTOPEOPLEWHOARELAUGHINGTHESEEXAMPLESPROVEWELLTHATINTHESAMESITUATIONTHESAMESMILEHAVETHEDIFFERENTMEANINGSTOBOTHCHINESEANDPEOPLECOMEFROMENGLISHSPEAKINGCOUNTRIES212EYELANGUAGESWEUSU

25、ALLYSAYTHATTHEEYESARETHEWINDOWSOFTHESOULTHATISTOSAY,WECANREADTHEOTHERSMINDTHROUGHEACHOTHERSEYESVISIONLANGUAGENOTONLYCANBEUSEDTOEXPRESSAVARIETYOFCOMPLEXEMOTIONS,BUTALSOCANJUDGETHEINTIMATEDEGREEBETWEENTALKERSPEOPLEWHOCOMEFROMTHEENGLISHSPEAKINGCOUNTRIESUSEMOREEYECONNECTIONSINCONVERSATIONS,ANDAMERICANSW

26、ILLPAYMUCHATTENTIONTOTHETIMEANDTHEWAYOFEYECONTACTWHENTHEYARETALKINGINORDINARYCONVERSATION,THEYSEEEACHOTHERINAMINUTEANDTHENREMOVEAWAYITSHOWSTHATTHETWOAMERICANSHAVEVERYCLOSERELATIONWHENTHEYSTAREATEACHOTHERWHILEINNORTHAMERICA,CHILDRENMUSTLEARNTOLOOKATTHEOTHERSEYESORTHEYWILLBEREGARDEDASTHEPEOPLEWHOLACKO

27、FPASSIONSELFCONFIDENCEANDPASSIONTHEYTRUSTSUCHAWORD“NEVERBELIEVEINAPERSONWHOCANTLOOKYOUINYOUREYES“(QIUZHAOLEI,SHENLIN,2009)HOWEVER,INCHINA,ITISQUITEDIFFERENTFROMENGLISHSPEAKINGCOUNTRIESIFYOUSTAREATAPEOPLE,YOUWILLBETHOUGHOFASANIMPOLITEONE,ANDTHENTHEMANWHOISSTAREDWILLREFUSETOKEEPCONNECTIONWITHYOUTHISMA

28、KEUSUNDERSTANDTHATEVENTHEEYECONNECTIONANDTHESITUATIONARETHESAME,THECHINESEANDENGLISHSPEAKINGPEOPLESTILLHAVEQUITEDIFFERENTCOMPREHENSIONS22THEDIFFERENTBODYLANGUAGESHAVETHESAMEMEANING221FINGERLANGUAGESWHENUSEGESTURETOSHOWNUMBERS,CHINESESTRETCHOUTTHEFOREFINGERSAYING“ONE“,WHILEEUROPEANANDAMERICANPEOPLEWO

29、ULDSTRETCHOUTTHUMBSAYING“ONE”THEFOREFINGERANDMIDDLEFINGERINCHINAMEANS”TWO“,WHILETOTHEEURAMERICANWHICHISTHUMBANDFOREFINGER,THEFOLLOWINGMIDDLEFINGERANDRINGFINGERANDPINKYMEANS”THREE”FOUR”AND”FIVE”RESPECTIVELYSTRETCHINGOUTAHAND,WITHTHEFOREFINGERANDTHUMBTAKINGINTOACIRCLEINAMERICASIGNIFIES“OK”OR“THEPRAISE

30、ANDPROMISED“WHILEINCHINA,PEOPLESHOWTHEIRAPPRECIATIONOFTENWITHTHEIRTHUMBWARPEDSTRAIGHTLYANDTHEREMAININGFOURFINGERSCURLEDUP222MEETINGETIQUETTESINCHINA,PEOPLEUSUALLYWAVINGHANDS,SALUTINGANDBOWINGWHENTHEYMEETWITHEACHOTHERSHAKINGHANDSISAKINDOFVERYCOMMONCOURTESY,USUALLYUSEDINSUCHCIRCUMSTANCESWHENPEOPLEMEET

31、,LEAVE,ANDMAKECONGRATULATIONSWITHEACHOTHERHANDSHAKINGPOSTUREPURELYINETIQUETTESENSEISSTRETCHINGOUTWITHFINGERRIGHTHAND,HOLDINGEACHOTHERSPALMCONTINUOUSFROMONETOTHREESECONDSLIGHTLYANDFORCIBLY,LOOKINGATTHEOTHERPERSONSEYES,SMILINGANDELEVATINGBODYSLIGHTLYTILTEDFORWARD,LOWINGHEADSLIGHTLYSALUTESRITUAL,ALSOCA

32、LLEDZUOYIRITUAL,APPEAREDATLEASTOVER2000YEARSINCHINA,ANDITISONEOFTHECHINESETRADITIONALETIQUETTES,WHICHISOFTENUSEDWHENPEOPLEAREWITHEACHOTHERTHEFORMOFSALUTESSHOULDBEDONETHATTHELEFTHANDMAKESAFIST,ANDRIGHTHANDHOLDSTHELIFTFISTATPRESENT,ITMAINLYUSEDFORTHENEWYEARFESTIVAL,SUCHASTHEMUTUALCONGRATULATIONSSOMETI

33、MESFACTORYDIRECTOR,MANAGERSALUTESALSOUSEITINOPENBUSINESSMEETINGSFENGZI,2006BOWINGACTINGASBENTDOWNSMARTLY,ISSAIDAKINDOFHEAVYETIQUETTETOOTHERSBOWINGFORTHREETIMESISCALLEDTHEMOSTSALUTEINCHINA,THEBOWISOFTENUSEDINJUNIORSTOSUPERIORS,STUDENTSTOTEACHERS,JUNIORSTOTHEIRELDERS,ASWELLASPERSONNELTOGUESTSREGARDING

34、INSERVICE,ACTORSTHANKINGTOTHEAUDIENCEFORTHEAPPLAUSESTHEYGETINTHEWEST,PEOPLEUSUALLYUSEHUGANDKISSTOSHOWHUGRITUALISPOPULARINENGLISHSPEAKINGCOUNTRIES,USUALLYALONGWITHKISSINGTHEFORMCANBEDISPLAYEDINTHEWAYTHATTWOPEOPLESTANDFACETOFACEWITHARMSUPWARDANDDOWNWARDTHERIGHTARMTOSHOULDCARRYSHOULDERSANDLEFTHANDCARRY

35、EACHOTHER,ORHOLDEACHOTHERSAZIMUTHLETTINGBOTHHEADSANDUPPERBODIESHUGLEFT,THENTURNRIGHTHUG,FINALLYLEFTEMBRACE,THERITUALOVERKISSINGRITUAL,PREVAILINGINENGLISHSPEAKINGCOUNTRIES,ISTOSHOWINTIMACY,CONDOLATORYANDCAREAMONGFAMILYMEMBERSANDCLOSEFRIENDSTHEWAYOFKISSISTHATKISSFACEFOREHEADBETWEENPARENTSANDCHILDRENST

36、ICKCHECKSBETWEENBROTHERSANDSISTERSHUG,KISSFACE,ANDSTICKCHEEKSBETWEENACQUAINTANCESINPUBLIC,TWOWOMENLIKEKISSINGCHECKSWHILETWOMENLIKESTICKINGCHECK,ANDONLYLOVERSORHUSBANDANDWIFELIKEKISSINGMOUTHSFROMTHEEXAMPLESABOVE,ITCANBESEENCLEARLYTHATPEOPLESBODYLANGUAGESAREDIFFERENTWHENTHEYWANTTOEXPRESSTHESAMETHINGS3

37、FACTORSLEADINGTOTHEDIFFERENCESAROUNDTHEWORLD,BODYLANGUAGESSHOWSIGNIFICANTDIFFERENCESTHESAMEACTIONINDIFFERENTREGIONSMAYREPRESENTOPPOSITEMEANINGS,FOREXAMPLEPEOPLEINTHEMOSTCOUNTRIESINTHEWORLDREGARDNODDINGASPEOPLEWHOAREINAGREEMENT,BUTPEOPLEINNEPALESE,SRILANKANS,INDIANSANDESKIMOSTHINKOFNODASNOORDISAGREED

38、IFFERENTBODYMOVEMENTSCANSOMETIMESBETHESAMETHINGSNOMATTERTHEHANDSHAKE,THEPROCHEEK,HUGGING,ORBOW,AREALLAIMINGATACHIEVINGTHEPURPOSEOFGREETINGTHEDIFFERENCEOFTHEBODYLANGUAGESUSUALLYDEPENDSONTHEDIFFERENCESBETWEENDIFFERENTGEOGRAPHICALANDCULTURALBACKGROUNDSTHEREAREMANYFACTORSHAVINGCLOSERELATIONSHIPWITHBODYL

39、ANGUAGESINTHENEXTPARTOFTHETEXT,THEREWILLARESOMEEXPECTSRELATEWHYTHEDIFFERENCESOCCURANDTHISPASSAGEISMAINLYSTRESSINGONRELIGIOUSBELIEVES,LIFESTYLESANDHISTORIES31RELIGIOUSBELIEVESTHERELIGIOUSBELIEVESOFCHINAANDENGLISHSPEAKINGCOUNTRIESAREQUITEDIFFERENTATTHEVERYSTART,THECHINESERELIGIOUSWASDISTORTEDASFEUDALS

40、UPERSTITION,ANDBECAMEASTHETOOLFORTHERULERWHENITCOMESTOTHEENGLISHSPEAKINGCOUNTRIES,INTHEEARLYYEARS,RELIGIONWASALSOTREATEDASATOOLFORRULERSTORULETHEPEOPLEOFWESTERNHOWEVER,WITHTHEPROGRESSOFSOCIETYANDSCIENCE,RELIGIONGRADUALLYBECOMEFREEFROMTHETHEOLOGIESWHICHAREEVOLVEDINTOTHEETHICSANDPROFESSIONALSTANDARDS,

41、ASWELLASPEOPLESSPIRITUALBALLAST,SPIRITUALDELIVERANCEANDSPIRITUALSUPPORTATTHESAMETIME,PEOPLESASKINGFORBLESSINGISQUITEDIFFERENTFROMEACHOTHERHEREFOLLOWSTHEEXAMPLESINCHINA,IFYOUWANTTOGETTHEBLESSINGFROMGOD,THERIGHTKNEELINGPOSITIONSHOULDKNOWISTHATFALLINGONYOURKNEESONTHEFUTON,ANDPUTTINGYOURHANDSTOGETHERTHE

42、KEYPOINTINTHISPROCESSYOUSHOULDNOTEISTHATTHEPALMSTOGETHERISHOLLOWATTHEPALMLIKEPUTYOURHANDSHIGHABOVEYOURHEAD,ANDTHENDOWNANDSTOPATTHEMOUTHYOUCANMAKEAWISHATTHISTIME,ANDTHENDOWNTOTHEHEARTWITHMEDITATIONINYOURHEART,ANDTHENSPREADPALMS,PALMSUP,UPPERBODYBOWEDTHELASTPROCESSISREPEATING,USUALLYFORTHREETIMESINENG

43、LISHSPEAKINGCOUNTRIES,IFYOUWANTTOGETBLESSINGFROMGOD,YOUHADBETTERUNDERSTANDTHEFOLLOWINGPROCESSGENERALPRAYERSSHOULDBEINAQUIETHOUSEWITHDOORSSHUTTHEIMPORTANTPOINTYOUSHOULDREMEMBERISTHATDONOTPRAYWHENFACINGWITHPERSONSPRAYERSSHOULDBEKNELTDOWNFACINGTHEWALLINFEAR,ANDPUTACUSHIONUNDERTHEIRKNEES,THENCLOSETHEIRE

44、YES,FASTENTHEIRHANDSDURINGTHEIRCOMMUNICATINGWITHGODSOMETIMESPRAYERCANALSOPREYINASHORTTIME,SUCHASWALKINGINTHESTREET,ORDRIVINGACAR,WHENEVERANDWHEREVERYOUFEELEVILINYOURMINDYOUCANQUIETLYASKGODTOCLEANSEYOURHEART,ANDREMOVETHEHEARTSOFEVILPALMSTOGETHERAREVERYIMPORTANTINBUDDHISMTHEKEYPOINTSARETHEFOLLOWSFIRST

45、,THESHOULDERSSHOULDBERELAXEDANDUPRIGHT,BUTWHENYOUUPRIGHT,YOUSHOULDBESOFTATTHESAMETIME,REMEMBERNOTSTIFFSECOND,HANDSSHOULDSTICKCLOSEWITHEACHOTHER,ANDTHISSTEPISTOSTOPAIRFLOWBLOCKINGTHIRD,PUTYOURHANDSBEFOREYOURBREASTTHEARMPITSSHOULDBELOOSEANDDONOTCLIPTHUMBSSHOULDREFERTOTHETANZHONACUPOINTYOUSHOULDPAYATTE

46、NTIONTONOTPRESSYOURBREASTFOURTH,EYESSHOULDLOOKATTHECOMMISSUREOFYOURHANDSTOCHECKWHETHERYOUAREUPRIGHTANDRESTUSUALLY,THEUNDISCIPLINEDPERSONISVERYHARDTOMAKEPRAYINGINRIGHTWAYTHESIGNIFICANCEOFDOINGTHISCANBEEXPLAINEDASTENFINGERSREPRESENTTHEDHARMAREALMIFYOURFINGERSSCATTERED,THATMEANSYOURHEARTISINTHETENDHARM

47、AREALMSPUTYOURPALMSTOGETHERONBEHALFOFASSEMBLEYOURDISORDERLYHEARTANDTHENFOCUSONBUDDHATHERESPECTREPRESENTEDBYPALMSTOGETHERISNOTTHEORDINARYONEITEXISTEDBYTHEORIGINOFBUDDHACHRISTINEWERETHEHEARTOFABUDDHASHEARTISTHEEXPERIENCEOFEQUALTOEACHOTHERWOULDHAVEBUDDHANATURE,RESPECTFULOFEQUALITYSINCERELYITISTHEEXPERI

48、ENCETHECONCEPTOFOPPOSITIONISNOTESTABLISHED,ITHAVEBEENANORGANICWHOLENATURALRESPECTFULWHENTHEYAREBLESSING,PEOPLEBELONGTOENGLISHSPEAKINGCOUNTRIESUSUALLYWRITECROSS,ORINTERLOCKTHEIRHANDS,ORHOLDFISTSONHIPSTHEYDONOTHAVEAFIXEDPOSTUREINTHEIRMINDS,PRAYERSARELEADEDBYTHEHOLYSPIRIT,HEGODWILLLISTENTOTHEPRAYERWHOI

49、SPREYINGWITHHEARTANDHONESTTWECANMAKEACONCLUSIONFROMABOVETHATTHEDIFFERENTRELIGIOUSBELIEVESCANHAVEHUGEEFFECTINPEOPLESBODYLANGUAGES32LIFESTYLESTHELIFESTYLESBETWEENCHINESEANDTHEPEOPLECOMINGFROMENGLISHSPEAKINGCOUNTRIESAREQUITEDIFFERENTWECHINESELIKESTAYINGWITHPEOPLEINOURMINDS,IFWEAREALWAYSALONEWEARETHEONEWHOARENOTSOUGHTAFTERBYOTHERSIFONEDOESNOTHAVEAPARTNER,WEMAYDONOTTHINKHEISAGOODPEOPLE,BECAUSEAGOODORSUCCESSFULONEISALWAYSSURROUNDEDBYALOTOFPEOPLEHOWEVER,PEOPLEINENGLISHSPEAKINGCOUNTRIESHAVETHEOPPOSITEIDEATHEYPAYMUCHATTENTIONTOPERSONALSPACEIFYOUBREAKTHEIRINDIVIDUALSPACESEV

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