1、（20_届）本科毕业设计英语伍尔夫一间自己的房间的女性主义解读AFEMINISMREADINGOFVIRGINAWOOFSAROOMOFONESOWNI内容摘要弗吉尼亚伍尔夫是20世纪文坛上的一名杰出的女作家，她被尊为意识流小说的鼻祖之一，与乔伊斯、福克纳等意识流小说大师齐名。同时，她又被尊为西方当代女性主义的“母亲”，她认为女性应该在经济上和精神上独立，并拥有自己的生活空间和精神空间。此外，还要勇于表达自我的真实想法。她认为女性主义的最终目的是消解两性之间的对立，以达到两者的和谐状态。因此，她在一间自己的房间中提出了“双性同体”理论。本文试图从女性主义角度解读一间自己的屋子，分析伍尔夫的女性
2、主义思想，以期更好的理解文学中的女性主义。伍尔夫的女性主义思想在21世纪的今天仍有极强的思考意义。关键字弗吉尼亚伍尔夫；独立；空间；双性同体；女性主义IIABSTRACTVIRGINIAWOOLFISANOUTSTANDINGWOMANNOVELISTIN20THCENTURYSHEHASBEENREGARDEDASONEOFTHEREPRESENTATIVESOFTHESTREAMOFCONSCIOUSNESS,ENJOYINGEQUALPOPULARITYWITHJOYCEANDFAULKNERMEANWHILE,SHEISREGARDEDASTHEMOTHEROFMODERNFEMINI
3、SMINTHEWESTSHETHINKSTHATFEMALESSHOULDBEFINANCIALLYANDSPIRITUALLYINDEPENDENTANDHAVETHEIROWNLIVINGSPACEANDSPIRITUALSPACEINADDITION,WOMENALSONEEDTOEXPRESSTHEMSELVESBRAVELYANDSINCERELYSHECONSIDERSTHEFINALGOALOFFEMINISMISTODISPELTHEOPPOSITIONBETWEENMALESANDFEMALESANDTOREACHAHARMONIOUSSTATETHEREFORE,SHEPR
4、OPOSESTHETHEORYOFANDROGYNYINAROOMOFONESOWNTHISTHESISTRIESTODISCUSSAROOMOFONESOWNFROMTHEANGLEOFFEMINISM,ANDANALYZEWOOLFSFEMINISMSOASTOSEEKABROADERUNDERSTANDINGOFFEMINISMLITERATUREINGENERALSTUDYINGWOOLFSTILLHASAPROFOUNDMEANINGIN21STCENTURYKEYWORDSVIRGINIAWOOLFINDEPENDENCESPACEANDROGYNYFEMINISMIIICONTE
5、NTSABSTRACTII1INTRODUCTION12WHATSFEMINISM221THEETYMOLOGYOFTHETERM“FEMINISM“222THEDEFINITIONOFTHETERM“FEMINISM”323VIRGINIASCONCEPTSOFFEMINISM33VIRGINIASFEMINISTIDEAINAROOMOFONESOWN431ECONOMICINDEPENDENCE532HAVINGAROOMOFONESOWN6321LIVINGSPACE6322SPIRITUALSPACE733ESTABLISHINGFEMALESVALUE734THEPURSUITOF
6、ANDROGYNY84FACTORSLEADINGTOVIRGINIASFEMINISTVIEW941HERPARENTSSINFLUENCE1042THEBLOOMSBURYGROUPSINFLUENCE1143SEXUALASSAULTBYHERBROTHERS1244THEINDUSTRIALREVOLUTIONANDTHEWOMENSRIGHTMOVEMENT135CONCLUSION13BIBLIOGRAPHY17ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS1811INTRODUCTIONVIRGINIAWOOLF18821941,ISAFAMOUSWOMANNOVELISTINTHE20THC
7、ENTURYANDSHEISONEOFTHEIMPORTANTMODERNISTNOVELISTSMEANWHILE,SHEISONEOFTHEREPRESENTATIVESOFTHESTREAMOFCONSCIOUSNESS,ENJOYINGEQUALPOPULARITYWITHJOYCEANDFAULKNERWHATSMORE,SHEISREGARDEDASTHEMOTHEROFMODERNFEMINISMINTHEWESTLITERARYCRITICISMOFVIRGINIAWOOLFHASPROLIFERATEDSINCETHE1980SSOMECRITICSAPPRAISEHERWO
8、RKSANDSOMEAPPRAISEHERPERSONSOMEANALYZEHERWORKSCONSCIOUSNESS,ANDSOMEANALYZEHERFEMINISMSOMESTUDYHERWORKSFROMETHICS,SOMEFROMAESTHETICS,SOMEFROMHOMOSEXUALITY,SOMEFROMPSYCHOLOGYSHEISNOTONLYAGREATWRITER,BUTALSOA“FORERUNNER,INDEEDTHEMOTHEROFTHECONTEMPORARYANGLOAMERICANFEMINISM”ASZHUGANGDESCRIBESZHUGANG2006
9、342ASFORHERFEMINISM,SOMECRITICIZEHERFEMINISMASANEXTREMETYPEFORTHEYTHINKHERREPRESENTEDIDEAOFFEMINISMANDROGYNYMEANSSHEINTENDSTOREPLACEMALEVALUEWITHFEMALEVALUESOMECRITICIZEHERDEVIATINGTHEFEMINISMFORTHEYTHINKSHECOULDNTBEARHEROWNFEMALEIDENTITY,SOSHEHADTOGIVEUPTOTHEPATRIARCHALSOCIETYANDSWAMPEDINTHEMUDOFUT
10、OPIANTHOUGHTOFANDROGYNYWHILETHEOTHERSPRAISEITHIGHLYFORITISANADVANCEMENTINTHESTAGEOFFEMINISMSDEVELOPMENTXUWEIANALYZESWOOLFSFEMINISM,BOTHASATHEORETICALANALYSISOFGENDERINEQUALITYANDOPPRESSION,ANDASAPOLITICALMOVEMENTHERPAPERANALYZESTHATWOOLFHOWTOANALYZETHEQUESTIONOF“WOMENWRITING“INTHETHEORYANDHOWTOPRACT
11、ICEITINHERWRITINGWOOLFISCONCERNEDWITHTHENATUREOFWOMANHOODTHEFOCUSONWOMENCHARACTERSINWOOLFSFICTIONISCENTRALTOMUCHEARLYFEMINISTCRITICISM,ASWELLASNONORANTIFEMINISTCRITICISMTOANEXTENT,“ANGER“AND“ANDROGYNY“ARETHETWOTERMSMOSTCENTRALTOFEMINISTDEBATESONWOOLFTHEIRCENTRALITYSERVESTOFURTHERINCREASETHEIMPORTANC
12、EOFAROOMOFONESOWNASTHEKEYTEXTOFWOOLFSFEMINISMANDFEMINISMSWOOLF,FORITISHERETHAT“ANGER“AND“ANDROGYNY“AREMOSTFULLYDISCUSSEDANDAROOMOFONESOWNISSEENBYMANYCRITICSTOSUBDUEANDREPRESSWOMENSANGERINFAVOROFAMORESERENEGENDERTRANSCENDENTORANDROGYNOUSCREATIVITYXUWEI,20043839WUQINGHONGTRIESTOANALYZE,TOSHOWANDTOCRIT
13、ICIZEVIRGINIASFEMINISMINTHEDEVELOPMENTOFWESTERNFEMINISMANDSHEINDEEDDIDIT,COMPREHENSIVELYANDINTENSIVELYHERMAINVIEWPOINTISTHATVIRGINIAWOOLFISTHEMOSTIMPORTANTREPRESENTATIVEPERSONINTHEHISTORYOFFEMINISMSDEVELOPMENTWOOLFSANALYSISONFEMINISMCORRECTEDTHESHORTAGEOFFEMINISMIN1890STO1990S,WHICHEMPHASIZEDTHEEQUA
14、LITYBETWEENMENANDWOMENONLAWWHATSMORE,HERFEMINISMINSPIREDTHENEWFEMINISTIN1960SAND1970STODECONSTRUCTMALESPOLITICALANDCULTURALSUPREMACYANDESTABLISHFEMALESVISUALANGLE,WHICH2PREDICTEDTHEDEVELOPMENTDIRECTIONOFPOSTFEMINISMIN1990SWUQINGHONG,20055MATINGTINGDRAWSACONCLUSIONTHATWOOLFSFEMINISMISNOTAPANACEAFORAL
15、LWOMEN,BUTANOCCIDENTALONEWITHINTENSETENDENCYOFRACIALISMMATINGTING,2006IIIWUHAIXIAPROBESTHEUNIQUEFEMINISTTHOUGHTSOFVIRGINIAWOOLF,WHICHSHETHINKSAREQUITEDIFFERENTFROMMOSTOFTHEOTHERFEMINISTSITISCLEARLYTHATSINCETHEAPPEARANCEOFFEMINISM,THEOPPOSITIONSBETWEENMENANDWOMENHAVEBEENHIGHLIGHTED,ANDFEMINISMISRELAT
16、EDTOTHEMARGINALIZATIONOFALLWOMEN,WITHTHEIRBEINGRELEGATEDTOASECONDARYPOSITIONMOSTFEMINISTSHOLDTHEIRVIEWSTHATTHESOCIALCULTUREISAPATRIARCHALCULTUREWOOLFREALIZESTHATWOMENARECONFRONTEDWITHINEQUALITIESANDEXCLUSIONINTHEPATRIARCHALSOCIETYWOOLFWITNESSESTHEEFFORTSANDACHIEVEMENTSTHEFEMINISTSHAVEMADETOGETEQUALR
17、IGHTSANDPOSITIONSWITHMEN,WHEREASSHEAIRSHERVIEWTHATTHEFINALGOALOFFEMINISMISTODECONSTRUCTTHEBINARYOPPOSITIONSBETWEENTHETWOSEXESSHEPRESENTSHERFAMOUSTHEORYOF“ANDROGYNY“INAROOMOFONESOWNSHEARGUESTHATANDROGYNYISTHEBESTSTATEOFMINDFORWRITING,INWHICHAWRITERCANMAKEPERFECTARTISTICEXPRESSIONWUHAIXIA,2007IIWOOLFC
18、RITICIZESTHEPATRIARCHALSOCIETYINHERWORKS,ANDPROMPTSUSTOREEXAMINETHEHISTORYOFHUMANBYAFEMALEANGLETOCREATEANEWCIVILIZATIONHERIDEOLOGYANDPERCEPTIONOPENSANDENLIGHTENSTHEIDEAOFFEMINISMINMANYASPECTSTHISPAPERTRIESTOANALYZEWOOLFSCONCEPTSOFFEMINISMTHROUGHTHEREADINGOFAROOMOFONESOWN,TOGETAFURTHERUNDERSTANDINGON
19、FEMINISM,WHICHCANALSOHELPDEEPENCHINESEFEMALESCOMPREHENSIONOFFEMINISM2WHATSFEMINISMATTHEVERYBEGINNINGOFTHISPAPER,ABASICQUESTIONNEEDSTOBEANSWEREDTHATISWHATFEMINISMISINTHEACADEMICCIRCLESOFEUROPEANDAMERICA,“FEMINISM“GENERALLYREFERSTOANYACTIVITIESTOSTRIVEFORANDTICKUPFORTHERIGHTOFFEMALESITHASSEVERALHUNDRE
20、DYEARSHISTORYANDHASCOMPLEXCONTENTSTHEREFORE,ITISDIFFICULTTODEFINEIT21THEETYMOLOGYOFTHETERM“FEMINISM“THETERM“FEMINISM“ISDERIVEDDIRECTLYFROMTHELATINWORDFMINA,WHICHMEANSWOMANTHISTERMANDITSDERIVATIVESORIGINATEDINFRANCEDURINGTHELATE19THCENTURYTHEFIRSTPERSONWHOCALLEDHERSELFFEMINISTWASAFRENCHSUFFRAGETTEACT
21、IVIST,HUBERTINEAUCLERT18481914SHEFIRSTUSEDTHISTERMINHERPERIODICALCALLEDLACITOYENNEIN1880CAIQING,20053HOWEVER,ALTHOUGHTHISTERMWASUSEDINHERPERIODICALS,ITWASNOTPOPULAR3AMONGWOMENADVOCATESWHOWERERATHERMODERATEINSTEADOF“FEMINIST“,THESEWOMENCALLEDTHEIRORGANIZATION“FEMININE“ITWASNOTUNTILTHEBEGINNINGOFTHE20
22、THCENTURYWHEN“FEMINISM“BECAMEACCEPTEDBYMOSTWOMENSUFFRAGETTEACTIVISTS22THEDEFINITIONOFTHETERM“FEMINISM”INBROADSENSE,FEMINISMCANBEDEFINEDASSOCIALMOVEMENT,WHICHTAKESELIMINATINGSEXDISCRIMINATIONANDENDINGTHEOPPRESSIONONWOMENASITSPOLITICALGOALSITALSOINCLUDESTHEREVOLUTIONINIDEOLOGYANDCULTUREWHICHEMERGEDFRO
23、MTHEPROCESSFORPURSUINGITSPOLITICALGOALSINTHISSENSE,FEMINISTSREPRESENTTHOSEWHODEVOTETHEMSELVESINTHISMOVEMENTSINCERELY,ANDANYMALESANDFEMALESWHOTAKEPARTINTHEREVOLUTIONOFIDEOLOGYANDCULTUREINITSNARROWSENSE,FEMINISMREFERSTOAKINDOFMETHODOLOGYTHATREGARDSANDANALYSESAQUESTIONINAGENDERPERSPECTIVEFEMINISMNOWSTA
24、NDSFORAMOVEMENTORPHILOSOPHYTHATQUESTIONSTHEUNEQUALBALANCEOFPOWERBETWEENMENANDWOMENFEMINISTSFIGHTFOREQUALITYBETWEENMENANDWOMENTHETERM“FEMINISM“HASBECOMETHENAMEFORTHEWOMENSMOVEMENT,THEQUESTFORSOCIALCHANGESAIMEDATIMPROVINGTHEPOSITIONOFWOMENFEMINISMISDEFINEDBOTHAS“THETHEORYOFTHEPOLITICAL,ECONOMIC,ANDSOC
25、IALEQUALITYOFTHESEXES“AND“ORGANIZEACTIVITYONBEHALFOFWOMENSRIGHTSANDINTERESTS“（MERRIAMWEBSTER,2003461HENCE,THETERMFEMINISMISNOTONLYABOUTTHESTRUGGLEFORPOLITICALRIGHTSITISASYSTEMOFIDEASANDASOCIALMOVEMENT,DIRECTEDTOWARDSOPPOSINGMENSPRIVILEGEOFPOSITIONANDWOMENSSUBORDINATIONTHISTERMCONTAINSREDISTRIBUTIONO
26、FPOWERANDRECOGNITIONOFSEXEQUALITY23VIRGINIASCONCEPTSOFFEMINISMVIRGINIAWOOLFISNOTONLYAFEMALEWRITER,BUTALSOAPIONEEROFFEMINISMHERESSENTIALCONTRIBUTIONTOFEMINISMISHERPERSEVERANCETHATSOCIALANDECONOMICELEMENTSARECRITICALTOSHAPEWOMENSCREATIVITYANDPERCEPTIONACCORDINGTOHERIDEA,WOMENPLAYAHISTORICALROLETOJOINI
27、NTHECREATIONOFHUMANCIVILIZATION,ESPECIALLYTHEARTSWHATSHEEMPHASIZESISTHATFEMALESSHOULDFACETHEREALITYANDTHINKTHINGSTHATRELATEDTOTHEMINSTEADOFTHINKINGTHINGSTHATCONCERNEDMENTHEREFORE,SHEPUTSFORWARDTHEIDEATHATFEMALESSHOULDSETUPALITERATUREOFTHEIROWNTODEALWITHTHEANGERTHATAPPEARSINTHEPROCESSOFWRITINGANDDERI
28、VESFROMTHEINEQUALITYBETWEENMENANDWOMEN,SHEPROPOSESACONCEPTOFANDROGYNYANANDROGYNOUSMINDISTHEBESTSTATEOFMINDFORDOINGLITERARYCREATIONHOWEVER,ITCAUSESAHEATEDDEBATEAMONGLATERFEMINISTSALTHOUGHITISCONTROVERSIAL,SHECREATESABRIGHTFUTUREFORFEMALES4VIRGINIASVIEWOFFEMINISMISEMBODIEDINTENSIVELYINTHEIDEAOFANDROGY
29、NYANDROGYNYHASMORETHANONEMEANINGITMAYREFERTOTHEANATOMICALCOEXISTENCEOFTWOSORTSOFSEXORGANSINTHESAMEBODYORELSETOTHEALLEGORYOFAFORMOFSPIRITUALPERFECTIONINOTHERCASES,ITISRELATEDTOTHEEXPLICITCOEXISTENCEOFMALEANDFEMALEQUALITIESINTHESAMEENTITYWUHAIXIA,20072324TOPUTITSIMPLY,ANDROGYNYMEANSFULLBALANCEANDCOMMA
30、NDOFANEMOTIONALRANGETHATINCLUDESMALEANDFEMALEELEMENTSSHETHINKSTHEFINALGOALFORFEMINISMISTOELIMINATETHEOPPOSITIONBETWEENMALESANDFEMALESVIRGINIASFEMINISMINCLUDESECONOMICINDEPENDENCE,SPIRITUALINDEPENDENCEHERANALYSISONFEMINISMCORRECTEDTHESHORTAGEOFFEMINISMIN1890STO1990S,WHICHEMPHASIZEDTHEEQUALITYBETWEENM
31、ENANDWOMENONLAWWHATSMORE,HERVIEWOFFEMINISMINSPIREDTHENEWFEMINISTIN1960SAND1970STODECONSTRUCTMALESPOLITICALANDCULTURALSUPREMACYANDESTABLISHFEMALESVISUALANGLE,PREDICTINGTHEORIENTATIONOFPOSTFEMINISMIN1990S3VIRGINIASFEMINISTIDEAINAROOMOFONESOWNAROOMOFONESOWNISVIRGINIASREPRESENTATIVEWORKOFFEMINISMINOCTOB
32、ER,1928,VIRGINIAWOOLFWASINVITEDTOGIVETWOACADEMICSPEECHESBYCAMBRIDGEUNIVERSITYONEWASINTHEARTSOCIETYOFNEWNHAM,THEOTHERWASINTHEGORDONWOMENCOLLEGETHELECTURETOPICWASWOMENANDFICTIONTHENEXTYEAR,SHEPUBLISHEDABROCHURE,WHICHWASWRITTENONTHEBASISOFTHESETWOLECTURESQUICKLY,THEBOOKLETAMAZEDTHEWORLDWITHASINGLEFEATA
33、TTHATTIMEUPTONOW,ITHASBECOMETHEMOSTFAMOUSWORKANDHASMOSTREADERSCOMPAREDTOHEROTHERWORKSITISUNIVERSALLYACKNOWLEDGEDASADECLARATIONOFWESTERNFEMINISMTHEWORKAROOMOFONESOWNCANBEDIVIDEDINTOSIXPARTSTHEFIRSTPARTDESCRIBESANEXPERIENCEINOXBRIDGEUNIVERSITYFABRICATEDBYTHEAUTHOR,WHICHSHOWSANUNFAIRTREATMENTTHATFEMALE
34、SRECEIVEDINAPATRIARCHALSOCIETYTHESECONDPARTREPRESENTSAPHENOMENONTHATTHEAUTHORFOUNDALARGEAMOUNTOFBOOKSABOUTWOMENSPROBLEMSWRITTENBYMENINTHEENGLANDMUSEUMWHATSWORSE,ONEPROFESSORCLAIMEDABSOLUTELYINHISMARVELOUSWORKTHATFEMALESINTELLIGENCE,PHYSICALPOWERANDMORALITYAREALLLOWERTHANMALESINTHETHIRDPART,THEWRITER
35、SKETCHESAHYPOTHETICAL“JUDITH“SHAKESPEARE,SISTEROFWILLIAM,WHOISASBRILLIANTANDPROMISINGASHE,BUTHERTALENTISUNDOUBTEDLYBURIEDBYTHEPATRIARCHALSOCIETYWOOLFTRACEDBACKTOTHEFEMALESROUGHPROCESSFORGETTINGINTHELITERATUREARENAINTHEFORTHPARTAPHRABEHN16401689,APLAYWRIGHT,NOVELISTANDPOETOFENGLAND,WHOISTHEFIRSTENGLI
36、SHFEMALETOBECAMEAPROFESSIONALWRITERIN17THCENTURYTHENWOMENWRITERSBEGANTOFEELPROUDANDELATEDHOWEVER,MOSTENGLISHWOMENWRITERSHADTOUSEMALESNAMEASPENNAMESTORELIEVETHEIRSOCIALPRESSUREDURINGTHE19THCENTURYINTHEFIFTH5PART,THEAUTHORPOINTSOUTTHATITISNECESSARYTOSTRENGTHENFEMALESAWARENESSOFKNOWINGTHEDIFFERENCEBETW
37、EENMALESANDFEMALESONLYINTHISWAY,SHETHINKS,FEMALESCANREALIZETHETRUEVALUEOFTHEMSELVESINTHELASTPART,VIRGINIAAGREESWITHSAMUELTAYLORCOLERIDGESANDROGYNOUSIDEA,BELIEVINGTHATAWRITERSCREATIVESOULSHOULDHAVEBOTHMASCULINITYANDFEMININITYINOTHERWORDS,APERSONISABISEXUALITYINSTEADOFAUNISEXUALITYAPERSONISANDROGYNOUS
38、WHENFULLBALANCEANDCOMMANDOFANEMOTIONALRANGETHATINCLUDESMALEANDFEMALEELEMENTSREACHED,THESEMENWRITERSORWOMENWRITERSCANCREATEGREATWORKS31ECONOMICINDEPENDENCEFEMALESAREFACINGANECONOMICPROBLEMASISKNOWNTOALL,ECONOMYISTHEBASISOFLIVINGWOMENLOSETHEIRECONOMICSOURCE,WHENTHEPATRIARCHALSOCIETYEXCLUDESTHEMFROMTHE
39、PUBLICWORK,WHICHCAUSESTHEMSINKINAPOORSTATEINREALITY,WHATFEMALESAREENGAGEDINAREHUMANBEINGSPERSONALPRODUCTIONANDALLKINDSOFNECESSARYHOUSEWORKSTOMAINTAINMANYFAMILIESFUNCTIONSWHENWOMENAREDOINGTHESE,THEYUSEUPTHEIRPHYSICALPOWER,ENERGY,ANDEVENSACRIFICETHEIRLIVESHOWEVER,THESEAREALLDONEINTHEAREAOFFAMILYTHEIRY
40、IELDSOFTENCANNOTLEAVEANYTANGIBLEFRUITSFOREXAMPLE,THECOOKEDFOODWILLBEEATENUP,THEWASHEDCLOTHESWILLBEDIRTYAFTERWEARINGAGAIN,ANDCHILDRENWHOHAVEBEENRAISEDUPWILLLEAVEHOMETOGETINTHEIROWNWORLDDONTTHESEHOUSEHOLDLABORSHAVEANYVALUEISTHEREANYBODYWHOPAYSTHEMSALARYTHEREFORE,THESENATURAL,NONCOMMERCIALLABORSAREEXCL
41、UDEDFROMTHESOCIALLABORBYTHEPATRIARCHALSOCIETY,BECAUSETHEYAREONLYRELATEDWITHPERSONALFAMILYMEMBERSANDTHEYCANNOTCREATEVALUEDIRECTLYSINCETHEUNPAIDLABORTAKEUPMOSTENERGYOFFEMALES,THEYLOSETHEIRSUBJECTPOSITIONINTHESOCIETYANDLOSETHESOURCEOFFINANCETHEREFORE,IFFEMALESWANTTOGETRIDOFTHEDISADVANTAGEDSTATUSIMPOSED
42、ONTHEMBYHISTORYANDREALITY,THEYSHOULDSTRIVEFORTHEECONOMICPOSITIONJUSTLIKEWHATWOOLFSAYSINAROOMOFONESOWN,WOMENSHOULDHAVEREVENUEOF500POUNDSEVERYYEARSHECONSIDERSTHATTHEMAINREASONWHYTHEREARESOLESSWOMENWRITERSISTHATOURMOTHERISTOOPOORFOREXAMPLE,IFMARYSMOTHER“HADGONEINTOBUSINESSHADBECOMEAMANUFACTUREROFARTIFI
43、CIALSILKORAMAGNATEONTHESTOCKEXCHANGEIFSHEHADLEFTTWOORTHREEHUNDREDTHOUSANDPOUNDSTOFERNHAM,WECOULDHAVEBEENSITTINGATOUREASETONIGHTANDTHESUBJECTOFOURTALKMIGHTHAVEBEENARCHAEOLOGY,BOTANYANTHROPOLOGY,PHYSICS,THENATUREOFTHEATOM,MATHEMATICS,ASTRONOMY,RELATIVELY,GEOGRAPHYIFONLYMRSSETONANDHERMOTHERANDHERMOTHER
44、BEFOREHERHADLEARNTTHEGREATARTOFMAKINGMONEYANDHADLEFTTHEIRMONEY,LIKETHEIRFATHERSANDTHEIRGRANDFATHERSBEFORETHEM,TOFOUNDFELLOWSHIPSANDLECTURESHIPSANDPRIZESANDSCHOLARSHIPSAPPROPRIATEDTOTHEUSEOFTHEIROWNSEX,WEMIGHTHAVELOOKEDFORWARDWITHOUTUNDUECONFIDENCETOAPLEASANTANDHONORABLELIFETIMESPENTINTHESHELTEROFONE
45、OF6THELIBERALLYENDOWEDPROFESSIONSWEMIGHTHAVEBEENEXPLORINGORWRITINGMOONINGABOUTTHEVENERABLEPLACESOFTHEEARTHSITTINGCONTEMPLATIVEONTHESTEPSOFTHEPARTHENON,ORGOINGATTENTOANOFFICEANDCOMINGHOMECOMFORTABLYATHALFPASTFOURTOWRITEALITTLEPOETRY“VIRGINIAWOOLF,2005576THEYHAVENTLEARNEDHOWTOMAKEMONEY,HOWTOMANAGETHEI
46、ROWNPROPERTYFORTHOUSANDSOFYEARS,WOMENAREHANDLINGHOUSEWORKSANDREARINGCHILDREN,WHILEMENAREDOINGBUSINESSFORMAKINGMONEYWHILEPRINCESANDARISTOCRATSUSETHEIRPROPERTIESTOBUILDMANYSCHOOLSANDLIBRARIES,WOMENAREREJECTEDOUTOFTHECOLLEGESTHEYARERESTRICTEDINASMALLCIRCLEOFFAMILYTHEYHAVENORIGHTSTORECEIVEEDUCATIONASARE
47、SULTOFBEINGDEPRIVEDOFENJOYINGRIGHTSOFOWNINGTHEIROWNPROPERTY,FEMALESDESIRESFORMAKINGMONEYARECONSTRAINEDTHETHOUSANDSOFYEARSINFLUENCEOFPATRIARCHALSOCIETYPLACESWOMENINAPENNILESSPOSITIONWOMENBEGANTOWALKOUTOFTHEHOUSEHOLDIN20THCENTURYTHUS,MANYWOMENWRITERSSPRUNGUPWECANSEETHATFORTHELATESTHUNDREDYEARS,THEAPPE
48、ARANCEOFMANYWOMENWRITERSARECONCERNEDWITHTHERIGHTSWOMENHAVEACHIEVED,ESPECIALLYTHEACQUIREMENTOFECONOMICRIGHT,WHICHPLAYSANIMPORTANTANDPOSITIVEROLEINARTCREATINGWOOLFHERSELFALSOADMITTEDTHATSHEANDHERSISTEROBTAINEDALLTHEIRFATHERSBOOKSAFTERTHEIRFATHERSDEATH,SOSHECOULDSTARTHERWRITINGCAREERINAROOMOFONESOWN,TH
49、ENARRATORALSOREPEATEDLYSAYSTHATBUTFORHERAUNTS500POUNDSHERITAGE,ITMIGHTHAVEBEENHARDFORHERTOBREAKAWAYMOSTWOMENSFATEWORKINGHARDINTHEHOUSEHOLDORGOINGOUTFOREARNINGMONEYTOKEEPTHEPOTBOILINGALLINALL,FEMALESSHOULDBEINDEPENDENTINTHEECONOMY32HAVINGAROOMOFONESOWNVIRGINIASAIDTHAT“AWOMANMUSTHAVEMONEYANDAROOMOFHEROWNIFSHEISTOWRITEFICTION“VIRGINIAWOOLF,2005555ITHASBEENDISCUSSEDTHATFEMALESSHOULDBEFINANCIALLYINDEPENDENTNOW,ITTURNSTOAROOMOFONESOWNHAVINGAROOMOFONESOWNNOTONLYINDICATESTHATFEMALESSHOULDHAVETHEIRBASICLIVINGSPACE,BUTAL
