伍尔夫《一间自己的房间》的女性主义解读【毕业论文】.doc

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1、(20_届)本科毕业设计英语伍尔夫一间自己的房间的女性主义解读AFEMINISMREADINGOFVIRGINAWOOFSAROOMOFONESOWNI内容摘要弗吉尼亚伍尔夫是20世纪文坛上的一名杰出的女作家,她被尊为意识流小说的鼻祖之一,与乔伊斯、福克纳等意识流小说大师齐名。同时,她又被尊为西方当代女性主义的“母亲”,她认为女性应该在经济上和精神上独立,并拥有自己的生活空间和精神空间。此外,还要勇于表达自我的真实想法。她认为女性主义的最终目的是消解两性之间的对立,以达到两者的和谐状态。因此,她在一间自己的房间中提出了“双性同体”理论。本文试图从女性主义角度解读一间自己的屋子,分析伍尔夫的女性

2、主义思想,以期更好的理解文学中的女性主义。伍尔夫的女性主义思想在21世纪的今天仍有极强的思考意义。关键字弗吉尼亚伍尔夫;独立;空间;双性同体;女性主义IIABSTRACTVIRGINIAWOOLFISANOUTSTANDINGWOMANNOVELISTIN20THCENTURYSHEHASBEENREGARDEDASONEOFTHEREPRESENTATIVESOFTHESTREAMOFCONSCIOUSNESS,ENJOYINGEQUALPOPULARITYWITHJOYCEANDFAULKNERMEANWHILE,SHEISREGARDEDASTHEMOTHEROFMODERNFEMINI

3、SMINTHEWESTSHETHINKSTHATFEMALESSHOULDBEFINANCIALLYANDSPIRITUALLYINDEPENDENTANDHAVETHEIROWNLIVINGSPACEANDSPIRITUALSPACEINADDITION,WOMENALSONEEDTOEXPRESSTHEMSELVESBRAVELYANDSINCERELYSHECONSIDERSTHEFINALGOALOFFEMINISMISTODISPELTHEOPPOSITIONBETWEENMALESANDFEMALESANDTOREACHAHARMONIOUSSTATETHEREFORE,SHEPR

4、OPOSESTHETHEORYOFANDROGYNYINAROOMOFONESOWNTHISTHESISTRIESTODISCUSSAROOMOFONESOWNFROMTHEANGLEOFFEMINISM,ANDANALYZEWOOLFSFEMINISMSOASTOSEEKABROADERUNDERSTANDINGOFFEMINISMLITERATUREINGENERALSTUDYINGWOOLFSTILLHASAPROFOUNDMEANINGIN21STCENTURYKEYWORDSVIRGINIAWOOLFINDEPENDENCESPACEANDROGYNYFEMINISMIIICONTE

5、NTSABSTRACTII1INTRODUCTION12WHATSFEMINISM221THEETYMOLOGYOFTHETERM“FEMINISM“222THEDEFINITIONOFTHETERM“FEMINISM”323VIRGINIASCONCEPTSOFFEMINISM33VIRGINIASFEMINISTIDEAINAROOMOFONESOWN431ECONOMICINDEPENDENCE532HAVINGAROOMOFONESOWN6321LIVINGSPACE6322SPIRITUALSPACE733ESTABLISHINGFEMALESVALUE734THEPURSUITOF

6、ANDROGYNY84FACTORSLEADINGTOVIRGINIASFEMINISTVIEW941HERPARENTSSINFLUENCE1042THEBLOOMSBURYGROUPSINFLUENCE1143SEXUALASSAULTBYHERBROTHERS1244THEINDUSTRIALREVOLUTIONANDTHEWOMENSRIGHTMOVEMENT135CONCLUSION13BIBLIOGRAPHY17ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS1811INTRODUCTIONVIRGINIAWOOLF18821941,ISAFAMOUSWOMANNOVELISTINTHE20THC

7、ENTURYANDSHEISONEOFTHEIMPORTANTMODERNISTNOVELISTSMEANWHILE,SHEISONEOFTHEREPRESENTATIVESOFTHESTREAMOFCONSCIOUSNESS,ENJOYINGEQUALPOPULARITYWITHJOYCEANDFAULKNERWHATSMORE,SHEISREGARDEDASTHEMOTHEROFMODERNFEMINISMINTHEWESTLITERARYCRITICISMOFVIRGINIAWOOLFHASPROLIFERATEDSINCETHE1980SSOMECRITICSAPPRAISEHERWO

8、RKSANDSOMEAPPRAISEHERPERSONSOMEANALYZEHERWORKSCONSCIOUSNESS,ANDSOMEANALYZEHERFEMINISMSOMESTUDYHERWORKSFROMETHICS,SOMEFROMAESTHETICS,SOMEFROMHOMOSEXUALITY,SOMEFROMPSYCHOLOGYSHEISNOTONLYAGREATWRITER,BUTALSOA“FORERUNNER,INDEEDTHEMOTHEROFTHECONTEMPORARYANGLOAMERICANFEMINISM”ASZHUGANGDESCRIBESZHUGANG2006

9、342ASFORHERFEMINISM,SOMECRITICIZEHERFEMINISMASANEXTREMETYPEFORTHEYTHINKHERREPRESENTEDIDEAOFFEMINISMANDROGYNYMEANSSHEINTENDSTOREPLACEMALEVALUEWITHFEMALEVALUESOMECRITICIZEHERDEVIATINGTHEFEMINISMFORTHEYTHINKSHECOULDNTBEARHEROWNFEMALEIDENTITY,SOSHEHADTOGIVEUPTOTHEPATRIARCHALSOCIETYANDSWAMPEDINTHEMUDOFUT

10、OPIANTHOUGHTOFANDROGYNYWHILETHEOTHERSPRAISEITHIGHLYFORITISANADVANCEMENTINTHESTAGEOFFEMINISMSDEVELOPMENTXUWEIANALYZESWOOLFSFEMINISM,BOTHASATHEORETICALANALYSISOFGENDERINEQUALITYANDOPPRESSION,ANDASAPOLITICALMOVEMENTHERPAPERANALYZESTHATWOOLFHOWTOANALYZETHEQUESTIONOF“WOMENWRITING“INTHETHEORYANDHOWTOPRACT

11、ICEITINHERWRITINGWOOLFISCONCERNEDWITHTHENATUREOFWOMANHOODTHEFOCUSONWOMENCHARACTERSINWOOLFSFICTIONISCENTRALTOMUCHEARLYFEMINISTCRITICISM,ASWELLASNONORANTIFEMINISTCRITICISMTOANEXTENT,“ANGER“AND“ANDROGYNY“ARETHETWOTERMSMOSTCENTRALTOFEMINISTDEBATESONWOOLFTHEIRCENTRALITYSERVESTOFURTHERINCREASETHEIMPORTANC

12、EOFAROOMOFONESOWNASTHEKEYTEXTOFWOOLFSFEMINISMANDFEMINISMSWOOLF,FORITISHERETHAT“ANGER“AND“ANDROGYNY“AREMOSTFULLYDISCUSSEDANDAROOMOFONESOWNISSEENBYMANYCRITICSTOSUBDUEANDREPRESSWOMENSANGERINFAVOROFAMORESERENEGENDERTRANSCENDENTORANDROGYNOUSCREATIVITYXUWEI,20043839WUQINGHONGTRIESTOANALYZE,TOSHOWANDTOCRIT

13、ICIZEVIRGINIASFEMINISMINTHEDEVELOPMENTOFWESTERNFEMINISMANDSHEINDEEDDIDIT,COMPREHENSIVELYANDINTENSIVELYHERMAINVIEWPOINTISTHATVIRGINIAWOOLFISTHEMOSTIMPORTANTREPRESENTATIVEPERSONINTHEHISTORYOFFEMINISMSDEVELOPMENTWOOLFSANALYSISONFEMINISMCORRECTEDTHESHORTAGEOFFEMINISMIN1890STO1990S,WHICHEMPHASIZEDTHEEQUA

14、LITYBETWEENMENANDWOMENONLAWWHATSMORE,HERFEMINISMINSPIREDTHENEWFEMINISTIN1960SAND1970STODECONSTRUCTMALESPOLITICALANDCULTURALSUPREMACYANDESTABLISHFEMALESVISUALANGLE,WHICH2PREDICTEDTHEDEVELOPMENTDIRECTIONOFPOSTFEMINISMIN1990SWUQINGHONG,20055MATINGTINGDRAWSACONCLUSIONTHATWOOLFSFEMINISMISNOTAPANACEAFORAL

15、LWOMEN,BUTANOCCIDENTALONEWITHINTENSETENDENCYOFRACIALISMMATINGTING,2006IIIWUHAIXIAPROBESTHEUNIQUEFEMINISTTHOUGHTSOFVIRGINIAWOOLF,WHICHSHETHINKSAREQUITEDIFFERENTFROMMOSTOFTHEOTHERFEMINISTSITISCLEARLYTHATSINCETHEAPPEARANCEOFFEMINISM,THEOPPOSITIONSBETWEENMENANDWOMENHAVEBEENHIGHLIGHTED,ANDFEMINISMISRELAT

16、EDTOTHEMARGINALIZATIONOFALLWOMEN,WITHTHEIRBEINGRELEGATEDTOASECONDARYPOSITIONMOSTFEMINISTSHOLDTHEIRVIEWSTHATTHESOCIALCULTUREISAPATRIARCHALCULTUREWOOLFREALIZESTHATWOMENARECONFRONTEDWITHINEQUALITIESANDEXCLUSIONINTHEPATRIARCHALSOCIETYWOOLFWITNESSESTHEEFFORTSANDACHIEVEMENTSTHEFEMINISTSHAVEMADETOGETEQUALR

17、IGHTSANDPOSITIONSWITHMEN,WHEREASSHEAIRSHERVIEWTHATTHEFINALGOALOFFEMINISMISTODECONSTRUCTTHEBINARYOPPOSITIONSBETWEENTHETWOSEXESSHEPRESENTSHERFAMOUSTHEORYOF“ANDROGYNY“INAROOMOFONESOWNSHEARGUESTHATANDROGYNYISTHEBESTSTATEOFMINDFORWRITING,INWHICHAWRITERCANMAKEPERFECTARTISTICEXPRESSIONWUHAIXIA,2007IIWOOLFC

18、RITICIZESTHEPATRIARCHALSOCIETYINHERWORKS,ANDPROMPTSUSTOREEXAMINETHEHISTORYOFHUMANBYAFEMALEANGLETOCREATEANEWCIVILIZATIONHERIDEOLOGYANDPERCEPTIONOPENSANDENLIGHTENSTHEIDEAOFFEMINISMINMANYASPECTSTHISPAPERTRIESTOANALYZEWOOLFSCONCEPTSOFFEMINISMTHROUGHTHEREADINGOFAROOMOFONESOWN,TOGETAFURTHERUNDERSTANDINGON

19、FEMINISM,WHICHCANALSOHELPDEEPENCHINESEFEMALESCOMPREHENSIONOFFEMINISM2WHATSFEMINISMATTHEVERYBEGINNINGOFTHISPAPER,ABASICQUESTIONNEEDSTOBEANSWEREDTHATISWHATFEMINISMISINTHEACADEMICCIRCLESOFEUROPEANDAMERICA,“FEMINISM“GENERALLYREFERSTOANYACTIVITIESTOSTRIVEFORANDTICKUPFORTHERIGHTOFFEMALESITHASSEVERALHUNDRE

20、DYEARSHISTORYANDHASCOMPLEXCONTENTSTHEREFORE,ITISDIFFICULTTODEFINEIT21THEETYMOLOGYOFTHETERM“FEMINISM“THETERM“FEMINISM“ISDERIVEDDIRECTLYFROMTHELATINWORDFMINA,WHICHMEANSWOMANTHISTERMANDITSDERIVATIVESORIGINATEDINFRANCEDURINGTHELATE19THCENTURYTHEFIRSTPERSONWHOCALLEDHERSELFFEMINISTWASAFRENCHSUFFRAGETTEACT

21、IVIST,HUBERTINEAUCLERT18481914SHEFIRSTUSEDTHISTERMINHERPERIODICALCALLEDLACITOYENNEIN1880CAIQING,20053HOWEVER,ALTHOUGHTHISTERMWASUSEDINHERPERIODICALS,ITWASNOTPOPULAR3AMONGWOMENADVOCATESWHOWERERATHERMODERATEINSTEADOF“FEMINIST“,THESEWOMENCALLEDTHEIRORGANIZATION“FEMININE“ITWASNOTUNTILTHEBEGINNINGOFTHE20

22、THCENTURYWHEN“FEMINISM“BECAMEACCEPTEDBYMOSTWOMENSUFFRAGETTEACTIVISTS22THEDEFINITIONOFTHETERM“FEMINISM”INBROADSENSE,FEMINISMCANBEDEFINEDASSOCIALMOVEMENT,WHICHTAKESELIMINATINGSEXDISCRIMINATIONANDENDINGTHEOPPRESSIONONWOMENASITSPOLITICALGOALSITALSOINCLUDESTHEREVOLUTIONINIDEOLOGYANDCULTUREWHICHEMERGEDFRO

23、MTHEPROCESSFORPURSUINGITSPOLITICALGOALSINTHISSENSE,FEMINISTSREPRESENTTHOSEWHODEVOTETHEMSELVESINTHISMOVEMENTSINCERELY,ANDANYMALESANDFEMALESWHOTAKEPARTINTHEREVOLUTIONOFIDEOLOGYANDCULTUREINITSNARROWSENSE,FEMINISMREFERSTOAKINDOFMETHODOLOGYTHATREGARDSANDANALYSESAQUESTIONINAGENDERPERSPECTIVEFEMINISMNOWSTA

24、NDSFORAMOVEMENTORPHILOSOPHYTHATQUESTIONSTHEUNEQUALBALANCEOFPOWERBETWEENMENANDWOMENFEMINISTSFIGHTFOREQUALITYBETWEENMENANDWOMENTHETERM“FEMINISM“HASBECOMETHENAMEFORTHEWOMENSMOVEMENT,THEQUESTFORSOCIALCHANGESAIMEDATIMPROVINGTHEPOSITIONOFWOMENFEMINISMISDEFINEDBOTHAS“THETHEORYOFTHEPOLITICAL,ECONOMIC,ANDSOC

25、IALEQUALITYOFTHESEXES“AND“ORGANIZEACTIVITYONBEHALFOFWOMENSRIGHTSANDINTERESTS“(MERRIAMWEBSTER,2003461HENCE,THETERMFEMINISMISNOTONLYABOUTTHESTRUGGLEFORPOLITICALRIGHTSITISASYSTEMOFIDEASANDASOCIALMOVEMENT,DIRECTEDTOWARDSOPPOSINGMENSPRIVILEGEOFPOSITIONANDWOMENSSUBORDINATIONTHISTERMCONTAINSREDISTRIBUTIONO

26、FPOWERANDRECOGNITIONOFSEXEQUALITY23VIRGINIASCONCEPTSOFFEMINISMVIRGINIAWOOLFISNOTONLYAFEMALEWRITER,BUTALSOAPIONEEROFFEMINISMHERESSENTIALCONTRIBUTIONTOFEMINISMISHERPERSEVERANCETHATSOCIALANDECONOMICELEMENTSARECRITICALTOSHAPEWOMENSCREATIVITYANDPERCEPTIONACCORDINGTOHERIDEA,WOMENPLAYAHISTORICALROLETOJOINI

27、NTHECREATIONOFHUMANCIVILIZATION,ESPECIALLYTHEARTSWHATSHEEMPHASIZESISTHATFEMALESSHOULDFACETHEREALITYANDTHINKTHINGSTHATRELATEDTOTHEMINSTEADOFTHINKINGTHINGSTHATCONCERNEDMENTHEREFORE,SHEPUTSFORWARDTHEIDEATHATFEMALESSHOULDSETUPALITERATUREOFTHEIROWNTODEALWITHTHEANGERTHATAPPEARSINTHEPROCESSOFWRITINGANDDERI

28、VESFROMTHEINEQUALITYBETWEENMENANDWOMEN,SHEPROPOSESACONCEPTOFANDROGYNYANANDROGYNOUSMINDISTHEBESTSTATEOFMINDFORDOINGLITERARYCREATIONHOWEVER,ITCAUSESAHEATEDDEBATEAMONGLATERFEMINISTSALTHOUGHITISCONTROVERSIAL,SHECREATESABRIGHTFUTUREFORFEMALES4VIRGINIASVIEWOFFEMINISMISEMBODIEDINTENSIVELYINTHEIDEAOFANDROGY

29、NYANDROGYNYHASMORETHANONEMEANINGITMAYREFERTOTHEANATOMICALCOEXISTENCEOFTWOSORTSOFSEXORGANSINTHESAMEBODYORELSETOTHEALLEGORYOFAFORMOFSPIRITUALPERFECTIONINOTHERCASES,ITISRELATEDTOTHEEXPLICITCOEXISTENCEOFMALEANDFEMALEQUALITIESINTHESAMEENTITYWUHAIXIA,20072324TOPUTITSIMPLY,ANDROGYNYMEANSFULLBALANCEANDCOMMA

30、NDOFANEMOTIONALRANGETHATINCLUDESMALEANDFEMALEELEMENTSSHETHINKSTHEFINALGOALFORFEMINISMISTOELIMINATETHEOPPOSITIONBETWEENMALESANDFEMALESVIRGINIASFEMINISMINCLUDESECONOMICINDEPENDENCE,SPIRITUALINDEPENDENCEHERANALYSISONFEMINISMCORRECTEDTHESHORTAGEOFFEMINISMIN1890STO1990S,WHICHEMPHASIZEDTHEEQUALITYBETWEENM

31、ENANDWOMENONLAWWHATSMORE,HERVIEWOFFEMINISMINSPIREDTHENEWFEMINISTIN1960SAND1970STODECONSTRUCTMALESPOLITICALANDCULTURALSUPREMACYANDESTABLISHFEMALESVISUALANGLE,PREDICTINGTHEORIENTATIONOFPOSTFEMINISMIN1990S3VIRGINIASFEMINISTIDEAINAROOMOFONESOWNAROOMOFONESOWNISVIRGINIASREPRESENTATIVEWORKOFFEMINISMINOCTOB

32、ER,1928,VIRGINIAWOOLFWASINVITEDTOGIVETWOACADEMICSPEECHESBYCAMBRIDGEUNIVERSITYONEWASINTHEARTSOCIETYOFNEWNHAM,THEOTHERWASINTHEGORDONWOMENCOLLEGETHELECTURETOPICWASWOMENANDFICTIONTHENEXTYEAR,SHEPUBLISHEDABROCHURE,WHICHWASWRITTENONTHEBASISOFTHESETWOLECTURESQUICKLY,THEBOOKLETAMAZEDTHEWORLDWITHASINGLEFEATA

33、TTHATTIMEUPTONOW,ITHASBECOMETHEMOSTFAMOUSWORKANDHASMOSTREADERSCOMPAREDTOHEROTHERWORKSITISUNIVERSALLYACKNOWLEDGEDASADECLARATIONOFWESTERNFEMINISMTHEWORKAROOMOFONESOWNCANBEDIVIDEDINTOSIXPARTSTHEFIRSTPARTDESCRIBESANEXPERIENCEINOXBRIDGEUNIVERSITYFABRICATEDBYTHEAUTHOR,WHICHSHOWSANUNFAIRTREATMENTTHATFEMALE

34、SRECEIVEDINAPATRIARCHALSOCIETYTHESECONDPARTREPRESENTSAPHENOMENONTHATTHEAUTHORFOUNDALARGEAMOUNTOFBOOKSABOUTWOMENSPROBLEMSWRITTENBYMENINTHEENGLANDMUSEUMWHATSWORSE,ONEPROFESSORCLAIMEDABSOLUTELYINHISMARVELOUSWORKTHATFEMALESINTELLIGENCE,PHYSICALPOWERANDMORALITYAREALLLOWERTHANMALESINTHETHIRDPART,THEWRITER

35、SKETCHESAHYPOTHETICAL“JUDITH“SHAKESPEARE,SISTEROFWILLIAM,WHOISASBRILLIANTANDPROMISINGASHE,BUTHERTALENTISUNDOUBTEDLYBURIEDBYTHEPATRIARCHALSOCIETYWOOLFTRACEDBACKTOTHEFEMALESROUGHPROCESSFORGETTINGINTHELITERATUREARENAINTHEFORTHPARTAPHRABEHN16401689,APLAYWRIGHT,NOVELISTANDPOETOFENGLAND,WHOISTHEFIRSTENGLI

36、SHFEMALETOBECAMEAPROFESSIONALWRITERIN17THCENTURYTHENWOMENWRITERSBEGANTOFEELPROUDANDELATEDHOWEVER,MOSTENGLISHWOMENWRITERSHADTOUSEMALESNAMEASPENNAMESTORELIEVETHEIRSOCIALPRESSUREDURINGTHE19THCENTURYINTHEFIFTH5PART,THEAUTHORPOINTSOUTTHATITISNECESSARYTOSTRENGTHENFEMALESAWARENESSOFKNOWINGTHEDIFFERENCEBETW

37、EENMALESANDFEMALESONLYINTHISWAY,SHETHINKS,FEMALESCANREALIZETHETRUEVALUEOFTHEMSELVESINTHELASTPART,VIRGINIAAGREESWITHSAMUELTAYLORCOLERIDGESANDROGYNOUSIDEA,BELIEVINGTHATAWRITERSCREATIVESOULSHOULDHAVEBOTHMASCULINITYANDFEMININITYINOTHERWORDS,APERSONISABISEXUALITYINSTEADOFAUNISEXUALITYAPERSONISANDROGYNOUS

38、WHENFULLBALANCEANDCOMMANDOFANEMOTIONALRANGETHATINCLUDESMALEANDFEMALEELEMENTSREACHED,THESEMENWRITERSORWOMENWRITERSCANCREATEGREATWORKS31ECONOMICINDEPENDENCEFEMALESAREFACINGANECONOMICPROBLEMASISKNOWNTOALL,ECONOMYISTHEBASISOFLIVINGWOMENLOSETHEIRECONOMICSOURCE,WHENTHEPATRIARCHALSOCIETYEXCLUDESTHEMFROMTHE

39、PUBLICWORK,WHICHCAUSESTHEMSINKINAPOORSTATEINREALITY,WHATFEMALESAREENGAGEDINAREHUMANBEINGSPERSONALPRODUCTIONANDALLKINDSOFNECESSARYHOUSEWORKSTOMAINTAINMANYFAMILIESFUNCTIONSWHENWOMENAREDOINGTHESE,THEYUSEUPTHEIRPHYSICALPOWER,ENERGY,ANDEVENSACRIFICETHEIRLIVESHOWEVER,THESEAREALLDONEINTHEAREAOFFAMILYTHEIRY

40、IELDSOFTENCANNOTLEAVEANYTANGIBLEFRUITSFOREXAMPLE,THECOOKEDFOODWILLBEEATENUP,THEWASHEDCLOTHESWILLBEDIRTYAFTERWEARINGAGAIN,ANDCHILDRENWHOHAVEBEENRAISEDUPWILLLEAVEHOMETOGETINTHEIROWNWORLDDONTTHESEHOUSEHOLDLABORSHAVEANYVALUEISTHEREANYBODYWHOPAYSTHEMSALARYTHEREFORE,THESENATURAL,NONCOMMERCIALLABORSAREEXCL

41、UDEDFROMTHESOCIALLABORBYTHEPATRIARCHALSOCIETY,BECAUSETHEYAREONLYRELATEDWITHPERSONALFAMILYMEMBERSANDTHEYCANNOTCREATEVALUEDIRECTLYSINCETHEUNPAIDLABORTAKEUPMOSTENERGYOFFEMALES,THEYLOSETHEIRSUBJECTPOSITIONINTHESOCIETYANDLOSETHESOURCEOFFINANCETHEREFORE,IFFEMALESWANTTOGETRIDOFTHEDISADVANTAGEDSTATUSIMPOSED

42、ONTHEMBYHISTORYANDREALITY,THEYSHOULDSTRIVEFORTHEECONOMICPOSITIONJUSTLIKEWHATWOOLFSAYSINAROOMOFONESOWN,WOMENSHOULDHAVEREVENUEOF500POUNDSEVERYYEARSHECONSIDERSTHATTHEMAINREASONWHYTHEREARESOLESSWOMENWRITERSISTHATOURMOTHERISTOOPOORFOREXAMPLE,IFMARYSMOTHER“HADGONEINTOBUSINESSHADBECOMEAMANUFACTUREROFARTIFI

43、CIALSILKORAMAGNATEONTHESTOCKEXCHANGEIFSHEHADLEFTTWOORTHREEHUNDREDTHOUSANDPOUNDSTOFERNHAM,WECOULDHAVEBEENSITTINGATOUREASETONIGHTANDTHESUBJECTOFOURTALKMIGHTHAVEBEENARCHAEOLOGY,BOTANYANTHROPOLOGY,PHYSICS,THENATUREOFTHEATOM,MATHEMATICS,ASTRONOMY,RELATIVELY,GEOGRAPHYIFONLYMRSSETONANDHERMOTHERANDHERMOTHER

44、BEFOREHERHADLEARNTTHEGREATARTOFMAKINGMONEYANDHADLEFTTHEIRMONEY,LIKETHEIRFATHERSANDTHEIRGRANDFATHERSBEFORETHEM,TOFOUNDFELLOWSHIPSANDLECTURESHIPSANDPRIZESANDSCHOLARSHIPSAPPROPRIATEDTOTHEUSEOFTHEIROWNSEX,WEMIGHTHAVELOOKEDFORWARDWITHOUTUNDUECONFIDENCETOAPLEASANTANDHONORABLELIFETIMESPENTINTHESHELTEROFONE

45、OF6THELIBERALLYENDOWEDPROFESSIONSWEMIGHTHAVEBEENEXPLORINGORWRITINGMOONINGABOUTTHEVENERABLEPLACESOFTHEEARTHSITTINGCONTEMPLATIVEONTHESTEPSOFTHEPARTHENON,ORGOINGATTENTOANOFFICEANDCOMINGHOMECOMFORTABLYATHALFPASTFOURTOWRITEALITTLEPOETRY“VIRGINIAWOOLF,2005576THEYHAVENTLEARNEDHOWTOMAKEMONEY,HOWTOMANAGETHEI

46、ROWNPROPERTYFORTHOUSANDSOFYEARS,WOMENAREHANDLINGHOUSEWORKSANDREARINGCHILDREN,WHILEMENAREDOINGBUSINESSFORMAKINGMONEYWHILEPRINCESANDARISTOCRATSUSETHEIRPROPERTIESTOBUILDMANYSCHOOLSANDLIBRARIES,WOMENAREREJECTEDOUTOFTHECOLLEGESTHEYARERESTRICTEDINASMALLCIRCLEOFFAMILYTHEYHAVENORIGHTSTORECEIVEEDUCATIONASARE

47、SULTOFBEINGDEPRIVEDOFENJOYINGRIGHTSOFOWNINGTHEIROWNPROPERTY,FEMALESDESIRESFORMAKINGMONEYARECONSTRAINEDTHETHOUSANDSOFYEARSINFLUENCEOFPATRIARCHALSOCIETYPLACESWOMENINAPENNILESSPOSITIONWOMENBEGANTOWALKOUTOFTHEHOUSEHOLDIN20THCENTURYTHUS,MANYWOMENWRITERSSPRUNGUPWECANSEETHATFORTHELATESTHUNDREDYEARS,THEAPPE

48、ARANCEOFMANYWOMENWRITERSARECONCERNEDWITHTHERIGHTSWOMENHAVEACHIEVED,ESPECIALLYTHEACQUIREMENTOFECONOMICRIGHT,WHICHPLAYSANIMPORTANTANDPOSITIVEROLEINARTCREATINGWOOLFHERSELFALSOADMITTEDTHATSHEANDHERSISTEROBTAINEDALLTHEIRFATHERSBOOKSAFTERTHEIRFATHERSDEATH,SOSHECOULDSTARTHERWRITINGCAREERINAROOMOFONESOWN,TH

49、ENARRATORALSOREPEATEDLYSAYSTHATBUTFORHERAUNTS500POUNDSHERITAGE,ITMIGHTHAVEBEENHARDFORHERTOBREAKAWAYMOSTWOMENSFATEWORKINGHARDINTHEHOUSEHOLDORGOINGOUTFOREARNINGMONEYTOKEEPTHEPOTBOILINGALLINALL,FEMALESSHOULDBEINDEPENDENTINTHEECONOMY32HAVINGAROOMOFONESOWNVIRGINIASAIDTHAT“AWOMANMUSTHAVEMONEYANDAROOMOFHEROWNIFSHEISTOWRITEFICTION“VIRGINIAWOOLF,2005555ITHASBEENDISCUSSEDTHATFEMALESSHOULDBEFINANCIALLYINDEPENDENTNOW,ITTURNSTOAROOMOFONESOWNHAVINGAROOMOFONESOWNNOTONLYINDICATESTHATFEMALESSHOULDHAVETHEIRBASICLIVINGSPACE,BUTAL

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