1、中国的水质评价统计表与质量账户表的衔接 link between Chinas water quality assessment tables and quality accounts table,Chain Institute of Water Resources and Hydro Researchduxia,内 容,一、中国的水质监测评价体系二、中国的水质评价结果统计表三、水质评价结果统计表与质量账户表的衔接,一、水质监测评价体系,1.1、水质评价数据的来源 水利系统的水质监测工作始于1956年,其建立的监测网站覆盖了全国主要的江河湖库,最大优势在于与水文站(hydrologic sta
2、tions)结合,可做到水生生物(Aquaticbiology)、沉积物(sediment)、水量(water quality)、水质( water quantity)同步监测。,1.1、水质评价数据的来源 水质监测评价体系由水利部、流域(流域直属)、省及地 市水环境监测中心和分中心四级组成 ,共有251个监测中心,2600余个监测站。,二、水质监测评价体系,二、水利系统水质评价数据的来源,水利部系统地表水环境监测网站,1.2、水质评价内容1、按河流长度、湖库面积评价水体的水质级别;2、按水功能区的使用功能(Water function zones )评价水功能区的达标状况。,水利部定期发布水
3、质信息:中国水资源公报(水质部分)中国水资源质量年报全国主要江河重点河段水质通报省界水体水环境质量通报重点城市供水水源地水资源质量状况旬报,一、水质监测评价体系,1.3、水质监测数据要求,一、水质监测评价体系,1.4、水质评价标准专业标准:不同部门的用水水质标准,一、水质监测评价体系,1.4、水质评价标准综合标准:不同水体水质的管理标准。,一、水质监测评价体系,1.4、水质评价标准: 通常国家GB3838-2002标准,GB3838-2002标准的水质分类及水域功能,一、水质监测评价体系,I level mainly suitable for the source water, the cou
4、ntry natural protection area; II level mainly suitable for central living drinking surface water source area first level protection zones, rare and precious aquatic biological habitat, fishes and shrimps spawning grounds, young juvenile fish feeding ground and so on; III level mainly suitable for ce
5、ntral living drinking surface water source area secondary level protection zones, fishes and shrimps wintering and returning grounds, fishery waters and swimming area and so on; IV level mainly suitable for common industral water districts and leisure water districts that contact human body non- dir
6、ectly; V level mainly suitable for the agricultural water district, irrigations, and common landscapes and so on.,1.4、水质评价标准: 通常国家GB3838-2002标准,1.5、水质评价项目(Quality assessment parameter),一、水质监测评价体系,1.6、评价方法:assessment method根据应实现的水域功能类别,选取相应类别标准,进行单因子评价。 单因子评价即根据标准中规定的水质类别,将某监测断面个水质参数的实测浓度值与标准值进行对比,选取
7、最差水质参数的类别最为该水体的水质类别。 According to the waters functions, choosing corresponding quality target, the rule of single gene appraisal is applied.This method always choosing the lowest or most parameter value from a certain set. This rule can be applied at the quality classifications at a monitoring point
8、.,一、水质监测评价体系,1.7、评价方法:assessment method划分单元河段:为便于对整个河流水质进行评价,按一定原则划分单元河段。单元河段浓度平均值的确定方法 (1) (2),式中:Cn单项参数i的河段浓度均值,mg/L;M 单元河段的监测断面数;Cm单项参数i的断面浓度均值,mg/L; I 断面上的测点数;Ci 单项参数i的实测浓度值,mg/L。,一、水质监测评价体系,2.1、评价结果:assessment method水功能区水质状况评价结果统计表,二、水质评价结果统计表,2.1、评价结果:assessment method 河流水质状况评价结果统计表,二、水质评价结果统计
9、表,中国地表水水质类别图,三、水质帐户表的填写,评价标准评价参数评价方法,Thank You!,Table 7.3 can be compiled for the following water resources: lakes, rivers, reservoirs andgroundwater. Two steps are generally used to compile water quality accounts: Defining quality and quality classes (see section B), Defining units that enable the aggregation of water volumes sorted by quality classes.,