1、1 外文翻译 原文 CAREER PLANNING material Source: THE FUTURIST November December2005,www.wfs.org Author: Tom Atwater 1 Career planning What comes to your mind when you think about career planning? Many people arent sure what career planning means. For our purposes we will define career planning as A goal t
2、hat you desire to achieve in a selected field or occupation with a well thought out plan to get you there. Why decide on a career goal? A career goal helps you focus and make decisions on what you want to do for a living. It directs you, motivates you and helps you to accomplish what you want. A car
3、eer goal helps you focus and make decisions on what you want to do for a living. A career goal can be a specific jobsuch as a clerk or teacheror a career goal can be a particular field you want to work in, such as transportation or education. A career goal may help you discover your talent, skills a
4、nd abilities and possibilities that you wouldnt have thought of. Many possibilities exist with any career you choose. Having a career goal can guide you to doing what you want to do in your liferather than just aimlessly drifting from job to job. Once you choose a career, it would be to your advanta
5、ge to think strategically about the steps you need to take to accomplish your goal. The future is unpredictable; however, you should still make career goals and plan the necessary steps to your goal. 2 Expectation and disappointments With every goal there is an anticipated desired outcome. We call t
6、his an expectation.Our expectations help keep us motivated. When we realize our goal, we often feel joy and satisfaction. All of us have expectations and disappointments. In the process in thinking about our goals, we have to be prepared to have disappointments. Career planning is simply goal planni
7、ng with the intention of setting goals for jobs and career.The world we live in works in certain ways. The more one knows how it works, the better one can achieve those goals by utilizing the 2 processes that give you the advantage. In order to remain competitive you need to be as flexible as you ca
8、n and continually increase your skills. Some things you can do are: go to school, take workshops or seminars, keep up with trade journals and talk to people who are knowledgeable in the field. Today, its almost mandatory for us to take some form of training all through our care keep up with the time
9、s. When I talk about training or skill, Im not just talking about things like organization and time management, although these are important. However, stress management, problem solving, risk taking, and overcoming procrastination, to name a few, are equally, if not more important, to getting to you
10、r goal. 3 Career planning is important Lets suppose you choose a field. Career planning is not planning for that field on a one-time only basis, but its a continuing process; in fact, you can call it a lifetime process. We are always learning and growing, and as we do, our interests and needs also c
11、hange. Career planning is not just making plans to obtain your perfect job or career, but to help you make the many adjustments there will be along the way as you learn about you and your world or work. Career planning is estimating, predicting and calculating all the steps necessary to achieving yo
12、ur goals. In the process, you are always making choices. When you choose one alternative over another, this is called an opportunity cost. An opportunity cost is the cost of passing up your next best choice when making a decision. In career planning, we need to always be mindful of our opportunity c
13、osts and take into consideration all that will come our way. Those who have successful careers understand how the game of work is played. As you can see career planning is more than just looking at jobs and positions and working hard. Career planning is a process and is always ongoing and often runs
14、 in cycles. When you desire change in your career, the process can be repeated many times. In planning your career, try to find the people who can be mentors for you and assist you along the way. Career planning is no different than any goal setting and planning. The difference is that you are speci
15、fically separating your career and job goals from all other goals you may have. The reason most people do not turn their wishes and dreams into reality is because they dont take these wishes and dreams and make them goals. A goal is a dream with a deadline. There are many reasons why people dont mak
16、e goals for themselves. The biggest reason is they dont understand that the process of goal setting is a skill. All 3 of us have made some goals in our life and achieved them. But most of these were not large or life changing goals like going into business, changing careers, becoming wealthy, writin
17、g a novel, going from office clerk to a top executive or becoming an expert in your field. Avoid these career planning errors. As a kid, you aspired to be a doctor, astronaut or princess. But as you get older, the innocent “What do you want to be when you grow up?“ really starts to hit home. “Im 20
18、years old,“ you may want to say. “How am I supposed to know?“ Whether youre just entering college or preparing for graduation, nows the time to start thinking about your career. While no single article can tell you how to choose your occupational destiny, Donald Asher outlines some common career pla
19、nning mistakes to avoid in his book How to Get Any Job with Any Major (Ten Speed Press). (1). Confusing what youre good at with what you like to do. You dont have to spend your life singing at weddings just because you have a silky voice. Nor do you have to become a chef because you have an uncanny
20、gift with spices. To jump-start your career search, jot down two lists: one listing what youre good at, and one of things you love to do. Though it might require more soul searching, the list of what you enjoy is the most important. Why? Because if you enjoy doing something, youll do it for more tha
21、n just a regular paycheck. Youll do it more often, youll invest in training, youll do it when its difficult - youll do it until youre good at it, and then some! (2). Confusing avocations with vocations. So youve made your lists and discovered you love running, law, reading and basket weaving. Now yo
22、uve scratching your head, puzzling over how to combine all of these aspects into one job. Dont worry - you dont have to. Believing your job has to satisfy the whole you is a common source of career error. Mind you, this does not mean you cant love your job - you can just have a whole heap of activit
23、ies and hobbies (avocations) on top of it. For example, you may love to dance but you know you cant earn enough dancing as a career. Dance, then, is a great avocation for you. You can continue to dance for fun, but separately from your day job. (3). Confusing one aspect of a job with the whole job.
24、What you like to do doesnt have to the primary thing you do. Often people over-identify with the thing they like to do - believing they must become it instead of doing it.A common example is someone who likes to write. Instead of looking for opportunities to do writing, he thinks he has to become a
25、writer. He only pursues 4 writing-only careers like novelist, journalist or copyrighter, when instead, he could have looked into being a minister, public relations assistant, editor or government lobbyist. 4 University student career No matter you were just make great strides forward the university
26、school gate new student, or was is rushing about Yu Gezhong to advertise for the meeting the graduate, to the oneself itself correct localization, planned own professional direction, determined own goal, and then made the corresponding endeavor, all was imperative Is precisely the source to this, “t
27、he university student professional profession plan“ this idea is has the positive sense . Freshman class for probe time: Wanted to be preliminary has dismissed from office the enhancement interpersonal communication ability. The big study duty is not heavy, should participate in the school activity,
28、 the increase exchange technique .but do not have blindly to participate . The second year for the direction detection .should consider whether the future will pursue advanced studies or the employment, through group and so on participation student association or mass organization green will exercis
29、e own can the potential simultaneously examine own knowledge technique.to enhance own sense of responsibility, the initiative and suffers setbacks the ability, and will start auxiliary to have the choice to repair other specialized knowledge to fill oneself . Three grades approach the graduation for
30、 the sprint, the goal should lock in the enhancement seek employment the technique collection company information, and determined whether oneself has to take exams for postgraduate schools. Had positively to exercise oneself obtains independently solves the question ability and the creation impositi
31、ve general knowledge and joins the alumnus net green understanding old times to seek employment the situation; The hope goes abroad to study may contact studies abroad consultant, the participation studies abroad the series activity . Four grades should lock for the split up goal in the work apply a
32、nd succeed in the employment By now might first prepare to previous three years to make a summary: Whether first examines oneself already professional goal Ming? which establishes three years preparation is whether full; After then starts Shanghai which the graduation works to shift positively parti
33、cipates in the employment advertise activity, examines own accumulation and preparing a lesson or the simulation in the practice interviews. Positively uses the condition which the school provides, the 5 strengthening seeks employment the technique to carry on the simulation to interview and so on t
34、o teach green makes the full preparation as far as possible. When the university student carries on the professional profession plan, must oneself carry on the development localization, according to own ability, the design suits own goal, must have a different plan in the length different time, othe
35、rwise only is fantasizes, not realistic. In the design process must by oneself primarily, not have to think oneself infallible, simultaneously must refer expert opinions, lets design realistically, but operational is strong, best draws support from the regular specialized organization . In brief, th
36、e science reasonable professional profession plan is the essential work which each university student gets employed, also is in each university student professional profession developing process inevitably request. Our each people all should know oneself suitably makes any, as well as how achieves o
37、wn goal . 译文 生涯规划 资料来源 : THE FUTURIST November December2005,www.wfs.org 作者： Tom Atwater 1 职业 生涯规划 当你 开始思考职业生涯规划时你会想到什么？ 很多人都不是很肯定职业 生涯规划 的意思。对我们来说，我们认为职业 生涯规划 是 个人通过 一个好的计划来帮你达到一个 在特定 领域内或职业中 的目标。 为什么要 有 一个职业目标？一个职业目标将会帮助 集中精力并 决定 你将通过做什么工作来 谋生。它指导你，激励你并且帮助你完成你想要达到的目标。一个职业目标设定后，能帮 助你集中认真的处理你的工作，并且为你
38、以后想要过的生活做的事情做出决定。一个职业目标可能是一位具体的像一位办事员或者老师， 也 可能是你想要工作的一个特别的领域，例如运输或者教育。 事业目标也许帮助你发现你从来不会想过你会拥有一些的天分、技能和能力。许多工作 的 可能性存在于你选择的任一事业。 你的 事业目标可能引导你 去做 你想要做的工作 ， 而不是 漫无 目的 不断 的 从一个工作 换到 另一个工作。一旦6 你选择了一种事业，认真地考虑 要实现这一目标的战略计划将对你 以后的职业生涯 十分有益。 未来是变化莫测的，但是，你 任然可以指定 事业目标 ， 计 划 实现目标所 必要的步骤，以更好的实现你的目标。 2 期望与失望 每个
39、目标都是一个被期望的或渴望想要得到的结果，我们称这为期望。期望 不断地激励着我们 。当我们 实现目标时 ，我们经常感觉 极大地 喜悦和满 足 。我们 每个人都 有期望和失望。在我们 确定 目标的过程中，我们必须 做好 失望 的准备 。 职业生涯 规划 可以说是一个简单的 目标计划 。他是为我们的工作和事业设定目标。我们生活的世界是通过一种确定的方式运转的。你越是了解它是如何运转的，你就越可以通过利用这些计划好的过程所带给你的优势来实现自己的既定目标。 为了保持竞争力，你需要 尽可能 的灵活同时不断增加 你的技能 。 你 可以做一些事情 ： 你可以 去 上学 ， 参加 专题学术讨论会或研讨会，跟
40、上杂志行业趋势 ，通这个领域内 博学多才的学者谈话，了解社会的最新动向。今天，通过不断地尝试，我们有足够的时间来熟悉全部的形式。 当我谈到训练或技巧，我不是仅谈论到像组织和时间安排 这类事情 ，虽然这些很重要。但是，压力处理，解决问题，风险 承担 ，和克服耽搁， 是 对达到你的目标 有着 同等重要 的帮助 的事情。 3 事业规划的重要性 让 我们假设你选择的工作领域。 职业生涯 规划不是对 某个 领域进行基础的一次性的规划，而是一个持续的过程；实际 上，你 可以 称它 为一个 终身 学习的过程，在人的一生中不断的在进行着。 我们再不断地成长和学习，同样的， 我们的兴趣和需要 也在 不断的改变
41、。职业生涯 规划不是仅仅 帮助你获得最完美的工作和生涯和做的计划 ，而是帮助你做许多调整 ， 使你能更好的 适应 你的世界和工作的运作。 职业生涯 规划是预计，预言和计算所有有可能帮助你 实现既定 目标的 必要步骤，在这个过程中，你会一直做出不同的选择。当你选择一个而放弃另一个时，这叫机会成本。机会成本是当你做出选择而放弃另一件事情时， 多付出的代价。 在 职业生涯 规划中，我们需要记住我们的机会成本 并 考虑到 所有 将来生活 中可能 出现的计划成本。 那些事业成功的人知道自己的工作将会怎么发展。正如你所知道的，不仅仅是选择你和工作、职业、职位并不断努力。 7 事业规划是一个过程，是一个持续
42、不断运行的周期运动。当你渴望你的事业有所变化，那么这个过程可能会重覆许多次。在计划你的事业时，设法找到能是为你辅导和协助你走正确路的人。事业规划和所有的目标调协和计划都是一样的。区别是，你会将你的事业和工作目标从你可以得到的所有目标中分开来设计。 多数人 之所以不能 将他们的愿望和梦想 实现 ，是因为他们 没有将这些 愿望和梦想 变成自己的目标 ，目标是一 个最终达到的梦想。 人们不为他们自己设计职业目标有很多原因。最大的原因是他们不了解目标设置的过程是 需要 技巧 的 。我们大家在自己的生活中 都有一些可以 实现 的 目标。但多数这些不是大的目标或改变生活的目标，像进入商业 ， 改变的事业，
43、或者变得富裕，写小说，或者去做一个高级检查员主管等，或者在你工作的领域里成为一个专家 。 避免这些事业规划中出现的错误。当你还是一个孩子，你向往的是做一个医生，宇航员或公主。而是当你逐渐 成长 ， “ 等你长大了想做 什么 ” 的问题仍然会继续围绕着你， “ 我今年 20 岁 ” 你可能想说 “ 我怎么样才能知道我想要成为什么人？ ” 不管你是刚 进入大学或 正 准备毕业时， 现在就 开始 做好职业生涯规划吧。尽管没有 告诉你怎么选择你的职业 命运的文章 ， Donald Asher 在他的书里 不同专业的人如何选择工作 讲述了一些怎么样避免 职业生涯 规划共同的差错，以及怎么得到一个喜欢的工
44、作。 (1) 混淆 了 什么是你喜欢做的工作与什么是你善长做的工作。 你不需要 因为拥有美丽 的声音， 而一辈子 在婚礼上 唱歌 ， 也不需要因为 你在用香料方面有一种 特别的能力而 一定要成为厨师。首先开始你的事业兴趣搜集，先拿出两张纸，分 别在每张纸上写下你喜欢做的工作和善长做的工作。选择其中一个最合适的工作。虽然它也许要求更多深入的探索， 但 纸上写的什么是你最喜欢 得这个问题是 最重要的。为什么？由于如果你喜欢做某件事，你将而不仅仅为薪金 而工作 。你将经常做这个工作，并且会在训练中投资，当做这件事情遇到困难时，你也会不顾一切的想去克服它，想去完成它。你将会一直做这个工作， 直 到你善
45、长这个工作。而且还远远不止这些。 (2) 混淆副业与正业。 如果你刚刚做了两张纸，并且会发现你 喜欢跑步、 法律，读书和 编 篮子。现在你又开始苦恼 ， 困惑 选择一个怎样的工作能同时 结 合这些方面。你不需要担心， 认为你的工作能满足上述所有 这种想法 本身就是一种错误。 这并不意味你无法爱你的工作，你 可以有在这些活动之上的工作。 例如，你也许爱跳舞但你知道你无法将跳舞作为你今后谋生的事业。跳舞将作为你一个巨大的 副业 。你能继续以跳舞为乐趣，但 与你每天的工作是不一样的。 8 (3) 混淆工作中的部分与整体。 什么事是你喜欢作，但不一定必须做 。经常 的 人们总是高估了他们想要做的事情，
46、深信他们必须做这个事情。 一个 很平常 的例子是某人喜欢 写作 。他认为他必须成为作家 ，却 不是寻找机会 去写文章。而认为成为只有成为新闻撰稿人 、记者等才能发挥自己写作的天分。 他 其实 可以变成部长，公共关系助理，编辑或政府游说者 ，这些也是可以替代记者这些职位的。 4 大学生职业 生涯规划 不管你是刚刚迈进大学校门的新生，抑或是正在奔忙于各种招聘会的毕业生，对自己本身的正确定位，规划自己的职业方向，确定自己的目标，并进而做出相应的努力，都是 必不可少 的 .正是源于此， “ 大学生职业生涯规划 ” 这个理念是具有积极意义的。 一年级为试探期 :要初步了解职业，提高人际沟通能力。大一学习
47、任务不重，应多参加学校活动，增加交流技巧，但不要盲目地参加。 二年级为定向期 :应考虑未来是否深造或就业，通过参加学生会或社团等组织，锻炼自己的能力，同时检验自己的知识技能；提高自己的责任感，主动性和受挫能力，并开始有选择地辅修其他专业的知识来填充自己。 三年级为冲刺期 :临近毕业，目标应锁定在提高求职技能，收集公司信息，并确定自己是否要考研。要积极锻炼自己得到独立解决问题的能力和创造性；积极常识并加入校友网络，了解往年的求职情况；希望出国留学的学生，可多接触留学顾问，参与留学系列活动。 四年级为分化期 :目标应锁定在工作申请及成功就业上。这时可先对前三年的准备做一个总 结 :首先检验自己已确
48、立的职业目标是否明确，前三年的准备是否充分；然后开始毕业后工作的申请，积极参加招聘活动，在实践中检验自己的积累和准备；最后，预习或模拟面试。积极利用学校提供的条件，强化求职技巧，进行模拟面试等训练，尽可能地做出充分准备。 大学生进行职业 生涯规划 时，要自我进行发展定位，根据自己的能力，设计适合自己的目标，在长短不同时期要有个不同的计划，否则只是空想，不现实的。在设计过程中要以自己为主，不要自以为是，同时要参阅专家的意见，让设计切合实际，可操作性强，最好借助正规的专业机构。 总之，科 学合理的职业 生涯规划 是每一个 大学生就业 的必要工作，也是每一个大学生职业生涯发展过程中的必然要求。我们每一个人都应该知道自己适合做什么，应该做什么，以及怎样实现自己的目标。
