1、 某某某某 大学 本科毕业论文（设计）任务书 分 院 外国语学院 专 业 英语 班 级 英本 xxxx 学 生 xxx 学 号 xxxxxx 指导教师 xxx 论文题目 An Analysis of The Unbearable Lightness of Being 1、论文的主要任务及目标 写出一篇不少于 5000 实词的毕业论文，检验学生大学四年来的学习、研究和实践的能力。考察学生的创新思维，创新意识及发现、分析和解决实际问题的能力。 2、论文的主要内容 This thesis contains three parts: the introduction, the body and the
2、 conclusion The introduction is made up of a synopsis of the novel, a literature review over the novel, research motivation,philosophy methodology and questions. The body is made up of seven chapters. Chapter One: Lightness and Weight. Chapter Two: Soul and Body. Chapter Three: Words Misunderstood.
3、Chapter Four: Soul and Body. Chapter Fiver: Lightness and Weight. Chapter Six: The Grand March. Chapter Seven: Karenins Smile. The conclusion summarizes the above findings 3、论文的基本要求 本专业内选题，体现所学专业特点 选题能够使学生达到综合运用所学知识获得比较全面的训练，同时也能使少数学生对某些专题进行比较深入 的研究。 4、主要参考文献 Kundera, Milan. New York Review of Books
4、 M. New York: The Novel and Europe, 1984: 15. Fuentes, Carlos. The Other K M. New York: TriQuarterly v.51, 1981: 268. 王哲外国文学名著速读 M北京：中国工商出版社 ,2002:213. 5、论文进度安排 论文各阶段名称 起 止 日 期 1 选题 12 月 1 日 1 月 8 日 2 列提纲 1 月 9 日 2 月 1 日 3 搜集材料 2 月 2 日 3 月 1 日 4 初稿 3 月 2 日 4 月 1 日 5 定稿 4 月 2 日 5 月 1 日 注：一式三份，学院、指导教师
5、、学生各一份 学号 ： xxxxx An Analysis of The Unbearable Lightness of Being 赏析 生命中不能承受之轻 分 院 外国语学院 专 业 名 称 英 语 班 级 英 本 xxxx 姓 名 指 导 教 师 2010 年 5 月 10 日 某某某某大学 本科毕业论文（设计） An Analysis of The Unbearable Lightness of Being by Xxx Supervised by xxx xxxx University May 2010 Contents 摘要 I Abstract II 1. Introductio
6、n 1 2. The Characters of The Unbearable Lightness of Being 2 2.1 Tomas 2 2.2 Tereza 2 2.3 Sabina 3 2.4 Franz 3 3. Themes, Motifs and Symbols of The Unbearable Lightness of Being 4 3.1 Themes 4 3.2 Motifs 5 3.3 Symbols 6 4. The Plot of The Unbearable Lightness of Being 7 4.1 Section One:Lightness and
7、 Weight 7 4.2 Section Two:Soul and Body 8 4.3 Section Three:Words Misunderstood 9 4.4 Section Four:Soul and Body 10 4.5 Section Five:Lightness and Weight 10 4.6 Section Six:The Grand March 11 4.7 Section Seven:Karenins Smile 12 5. Conclusion 13 References 14 Acknowledgements 15 河南农业大学华豫学院本科毕业论文 (设计
8、) I 摘 要 米兰昆德拉于 1929 年出生在捷克，在 笑话出版之后，他开始被认定为持不同政见的知识分子。生命中不能承受之轻是他的代表作之一。 生命中不能承受之轻讲述了 一个布拉格的外科医生 托马斯与他的妻子及其情人之间的爱情故事，他们各自在爱情生活中做出的选择也反应了该部作品的主旨生命不能承受的轻与重。 昆德拉的作品总是表达出这样一种思想：他先前所知并欣赏的布拉格文化已一去不复返。而生命中不能承受之轻对我们的思想和生活中的选择也产生了很大的影响，我们在做出选择的同时也会思考这个选择带给我们的是轻还是重。 关键字： 爱情，轻与重，昆德拉，思想，选择 河南农业大学华豫学院本科毕业论文 (设计
9、) II Abstract Milan Kundera was born in Czech in 1929. After The joke was published, Kundera came to be perceived as a dissident intellectual. The Unbearable lightness of Being is one of his masterworks. The Unbearable lightness of Being tells a love story about a Prague surgeon, Tomas with his wife
10、 and his mistress. The choices they make in their love lives also reflect the central idea of the novel: the unbearable lightness and weight of being. Kunderas works always demonstrate a belief that the culture he had previously known and enjoyed in Prague was irrevocably lost. And the novel also ha
11、s a great influence on our minds and our lives. When we choose we also will think whether our choice is lightness or weight. Key words: love, lightness and weight, Kundera, mind, choose 河南农业大学华豫学院本科毕业论文 (设计 ) 1 1. Introduction Milan Kundera was burn in Czech. Among his most remarkable novels are The
12、 Joke (1967), Laughter and Forgetting（ 1978）， The Unbearable Lightness of Being（ 1984）， Immortality（ 1990） Farewell Waltz（ 1976） and The Dignity（ 1997） 。Kunderas first novel, The Joke， describes life under Communism with harsh cynicism and satire. As his partly autobiographical text, The Unbearable
13、Lightness of Being becomes his masterwork. The Unbearable lightness of Being tells a love story about a Prague surgeon, Tomas with his wife and his mistress. In the end, three of the four main characters in the novel have died: Tomas and Tereza die together; Franz, Sabinas mistress, died a dreamers
14、death. It is noteworthy that none of the four characters ultimately seem to find a solution, and Sabina, the only character left living, Tomass mistress, leaves a surmise about her last adventure. For The Unbearable lightness of Being narrated with a first person narration from author Kundera, and f
15、ollow alternately one then other characters. This thesis attempts to think the novel from the authors point of view. And it also mainly analyzes the characters and their relationship, structures and plots. This thesis contains three parts: the introduction, the body and the conclusion. The introduct
16、ion is made up of a synopsis of the novel, a literature review over the novel, research motivation, methodology and questions as well as the organization of the thesis. In chapter One effort are intensified to investigate the characterization. Chapter two mainly analyzes themes, motifs and symbols.
17、In Chapter Three, I will analyze the relationship of “Lightness and Weight” among Tomas, Tereza and Sabina. Chapter Four I will analyze each part of the novel in order to understand the structure. The conclusion summarizes the above findings. The individualism and intellectualism of Kundera come thr
18、ough in the aesthetic and political content of his work. His experiences are not only the resource of his novel, but also serve as an integral part of his artistic vision. Peoples attitude towards life and the lifes meaning, which enrich the connotations of the novel and add to its readability and p
19、rofundity. 河南农业大学华豫学院本科毕业论文 (设计 ) 2. The Characters of The Unbearable Lightness of Being. 2.1 Tomas Tomas was silenced after the Soviet invasion of Prague， who belongs to the Czech intellectual class. As an international surgeon， Tomas is forced to leave his career for he refuses to renounce an anti
20、-Czech Communist article he wrote. Although he is not a committed or active political dissident， the article puts him in grave danger. Tomas wants to avoid political parties and society altogether so as to being a free agent and independent thinker who acts as he chooses. After losing the job of sur
21、geon， Tomas becomes first a window washer and then a farmer， falling into the lower rungs of society in search of a peaceful life. As a man， Tomas try to practice a philosophy of Lightness. He thinks sex and love two separate and unrelated entities; he sleeps with many women， and loves only Tereza,
22、and sees no problem with the simultaneous existence of these two activities， Though Tomas is an intellectual and a thinker， he is not romantic idealist as Simon or Franz. He cant obey the laws on which politics and romantic fidelity are based. He believes pragmatism， experience， and individualism; w
23、hich make him unwilling to identify himself as a political liberal or as a faithful husband. Therefore，most of the characters misinterpret Tomas. 2.2 Tereza Tomas see Tereza child put in a basket and sent downstream for Tereza is so purity and innocence. Tereza is waiting for someone like Tomas to a
24、ppear even before she meets him. However， after she meets him， his constant betrayals mean she have to frequently wait for him to return. They love each other deeply， but make each other miserable. Tereza is not vulgar or kitsch in any easily recognizable sense； However，where Tomas and Sabina are li
25、ght， she is heavy. Tereza doesnt blame Tomas on his infidelities， and instead characterizes herself as weaker than him When she leaves Zurich and Tomas and return to Prague along，her strongest moment comes， sacrificing her own happiness to relieve Tomas of the 河南农业大学华豫学院本科毕业论文 (设计 ) 3 burden of her
26、love. Rightly because of her intelligence and compassion， Tereza presents a kind of heaviness Tomas cannot easily dismiss. Tereza changes a lot during the course of The Unbearable Lightness of Being， as she is increasingly forced to recognize the impossibility of her youthful dreams. Nothing keeps a
27、s black and white as she feels it should be； Tereza even start to admire her archrival Sabina and feels Sabinas powerful sensuality， although she knows Sabina is Tomass mistress. Just as Tomas must question his lightness， Tereza must question her heaviness. 2.3 Sabina Sabina shows extreme Lightness
28、of Confronted with the ugliness and kitsch in her early times， Sabina declares war on the ugly and unoriginal through her paintings and lifestyle. And her life is full of betrayals： Betrayal means breaking ranks and going off into the unknown. Sabina thinks nothing more wonderful than these. In orde
29、r to pursue freedom， she went to America， and on the completed isolation she find it. Sabina becomes Tomass mistress is based on their mutual lightness. There is no family elements and usual romantic kitsch in their relationship； instead they just love a playful eroticism. However， like Tomas， Sabin
30、a also feels the intensity of heavier spirits. She make friends with Tereza and falls in love with Franz， both of whom are heavy characters. Sometimes Sabina also feels charm of the kitsch she so detests. Sabina knows her extreme choices might leave her alone， which makes she feels uneasy； The Unbea
31、rable Lightness of Being is that we can only make one decision and one possible end. Tomas choose Tereza and burden， Sabina choose freedom and total Lightness； neither knows whether they are right. Sabina also has special relevance as a permanent and ambivalent exile. Kundera，like Sabina never go back to his country. 2.4 Franz Franz shows extreme heaviness. He creates meaning in his life by attaching solemn weight and importance to concepts and events. Unlike Tereza， he is innocent to believe that his approach is the only possible one.
