1,Bacteria Tubercule bacillus Staphylococci,Fungi Candida albicans,Virus Influenza Polio mellitus,Parasites Tapeworms Malaria,2,免疫(Immunity) 机体对“自己”和“异己(非己)”物质识别、应答过程中所产生的生物学效应的总和,正常情况下是维持机体内环境稳定的一种生理性功能,3,第一章、免疫学发展简史,经验免疫学时期,4,In 1796, Edward Jenner discovered that cowpox vaccination can protect against smallpox and smallpox was officially eradicated in 1979,Louis Pasteur (1822-1895) Father of immunology, attenuated bacteria and viruses as vaccine against anthrax,5,科学免疫学时期,病原菌的发现推动了疫苗的研制。 抗体的发现