1、 虚拟语气专项练习 TEST ON SUBJUNCTIVE 1. Jack wishes that he _ business instead of history when he was in university. A. studied B. had been studying C. study D. had studied 2. The millions of calculation involved, had they been done by hand, _ all practical value by the time they were finished. A. had lost
2、 B. would lose C. would have lost D. should have lost 3. It is essential that these application forms _ back as early as possible. A. must be sent B. are sen w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m C. will be sent D. be sent 4. It is important that the hotel receptionist _ that guests are registered correctly. A. has m
3、ade sure B. must make sure C. made sure D. make sure 5. It was essential that the application forms _ back before the deadline. A. must be sent B. be sent C. would be sent D. were sent 6. Its necessary _ the dictionary immediately. A. that he will return B. that he return C. that he returned D. that
4、 he has to return 7. It is important that enough money _ to fund the project. A. be collected B. was collected C. must be collected D. can be collected 8. I dont think it advisable that Tom _ to the job since he has no experience. A. is assigned B. be assigned C. will be assigned D. has been assigne
5、d 9. The suggestion that the mayor _ the prizes was accepted by everyone. A. would present B. present w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m C. ought to present D. presents 10. We are all for your proposal that the discussion _. A. be put off B. should put off C. was put off D. is to put off 11. You _ him so closely;
6、you should have kept your distance. A. shouldnt have been following B. mustnt follow C. couldnt have been following D. shouldnt follow 12. The manager would rather his daughter _ in the same office. A. does not work B. had not worked C. not to work D. did not work 13. Wouldnt you rather your child _
7、 to bed early? A. go B. would go C. went D. goes 14. Id rather you _ make any comment on the issue for the time being. A. dont B. didnt C. wouldnt D. shouldnt 15. Mikes uncle insists _ in this hotel. A. staying not B. that he would not stay C. not to stay D. that he not stay 16. As Commander-in-Chie
8、f of the armed forces, I have directed that all measures _ for our defense. A. had been taken B. be taken C. would be taken D. to be taken 17. The manager of the hotel requests that their guests _ after 11:00 p.m. A. not to play loud music B. dont play loud music C. shouldnt play loud music D. could
9、nt paly load music 18. We desire that the tour leader _ us immediately of any change in plans. A. inform B. informs C. informed D. has informed 19. He suggested _ to tomorrows exhibition together. A. us to go B. we shall go C. we went D. we go 20. Sometimes I wish I _ in a different time and a diffe
10、rent place. A. be living B. would live C. were living D. would have lived 21. I wish I _ longer this morning, but I had to get up and come to class. A. could have slept B. might have slept C. slept D. have slept w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m 22. Jean doesnt want to work right away because she thinks that if s
11、he _ a job she probably wouldnt be able to see her friends very often. A. has to get B. had got C. were to get D. could have got 23. If the whole operation _ beforehand, a great deal of time and money would have been lost. A. was not planned B. had not been planned C. has not been planned D. were no
12、t planned 24. Had he worked harder, he _ the exams. A. must have got through B. would get through C. would have got through D. could get through 25. _ before we depart the day after tomorrow, we should have a wonderful dinner party. A. Had they arrived B. Were they arriving C. Would they arrive D. W
13、ere they to arrive 26. _ right now, she would get there on Sunday. A. Would she leave B. Were she to leave C. If she leaves D. If she had left 27. _ for my illness I would have lent him a helping hand. A. Not being B. Without being C. Had it not been D. Not having been 28. _ for your laziness, you c
14、ould have finished the assignment by now. A. Had it not been B. Werent it C. It were not D. Had not it been 29. If it _ too much trouble, Id love a cup of tea. A. isnt B. werent C. wasnt D. hadnt been 30. If I hadnt stood under the ladder to catch you when you fell, you _ now. A. wouldnt be smiling
15、B. wont smile C. couldnt have smiled D. didnt smile 31. We didnt know his telephone number; otherwise we _ him. A. would have telephoned B. would telephone C. must have telephoned D. had telephoned 32. He must have had an accident, or he _ then. A. would have been here B. should be here C. had to be
16、 here D. would be here 33. Some women _ a good salary in a job instead of staying home, but they decided not to work for the sake of the family. A. must make w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m B. should have made C. would make w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m D. could have made 34. We _ to start our own business, but we never
17、had enough money. A. have hoped B. had hoped C. would hope D. should hope 35. The mad man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he _ himself. A. injure B. injured C. had injured D. would injure 36. “You are very selfish. Its high time you _ that you are not the most important person in the world“, Ed
18、gar said to his boss angrily. A. realized B. realize C. have realized D. should realize 37. Its already 5 oclock now. Dont you think its about time _ ? A. we are going home B. we went home C. we go home D. we can go home 38. If only the committee _ the regulations and put them into effect as soon as
19、 possible. A. approve B. can approve C. will approve D. would approve 39. Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I _ your advice. A. follow B. would follow C. had followed D. have followed 40. Im sure he is up to the job _ he would give his mind to it. A. if only B. in case C. until D. unle
20、ss 41. You dont have to be in such a hurry. I would rather you _ on business first. A. would go B. will go C. went D. have gone w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m 42. Frankly speaking, Id rather you _ anything about it for the time being. A. didnt do B. havent done C. dont do D. have done 43. It is politely reques
21、ted by the hotel management that radios _ after 11 oclock at night. A. were not played B. not be played C. not to play D. did not play 44. It is recommended that the project _ until all the preparations have been made. A. is not started B. not be started C. will not be started D. is not to be starte
22、d 45. Many a delegate was in favor of his proposal that a special committee _ to investigate the incident. A. were set up B. was set up C. be set up D. set up 46. Things might have been much worse if the mother _ on her right to keep the baby. A. has been insisting B. had insisted C. would insist D.
23、 insisted 答案与解析 1. D 译文：杰克宁愿在大学学的是商务而不是历史。 本句是 wish 后接虚拟语气的用法。在 wish 后面所接的宾语从句中，要用虚拟语 气结构。 w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m 其主要形式有三种： 表示对现在情况的虚拟： wish +主语 +动词过去式； 表示对过去情况的虚拟： wish +主语 +had+过去分词； 表示对将来情况的虚拟： wish +主语 +would+动词原形。 2. C 译文：数以百万计的相关计算，如果由人工操作的话，到计算完成时早已失去其实用价值。 本句是条件句中与过去事实相反的虚拟语气结构的用法。由省略 if 的从句 (h
24、ad they been done by hand)中的时态可知， C 为正确答案。 3. D 译文：这些 申请表尽快寄出是极其必要的。 本句涉及主语从句中的虚拟语气用法。在 It is important/necessary/ that -clause 结构中，that 从句中谓语动词常用虚拟语气，其形式为： (should)+动词原形。这一结构是否用虚拟语气取决于主句 It is important/ that 中的形容词（如本句中的 important ）。 4. D 译文：旅馆接待员必须确保旅客登记正确，这点是很重要的。 本句涉及主语从句中的虚拟语气的使用。 5. B 译文：申请表务必
25、在截止日期之前寄回。 本句 涉及主语从句中的虚拟语气的使用。 6. B 译文：他必须马上归还字典。 本句涉及主语从句中的虚拟语气的使用。 7. A 译文：重要的是募集足够的钱，为这个项目提供资金。 本句涉及主语从句中的虚拟语气的使用。 8. B 译文：汤姆缺乏经验，指派他做这项工作我认为是不合适的。 本句涉及复合宾语从句中的虚拟语气的使用。在以 it 为形式宾语的复合宾语从句中也可以用虚拟语气，其形式为： (should) +动词原形。这一结构中的虚拟用法主要取决于作补语的形容词 advisable。 9. B 译文：大家都接受了让市长发 奖的建议。 本句涉及同位语从句中的虚拟语气用法。英语中
26、在表示命令、建议、劝告、愿望、要求等词后所接的同位语从句中，从句谓语动词常用虚拟语气，其形式为： (should) +动词原形。常用的这类词有 suggestion, advise, order, recommendation, requirement, command, proposal 等名词。 w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m 10. A 译文：我们都支持你提出的推迟讨论的建议。 本句涉及同位语从句中的虚拟语气用法。 11. A 译文：你本不该跟他跟 得这么紧；你本该保持一定距离的。 本句涉及 -暗含虚拟句。 “should/ought not+ have+ 过去分词 ”表示 “本
27、不应该做某事，但却做了 ”，含有某种责备的口气。 “should/ought to+have+过去分词 ”表示 “本应该做某事，却未做 ”。 例如： You should have returned the book last week. 你本来应该上周就该归还这本书。（但上周并未还） 12. D 译文：经理宁愿他女儿不和他在同一个办公室上班。 本句涉及宾语从句中的虚拟语气的用法。在 would rather,would sooner, would just as soon, might as well 和 would prefer 等后面所跟的从句中，也可用虚拟语气，表示愿望，意为 “宁愿
28、”、 “但愿 ”。其形式为： “would rather ( would sooner ）主语谓语动词过去时 ”表示现在或将来的情况。 “would rather ( would sooner ）主语过去完成时 ”表示过去的情况。 13. C 译文：你为何不让你的孩子早点睡觉？ 本句涉及宾语从句中 的虚拟语气的用法。 14. B 译文：我倒是希望你对这个问题先别发表什么看法。 本句涉及宾语从句中的虚拟语气的用法。英语中在 would rather, would sooner, would just as soon, might as well 和 would prefer 等后面所跟的从句中，
29、也可用虚拟语气，表示愿望，意为 “宁愿 ”、 “但愿 ”。 15. D 麦克的叔叔坚持他不留在旅馆里。 本句涉及虚拟语气在宾语从句中的使用。动词 insist 后接宾语从句，从句中的谓语为“should+动词原形（ should 常省略） ”。常这样用的词有： command, desire, demand, order, propose, recommend, request, require, suggest 等。 16. B 译文：我作为武装部队的总司令命令采取一切措施进行防御。 本句涉及虚拟语气在宾语从句中的使用。 17. C 译文：旅馆的经理恳请客人晚上 11 点后，音乐声不要放得太
30、响。 本句涉及虚拟语气在宾语从句中的使用。 18. A 译文：我们要求导游立刻告诉我们计划有什么变动。 本句涉及虚拟语气在宾语从句中的使用。 19. D 译文：他建议我们一块去看明天的展览。 本句涉及虚拟语气在宾语从句中的使用。 20. C 译文：我有时希望自己生活在另一个时代和另一个地方。 本句涉及动词 wish 后所接宾语从句的用法。在 wish 后面所接的宾语从句中，要用虚拟语气结构。其主要形式有三种： w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m 表示对现在情况的虚拟： wish+主语 +动词过去式； 表示对过去情况的虚拟： wish+主语 +had+过去分词； 表示对将来情况的虚拟： wi
31、sh+主语 +would+动词原形。 21. A 译文：我真希望今天早上能多睡一 会儿，可我不得不起床去上课。 本句涉及动词 wish 后所接宾语从句的用法。 22. C 译文：琼不想马上就工作，她想要是找了工作就不能马上探访朋友了。 本句涉及 if 引导的虚拟条件句，表示与将来事实相反的假设。表示与将来事实相反的非真实条件句，从句中的谓语动词用 “were to +动词原形或 should +动词原形 ”，主句中的谓语动词用 “should (第一人称 ), would (第二、三人称 )+动词原形 ”。 23. B 译文：要是整个手术当时没有预先计划好的话，大量的金钱和时间就白花了。 本句
32、涉及 if 条件状语 从句中虚拟语气的用法，表示与过去事实相反的假设。与过去事实相反的非真实条件句中，从句中的谓语动词用 “had+过去分词 ”，主句的谓语动词用 “should 或 would +have+过去分词 ”。 24. C 译文：他当时学习努力的话，这次考试就通过了。 本句涉及省略 if 的虚拟条件句。在正式文体中，有时可把虚拟条件句中的连词 if 省去，而将 were, had, should 等助动词 (不包括行为动词 )提到主语前面，用倒装结构。如果句中没有 were, had 或 should 时，既不能省略 if，也不能倒装。 答案： 25. D 译文：我们后天走，要是他
33、们在这之前到达，我们就可以痛痛快快地撮一顿。 本句涉及省略 if 的虚拟条件句。 26. B 译文：她要是现在就走的话，星期天就到那儿了。 本句涉及 if 引导的虚拟条件句，表示与将来事实相反的假设。表示与将来事实相反的非真实条件句，从句中的谓语动词用 “were to +动词原形或 should +动词原形 “，主句中的谓语动词用 “should （第一人称） , would （第二、三人称） +动词原形 ”。如从句中省去 if ，主谓要用倒装结构。 27. C 译文：我当时 要是没生病的话，就帮他了。 本句涉及省略 if 的虚拟条件句。虚拟语气也常用于 “If it were (had b
34、een) not for ” 句型中，意为 “要不是 ” 。 If it were not for 表示与现在事实相反的假设。从本句的主句来判断，这是一句与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句， If it had not been for 表示与过去事实相反的假设，与主句中的谓语动词相一致。在正式文体中，有时可把虚拟条件句中的连词 if 省去，而将 were, had, should 等助动词（不包括行为动 词）提到主语前面，用倒装结构。如果句中没有 were, had 或 should 时，既不能省略 if,也不能倒装。 28. A 译文：要不是你偷懒，你现在就已经完成任务了。 本句涉及省略 if 的
35、虚拟条件句。虚拟语气也常用于 “If it were (had been) not for ” 句型中，意为 “要不是 ” 。 If it had not been for 表示与过去事实相反的假设，从本句的主句来判断，这是一与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句，与主句中的谓语动词相一致。在正式文体中，有时可把虚拟条件句中的连 词 if 省去，而将 were, had, should 等助动词（不包括行为动词）提到主语前面，用倒装结构。如果句中没有 were , had 或 should 时，既不能省略 if ，也不能倒装。 29. B w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m 译文：要是不太麻烦的话，就
36、给我来杯茶吧。 本句涉及 if 条件句中的虚拟语气，表示与现在事实相反的假设。在与现在事实相反的非真实条件句中，主句中的谓语动词用 “should （第一人称）动词原形， would （第二、三人称）动词原形 ”，但在美国英语中，主句所有人称都用 would。主句中也用 “could 或might+动词原形 ”。 30. A 译文：当你掉下来时，如果不是我在梯子下面把你接住，恐怕约就不会这样笑了。 本句涉及 if 引导的混合型虚拟条件句。通常情况下，在非真实条件句中的主句和从句所指时间是一致的，但有时也指不同的时间，这时要根据上下文的意思采用不同的谓语动词形式。本句中，从句是对过去发生事情的假设，主句是对现在情况的假设。 31. A 译文：我们不知道他的电话号码，否则，我们会打电话给他 . 本句涉及含蓄虚拟条件句。有时假设的情况并不以条件从句表示出来，而是通过 一个介词短语或其他方式表示。除了 otherwise 外，常用的其他词或短语有： without, but for, but that,or,but 等。 32. A
