Artificial Intelligence: Background, Selected Issues, and Policy ConsiderationsContentsIntroduction 1What Is AI? 1AI Terminology 3Algorithms and AI 5Historical Context of AI 5Waves of AI 5Recent Growth in the Field of AI 6AI Research and Development 6Private and Public Funding 8Selected Research and Focus Areas 11Explainable AI 11Data Access 12AI Training with Small and Alternative Datasets 14AI Hardware 15Federal Activity in AI 16Execut
