高三英语一轮复习必备.doc

1、 2010 届高三英语一轮复习必备精品 Module8 unit1 A Land of diversity 高考解读 【高考导航】 2010 高考命题趋向分析： 1.means 是新课标的重点词汇 意思“方式，方法、手段”，单复数同形，作主语前有不同词修饰，谓语动词的单复数区别为考查的重点；固定短语和同义词辨析是另一个考查的重点；短语的特殊用法： by no means /not by any means 位于句首时，主句用部分倒装；此外 mean为动词时，其后接 doing, to do 的含义不同， 2010 年将考到同义词 辨析，以及倒装句式，这些知识点 2.occur 是英语中很重要的

2、动词，它用法灵活，常作为命题点来考查 经常考查的角度是 sth. occurs to sb. 或 It occurs to sb. that 从句；以及 occur 与 happen, take place 等动词或动词短语的词义和用法辨析。 2010 年可能会考查到这些用法 3 take 的相关短语是历年高考的热点，对它的考查主要集中在 take 的同根短语的辨析上，如： take in. Take up, take on, take over, take out 等，以及 take 构成的短语与其它动词短语的辨析上 2007 年辽宁卷、 2006 年的山东卷， 2009 年的安徽卷都曾考查

3、过。 2010 年考查 take短语与其它短语的辨析，可能性非常大 4It is +过去分词 +that 构成的主语从句一直是高考的热点，对着一句型的考查多是变换句式， ”sb. +动词 +that 从句 =Sb +is/was/are/were+过去分词 +不定式 ”;2007 年重庆卷曾考查过say 的变化形式。这一句型 2010 年仍可以这样考查 5. 名词性从句一直是高考的必考点，考生在复习备考中要注意形式主语 、主语从句、同位语从句和定义从句的辨析，连接词 whether ,if 的区分等 【真题品析】 1._ matters most in learning English is

4、enough practice.(2007 全国卷 II) A. What B. Why C. Where D. Which 【答案】 A 考查主语从句 【点拨】分析句式后面有 is 可知前句为主语从句，按照句意：在学校英语方面牵扯最大的 2（ 08 福建卷） 27. _ is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing. A. It B. What C. As D. Which 【答案】 B 考查主语从句的用法。 【点拨】分析句式，由 will 看出前句为主语，但前句里边的 is 暗示出它

5、之前的又是一个主语从句，因此排除 A 项，选 B 符合 3.(08 上海卷 )36. It has been proved _ eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illnesses in later life. A. if B. because C. when D. that 【答案】 D 考查主要从句 【点拨】按照句意：据证明 -可知此句为形式主语句式，用 that。 4.（ 09 江西） 3. The fact has worried many scientists _ the earth

6、 is becoming warmer and warmer these years. A. what B. which C. that D. though 【 答案 】 C 【点拨】 间隔式同位语从句的用法。即先行词是 the fact 和 that 引导的同位语从句中间隔了谓语部分 5.（ 08 江西卷） 25. I _ it as a basic principle of the company that suppliers of raw materials should be given a fair price for their products. A. make B. look

7、C. take D. think 【答案】 C 考查动词词义辨析。 【点拨】按此句意：把它作为公司的基本原则 -来接受可知答案。 6（ 09 安徽） 10. We tried to find a table for seven， hut they were all . A. given away B. kept away C. taken up D. used up 【答案】 C 考查动词短语辨析 【点拨】按照句意： -他们都被占了可知答案。 take up 占用（时间、空间等） 7（ 08 浙江卷） 15. Dogs have a very good _ of smell and are o

8、ften used to search for survivors in an earthquake. A. sense B. view C. means D. idea 【答案】 A 考查名词辨析 【点拨】按照句意：狗有很好的嗅觉感 可知答案 知识网络 【考点概览】 1.重点单词 （ 1） means n. 手段，方法 （ 2） nationality n. 国籍，民族 （ 3） occur v. 发生，出现 （ 4） swap vi. go B. has; go C. has; goes D. have; goes 【答案】 B 考查 means 作主语时谓语动词形式。 means 表示“

9、方式，方法”，单复数形式相同，被 every 修饰时谓语动词用复数形式；被 all 修饰时谓语动词用复数形式 【拓展延伸 】 mean vt., meant meant 1) 意思是，意味着， mean doing sth. 2) 企图，打算 mean to do sth. I mean to stay here for a long time. 我打算在这里呆很久 【点拨】 mean 通常不与否定的动词不定式搭配。 I mean no harm to you. 我对你并无恶意 （不用： I meant not to harm you.） 考点二 majority 【基础过关】 n.多数，大多

10、数（人或物） the majority 作“多数”“大半”解，单独作主语时谓语动词多用单数，在强调“多数中的各个成员时”谓语动词也可用复数 the majority of 后可用单数名词，也可用复数名词。位于动词的数与 of 后面的名词相一致。 当把“多数”当作一个整体和少数人的整体对比时，谓语动词用单数 多数人赞成这项议案。 The majority was /were for the budget. 多数人要和平，不要战争 The majority of people prefer peace to war. 这次的大部分损害可以补救 The majority of the damage

11、is easy to repair. 谁说多数人总能将其意志强加到少数人身上？ Who says the majority is always able to impose its will on the minority ? 【拓展延伸】 in the majority 占大多数 enter the majority 加入多数派 from a majority 形成多数 get the majority 获得多数票 have a majority 拥有多数 a great majority 大多数 【典型例题】 Dont worry about the present situation i

12、n the world; _of people prefer peace to war. A. the less B. the great part C. the majority D. the number 【答案】 C 考查 majority 的用法 【点拨】按照句意：多数人喜欢和平而不喜欢战争可知答案 考点三 occur 【基础过关】 vi . 发生、存在 occur to (主意或想法突然 )浮现于脑中，被想起，被想到 it occurs to sb to do sth 使人想到干某事 it occurs to sb that 想到 . Just then an idea occurr

13、ed to me. 就在那时我想起了一个主意 【点拨】辨析 happen， occur， take place 都表示某事发生， happen 是一般用语，尤其指偶然发生“碰巧、恰好“的意思； occur 文言意味较浓 ,常指某特定事物的发生， 也可以表示某种想法出现在人的头脑中 take place 指事先计划或预料到的“发生“，此外还有”举行“的意思 New things are happening all around us. 新事物在我们周围不断发生。 It suddenly occurred to me that I and left my umbrella upstairs. 我突

14、然想到我把 伞忘在了楼上 【典型例题】 It suddenly _to the detective that the millionaire was probably murdered by his own daughter. A. happened B. occurred C. thought D. took place 【答案】 B 考查词义辨析 【点拨】由 to 暗示答案 B；此处意思：一个想法突然呈现 -； 考点四 take in 【基础过关】 欺骗，吸收 ；理解 This kind of cloth takes in water easily. 这种布料吸水很好。 【拓展延伸】 Ph

15、rases: take away 拿走，消除（疾病等） take down 拆掉，记下来 take for (错 ) 当作，（误） 认为 take off 起飞，匆 匆离去 take on 呈现，雇用 take over 接受，接管；取代 take to 喜欢；养成 -习惯 take up 占据，开始；从事 Why does she take me for a fool? 她为什么把我当成 傻子看？ 【典型例题】 Some false advertisements are taking the countryside women as their targets, because they a

16、re easy to_. A. take in B. take on C. take over D. take for 【答案】 A 考查动词短语辨析 【点拨】 false advertisements“虚假广告“暗示，后面的欺骗； take in 有此意。 2. 重点句型 考点五 It is likely that-句型 【基础过关】 本句式 it 为形式主语，真正的主语是 that 从句。 It is likely that-意思是可能的 -=sb. be likely to do sth. 某人、物可能干某事 It is likely that she will ring me toni

17、ght.=She is likely to ring me tonight. 【点拨】辨析 likely, probable, possible 从可能性来看： probable likely possible 从句型看： probable 能用于句型： It is probable that-; It is probable to do sth.; possible 能用于句型 : It is possible that-; It is possible/for sb. to do sth.; 【典型例题】 The book is not popular with the youth, bu

18、t_ I thought it was very good. A. personally B. exactly C. generally D. likely 【答案】 A 考查副词用法。 【点拨】由 but I thought 可以看出是个人观点、看法，可知答案 考点六 It is believed that-句型 本句式 it 为形式主语，真正的主语是 that 从句 It is believed that-clause 人们相信 /据信 - It is believed that there is plenty of oil off our coast. 【点拨】类似的结构： It be

19、said/known/agreed/thought/supposed/reported +that +clause- =Sb./sth. be said/known/agreed/thought/supposed/reported to do- =People say/know/agree/think/suppose/report that clause- He is said to earn $10 million a rear. =It is said that he earn $10 million a year. =People say that he earns $10 millio

20、n a year. 【典型例题】 He is supposed to _to the meeting, but he didnt. A. come B. have come C. be coming D. coming 【 实战演练】 1.In the reading room, we found her_ at a desk, with her attention _ on a book. A. sitting; fixing B. to sit; fixed C. seating; fixing D. seated; fixed 2.There are _ flowers shown in

21、 the park and _ people go to have a look. A. varieties of; many B. a plenty of; many C. various; many a D. quit a few; quite a little 3. Have you been to New Zealand? No. Id kike to, _ . A. too B. though C. yet D. either 4.Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage _ the girl and took her away,

22、_ into the woods. A. seizing; disappeared B. seized; disappeared C. seizing; disappearing D. seized; disappearing 5. The more I think about him, the more reasons I find for loving him _ I did. A. as much as B. as long as C. as soon as D. as far as 6. Ive got to where I am _ hard work. A. by this mea

23、ns B. by all means C. by no means C. by means of 7._ of people _ to prefer _ games to playing games. A. The majority; seem; watching B.The majority; seem; to watch C.Majority; seem; watching D.Majority; seems; to watch 8._ the term is finished, Im going to rest a few days and then take a trip. A. No

24、w that B. Even if C. As if D. So that 9.An accident did, however, _ at the street corner last night. A. occur B. take place C. happened D. broke out 10 The bell rang, _ that class was over. A. to indicate B. indicating C. indicated D. having indicating 参考答案： 1-10 DADDA DAAAB Module8unit1 第二课时 名词性从句

25、【基础过关】 1、名词性从句中连接词的运用 名词性从句中的连接词有连词 that / whether / as if，连接代词 what / who/ which / whose / whatever / whoever / whomever / whichever，连接副词 where / when / why / how / wherever / whenever。 （ 1） that 的用法 主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中用 that 但不能省略 如： That they are good at English is known to us all. The problem is th

26、at we dont have enough money. She expressed the hope that they would come to China one day. 宾语从句中的连接词 that 有时可省有时又不可省，在以下几种情况中 that 不能省略：（ A）当 that 从句和主句谓语动词之间有插入词语或者从句主语之间有插入语时， that 不可省略；（ B）当 that 从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时， that 不能省；（ C）当 that 作介词宾语时， that 不可省掉 如： He judged that, because he was a child, h

27、e did not understand wine. Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried. The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do. that 从句作主语和宾语时，可以用 it 来替换成以下几种结构表达 (A)It is clear/certain/likely/true/surprising that （ B） It is a pity/shame/good idea/no wonder that . （ C） It is said/repor

28、ted/ believed/known/thought/suggested that （ D） It seems/happens that。如： It happened that I went out last night. It is said that China will win in the World Cup. 【点拨】 that 和 what 的区别。 that 引导名词性从句时，在主从句中不充当任何句子成分，也没有任何含义；而 what 引导名词性从句时，在主从句中都要充当一定的句子成分， what 可以分解成定语从句中的先行词 + 关系代词即常说的先行词 + that。如： I

29、ts shame that he has made such a mistake. Do what he says. 【点拨】 同位语从句与定语从句中 that 的区别 同位语从句中的连词 that 只起连接作用，在从句中不担当任何句子成分；而定语从句中的关系代词 that 在句中做宾语或主语，宾语与先行词有修饰关系。如果句子是同位语从句，就应用连词 that 而不能用 which.同位语从句一般放在表具体含义的名词后解释名词的含义或内容，如以下名词： news、 fact、 suggestion、 truth、 plan、 belief、 doubt、 possibility、idea 等，

30、而定 语从句只是对先行词的限定和修饰 如： They expressed the hope that they would come to visit China again.(同位语从句 ) The hope she expressed is that they would come to visit China again.（定语从句） 【点拨】 whether 和 if 的用法 whether 和 if 在宾语从句中可以互换，但是作介词宾语时连接词一般用 whether 如： It all depends on whether they will come back. 后面直接跟 or

31、not 时用 whether 如： I didnt know whether or not he had arrived in Wuhan. 主语从句表语从句中只能用 whether。如： Whether the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet. The question is whether they have so much money. whether 可以引导同位语 从句，用以说明前面的名词的内容， if 不能。如： We ought to discuss carefully the question whether w

32、e can do it or not. whether 常与 or 连用表示一种选择， if 不能这样用； whether 也可与动词不定式连用但 if不能 如： The question of whether they are male or female is not important. I have not decided whether to go or not. 间接引语位于句首时或者是间接引语提前时用 whether 不用 if 如： Thank you, but whether Ill be free Im not sure at the moment. whether 可引导

33、一个让步状语从句表示 “不管 ”、 “无论 ”，而 if 不能。如： Whether he comes or not, we will begin our party on time. 【点拨】 疑问词 + ever 和 no matter + 疑问词的区别 疑问词 + ever 可引导名词性从句，在 主从句中要充当一定的部分 如： Whoever breaks the rule must be punished. You can choose whatever you like in the shop. 疑问词 + ever 还可引导让步状语从句 如： Whoever breaks the

34、rule, he must be punished, Whatever you do, you must do it well. no matter + 疑问词只能引导让步状语从句 如： No matter what you do, you must do it well. No matter who breaks the rule, he must be punished. 【点拨】 when 和 where 引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别。 when 和 where 前面的名词若是表示时间、地点的名词，则 when 和 where 引导的是定语从句，否则则为同位语从句 如： They p

35、ut forward the question where they could get the money. This is the place where the accident happened. 【拓展延伸】 2、名词性从句中主句和从句的时态一致 （ 1）宾语从句中主句和从句的时态保持一致，但如果从句表示的是客观现象，虽然主句是过去时态，从句仍用一般现在时 如： Hello, I didnt know you were in London. How long have you been here? The teacher told us that light travels at a

36、 very high speed. （ 2）主语从句作主语相当 于单数第三人称作主语，谓语动词用单数，如果由 and 连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用复数；由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词用单数 如： When the meeting will begin has not been decided yet. When they will start and where they go have not been decided yet. When and where the meeting will begin has not been decided. 3、名词性

37、从句的词序 名词性从句在句中要用陈述句语序 如： He asked me what was the matter with me. Weve heard the news that well move into the new house. Whatever you say will interest us all. 【典型例题】 1. A computer can only do _ you have instructed it to do. A. how B. after C. what D. when 【答案】 C 考查的是名词性从句作宾语的用法 【点拨】此句的引导词既作连词又在宾语从句中充当一成分，故 what 最合适 2. I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. Is that _ you had a few days off ? A. why B. when C. what D. where 【答案】 A。考查的是从句的用法 【点拨】根据题意“我上周开车去珠海看航空展去了。”下面一句接着问：“那就是你为什么离开的原因吗？”故用 why 引导表语从句表示原因