1、 1 外文翻译 原文 The Long-Term Success of Mergers and Acquisitions in the International Automotive Supply Industry Material Source: SpringerLink Author: Jan-Peer Laabs 2.2 Mergers and Acquisitions Especially in US-American academic literature, mergers and acquisitions have developed into a widely-used col
2、lective term representing all corporate transactions in the course of which ownership and control of a firm are transferred from one hand to another. Jensen and Ruback (1983) describe the resulting market as a “market for corporate control“, in which managers and management teams are actively compet
3、ing for their right to control corporate resources. Alongside corporate expansions, these transactions in a broader sense also include corporate disposals as well as structural changes in the corporate control, corporate ownership or governance of a firm (Copeland and Weston (1988). Corporate expans
4、ions are regarded as mergers and acquisitions in a narrower sense comprehending all transactions forming one economic unit from two or more previous ones (Weston et al. (1990). As the purpose of this thesis is to determine long-term success of M Loughran and Vijh (1997) even conclude that acquirer r
5、eturns are overall negative or, at most, insignificantly positive. By contrast, the measurement of long-term M劳伦和 Vijh( 1997)甚至认为收购收益总体不利 或者 最多不积极的。 与此相反,长期并购成功的测量是受一个理论陷阱从较长时间段的分析,对变量项性能指标的选择,并应用统计学起源。对不正常的表现,需要一个基准测量,更长的时间内自动使 人们潜在的 对 新上市的关注和重新平衡内基准偏见( 里发和里昂( 1997)。如果不正常的表现是针对非合并企业的基准投资组合确定的,结果可能会
6、扭曲,自动相关或暴露于异方差。在过去,研究重点是应用了大量的活动时间和日历时间方法的结合,以克服这些不同的偏见和问题。 买入并持有异常收益( BHARs)代表最常用的在确定事件的时间长期性能的方法(见,例如,里特( 1991),理发和里昂( 1997),里昂, 理发,蔡( 1999)。确定的 BHARs非合并基准 由 收购公司的投资者的投资经验 决定 。这些基准通常基于 一个字符的匹配和市场市 值与账面价值比率(里昂等人。( 1999)为基础的程序。通过精心匹配参考组合或控制的公司收购公司并运用一个足够大的样本上先进的测试统计,该方法可以克服,如新上市的偏见,偏见和偏态平衡(里昂等固有的统计陷
7、阱。, ( 1999)。但是,它仍然是承担重大交叉相关,特别是由于不匹配随机抽取样本中的应用。 该法玛和法国 - 3因子模型( FF3F)作为共同代表日历时间的临近消除了交叉相关问题(法玛和法国( 1993),而在同一时间被曝光,如异方差其他潜在的陷阱。它确定了回归的收购,超额收益的时间序列对市场的超额收益,对 在小和大公司的回报差的时间序列的 顺序 (回报少无风险利率)的收购公司异常报酬,而时间在公司的回报高,低 打入 -帐面价值差异系列(法玛和法国( 1993)。总之,很明显的是,长期资本在汽车供应行业的收购市场表现进行全面评估,需要有区别的和复杂的方式方法,以达到对一般价值,行业内的 创造潜力 有效的结论。