2.15 容积为0.1m3的恒容密闭容器中有一绝热隔板,其两侧分别为0,4mol的Ar(g)及150,2mol的Cu(s)。现将隔板撤掉，整个系统达到热平衡，求末态温度t及过程的H 。已知：Ar(g)和Cu(s)的摩尔定压热容Cp,m分别为20.786Jmol-1K-1及24.435 Jmol-1K-1，且假设均不随温度而变。 解: 恒容绝热混合过程 Q = 0 W = 0由热力学第一定律得过程 U=U(Ar,g)+U(Cu,s)= 0U(Ar,g) = n(Ar,g) CV,m (Ar,g)(t20) U(Cu,S) H (Cu,s) = n(Cu,s)Cp,m(Cu,s)(t2150)解得末态温度 t2 = 74.23又得过程 H =H(Ar,g) + H(Cu,s) =n(Ar,g)Cp,m(Ar,g)(t20) + n(Cu,s)Cp,m(Cu,s)(t2150) = 2.47kJ或 H =U+(pV) =n(Ar,g)RT=48314(74.
