1、第八节 情态动词和虚拟语气第一部分 六年高考题荟萃2010 年高考题1. （10 安徽 32）Jack described his father, who _a brave boy many years ago, as a strongwilled manA. would be B. would have been C. must be D. must have been 答案：D. 考点：本题考查情态动词推测用法。解析：句意为“杰克把他的父亲描述为一个意志坚强的人，他的父亲多年前肯定很勇敢。”用 must have been 表示对过去事情的肯定推测。2.（10 湖南 23） You buy
2、 a gift, but you can if you want to.A. must B. mustnt C. have to D. dont have to答案：D考点：情态动词解析：dont have to 意为“没有必要”，符合语境，句意为：“你没有必要买礼物，但如果你想买的话，你也可以买。 ”3. （10 江西 23） I have told you the truth. _ I keep repeating it?A Must B Can C May D Will答案：A考点：考察情态动词的用法。解析： must 必须 , 一定 can 可以, 能够 may 也许 will 意愿,
3、 倾向性动作, 前半句说我告诉你事实了, 这里用的是现在完成时, 表示过去的动作对现在造成了影响, 既然我已经说了, 我还必须重复一遍吗？4. （10 山东 25）I_ have watched that movie itll give me horrible dreams. A. shouldnt B. neednt C. couldnt D. mustnt答案：A考点：本题考查情态动词的用法。解析：句意应为“我本来不应该看那部电影的-它会使我做噩梦的。 ”表示“本来不应该做而做了某事”用 shouldnt have done, 所以 A 项正确。5. （10 天津 9）Mark have
4、hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early.A. neednt B. wouldnt C. mustnt D. couldnt 答案：A. 考点：考查情态动词。句意：迈克本来不必要那么忙的。这么高速驾驶之后，他早半个小时到达了。解析：根据后面的语境，提前半个小时到达，说明 Mark 本来不必那么匆忙，所以用neednt have done 结构，表示“ 本来不必要做某事的而实际上做了”。6. （10 四川 3） I take the book out?Im afraid not.A. Will B. Ma
5、y C. Must D. Need答案：B考点：考查情态动词。解析：表请求可用情态动词 can, may, could, might ,表允许用 can, may.句意为：“我可以将这本书带出去吗？”“恐怕不行”。故应选表情请求的情态动词may。正确答案为 B。7. （10 全国29）.Just be patient .You _ expect the world to change so soon .A. cant B. neednt C. may not D. whether 答案：A句意：耐心一点儿，你不能期望世界变化如此快。解答：通过选项此题考察情态动词，cant 在否定句中可以表示推
6、测，译为不可能， ，可以表示能力，译为不能够，也可以表示命令，不允许，但是语气比 mustnt 弱，具有劝慰的意思，根据句意此题中选择 A，cant 表示劝慰。8. （10 江苏 25）I havent got the reference book yet, but Ill have a test on the subject next month.Dont worry. You_ have it by Friday.A. could B. shall C. must D. may 答案：B ，解析：shall 在第二人称中表示允诺，还可以表示强制，命令，威胁，警告。还有在法律条文中的要求或规
7、定。9. （ 陕西 23）May I take this book out of the reading room?No, you . You read it in here. A. mightnt B. wont C. neednt D. mustnt答案：D解析：考查情态动词。英语中用 could，might 表示询问或征求意见的问句中，肯定性应答要用 can 或 may 来代替 could 或 might，而 may 或 might 征求意见的问句否定应答时要用mustnt，故本题选 D。10. （10 全国17）Im afraid Mr. Harding _see you now. H
8、es busy.A. cant B. mustnt C. shouldnt D .neednt答案：A解析：情态动词考查。结合语境，根据情态动词用于疑问或否定推测时，要用cant。11. （10湖北79）Its said that they have swum to the island from the continent, but they _（不可能做到）because the ocean in between is too wide. (do)答案：cant/ couldnt have done it考点：情态动词解析：当要对过去进行肯定的推测时，要用 “cant/couldnt+ha
9、ve+done”的结构12（10 辽宁 26）.Doctors say that exercise is important for health, but it _ be regular exercise.Acan Bwill Cmust Dmay答案：C句意：医生说锻炼对身体重要，但是必须是有规律的锻炼。解析：考查情态动词。Can 一般表示“可能，或能力” ；will 表示“意志”；may 表示“许可，可能”；must 表示“必须”。13. （10 北京 23） -Good morning. Ive got an appointment with Miss Smith in the Per
10、sonnel Department.-Ah, good morning. You be Mrs. Peters.A. might B. must C. would D. can答案：B考点:本题考查情态动词在语境中的运用。解析：第一个说话人说和史密斯小姐有约，那下面的人就回应说，“那您一定就是 Mrs. Peters 了“因此排除 A,C.D14. （10 浙江 17）“You _ have a wrong number,” she said. “Theres no one of that name here.”A. need B. can C. must D. would 答案：C考点：情态
11、动词15. （10 上海 29）-Sorry, Professor Smith. I didnt finish the assignment yesterday.-Oh, you have done it as yesterday was the deadline.A. must B. mustnt C. should D. shouldnt答案：C考点：本题考查的是虚拟语气解析：此处表示和过去事实相反的情况，应该用 should + have + 过去分词。本来应该做，而未做16. （10 安徽 26）Bob would have helped us yesterday, but he-_A
12、. was busy B. is busy C. had been busy. D. will be busy 答案：A. 考点：本题考查虚拟语气与时态。解析：前句表示对过去的虚拟，而 but 之后表示过去的客观事实，故用一般过去时态。17. （10 湖南 29）If he my advice, he wouldnt have lost his job.A. followed B. should follow C. had followed D. would follow答案：C考点：考查虚拟语气。解析：根据“wouldnt have lost”可判断 if 引导的状语从句表示与过去事实相反的
13、虚拟，故选 C 项。18. （10 天津 15）John went to the hospital alone. If he me about it, I would have gone with him.A. should tell B. tells C. told D. had told 答案：D. 考点：考查虚拟语气。句意：约翰独自去了医院。如果他告诉我的话，我会跟他一起去的。解析：前一句是陈述语气，说明动发生在过去，而且后一句的主句已经是 would have gone说明是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。与之对应的从句结构，应该用 had +过去分词。19（10 江苏 34）. Georg
14、e is going to talk about the geography of his country, but Id rather he_ more on its culture.A. focus B. focused C. would focus D. had focused答案：选 B 解析：would rather 后应用虚拟语气，表示与现在时间相反，用动词的过去式20.（ 陕西 15）If we _ the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting. A. take B. had taken C.
15、 took D. have taken答案：B.解析：考查虚拟语气。所填词做虚拟语气中条件状语从句的谓语，根据主句的谓语动词形式 might have arrived 可知题干是与过去事实相反，故所填部分用 had+过去分词形式，选 B。21. （10 湖北 76）Mr. Johnson insisted that the problem worthy of attention _ (讨论) at the meeting. (discuss)答案：(should) be discussed 考点：虚拟语气解析：“insist” 引导的宾语从句要用虚拟，从句结构是 “should”（可省略）加动
16、词原形，主语 “problem” 是要“被讨论” 。22.（10 北京 34）-The weather has been very hot and dry.-Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables .A. wouldnt die B. didnt dieC. hadnt died D. wouldnt have died答案：D考点：本题考查虚拟语气中对过去的虚拟。解析：第二个说话人的 If 条件句是我们选择正确答案的关键。要是当时下雨了，现在的情况就好的多了！我
17、的蔬菜也就不会死了。过去没有下雨，所以我的蔬菜干死了也是发生在过去。而将句子还原则为 If it had rained even a drop, my vegetables wouldnt have died.If+ had done,主句为 couldnt/ shouldnt/ wouldnt have done.23 （10 浙江 10）Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy .Awould have been saved Bhad been saved Cwill be saved
18、 Dwas saved答案： A考点：本题考查虚拟语气。解析：根据句子的倒装特征判断此处是省略了 if 的虚拟语气，原形是：If I had known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy .故选择 A。句意为：如果我早知道这个电脑程序，就可以节省大量的时间和精力了。2009年高考题1. (09 安徽 29) Some people who dont like to talk much are not necessarily shy；they just be quiet people.A. must B.
19、may C. should D. would答案 B2. (09 北京 25) One of the few things you _ say about English people with certainty is that they talk a lot about the weather.A. need B. must C. should D. can答案 B3. (09 福建 35) But for the help of my English teacher, I the first prize in the English Writing Competition.A. woul
20、d not win B. would not have won C. would win D. would have won答案 B 解析 虚拟语气。此处虚拟语气表示与过去事实相反，句子谓语动词用would/should/could/might + have done 结构，故选 B。4. (09 湖南 30) Its the office! So you know eating is not allowed here. Oh, sorry.A. must B. will C. may D. need答案 A 解析 句意为：这是办公室！因此你必须知道吃的不允许带到这里。must 表示“绝不”
21、的意思。5. (09 海南 25) What do you mean, there are only ten tickets? There be twelveA. should B. would C. will D. shall答案 A 解析 你这是什么意思，只有十张票吗?应该有十二人。should 表示“应该，应当”。6. (09 上海 27) It_ have been Tom that parked the car here, as he is the only one with a car.A. may B. can C. must D. should答案 C7. (09 四川 13)
22、 I dont care what people think.Well, you _A. could B. would C. should D. might答案 C解析 考查情态动词的用法。答话的人提了一个建议你应该关注别人对你的评价的。should 可以用来向别人提建议，所以答案为：C8. (09 天津 15) This printer is of good quality. If it _ break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense.A. would B. should C. could D. mi
23、ght答案 B9. (09 重庆 32)Hi, Tom. Any idea where Jane is?She_in the classroom. I saw her there just now.A. shall be B. should have been C. must be D. might have been答案 C10. (09 全国20) I cant leave. She told me that I stay here until she comes back.A. can B. must C. will D. may答案 B11. (09 江苏 28) He did not
24、 regret saying what he did but felt that he it differently.A. could express B. would expressC. could have expressed D. must have expressed答案 C2008年高考题1.(08 全国17)Liza well not want to go on the tripshe hates traveling.A.will B.can C.mustD.may答案 D解析 句意为：Liza 极有可能不想去旅行 她讨厌旅行。 may well 很可能，极有可能，表示猜测。当表示
25、猜测时，will 和 can 不能与 well 连用，must 只能用于肯定句中。2.(08 北京 21)John promised his doctor he not smoke， and he has never smoked ever since.A.might B.should C.couldD.would答案 D解析 句意为:约翰答应医生他不再吸烟，从那以后，他再也没有吸过烟。由句意可知空格处表示允诺，故应选择 D 项。3.(08 天津 6)She have left school， for her bike is still here.A.cant B.wouldnt C.shou
26、ldntD.neednt答案 A解析 句意为：她不可能离开了学校，因为她的自行车仍然在这儿。cant 表示不可能；wouldnt have done表虚拟；shouldnt have done 本不该做( 却已做了） ；neednt have done 本没必要做(但已做了） 。4.(08 江西 26)What a pity!Considering his ability and experience， he better.A.need have done B.must have done C.can have doneD.might have done答案 D解析 句意为：太遗憾了！鉴于他的
27、能力和经验，他本可能做得更好。need have done 本来有必要做（而没做） ；must have done 是对过去发生的事情的肯定的推测，表示“过去一定做了” ；can have done 是对过去发生的事情的不肯定的推测； might have done 表示“本来可以” 。5.(08 湖南 28)You dont have to know the name of the author to find a book.Youfind the book by the title.A.must B.need C.canD.would答案 C解析 句意为：要找到一本书你不一定非要知道作者的
28、名字。你可以根据书的标题找到这本书。can 表示“可以，能够” 。6.(08 陕西 9)What sort of house do you want to have? Something big?Well， it be bigthats not important.A.mustnt B.neednt C.cantD.wont答案 B解析 句意为：“你想要什么样的房子？要大的吗？” “噢，它不需要很大，那不重要。”由.that s not important.这一语境可知，空格处应表示“不需要” ，故须用 neednt。7.(08 四川 10)Although this sound like a simple task，great care is needed.A.must B.may C.shallD.should答案 B解析 句意为：尽管这听起来可能像一项简单的任务，但是需要非常仔细。must 一定，必须；may 可能，可以；shall 将要；should 应该。各自表达的意义不同，选 may 最妥当。8.(08 重庆 30)
