1、外文翻译原文WORKENVIRONMENTANDJOBSATISFACTIONABDULMONEMHALZALABANIINTODUCTIONWORKENVIRONMENTHASBEENAPOPULARRESEARCHSUBJECTTHISPOPULARITYMAINLYRESULTSFROMITSIMPORTANTRELATIONSHIPSWITHHUMANBEHAVIOURINORGANIZATIONIFTHEWORKENVIRONMENTANDARRANGEMENTHELPANEMPLOYEETOBESATISFIEDWITHHISWORK,ITWILLAFFECTHISPERFORMA
2、NCEANDHISOWNLIFETHEWORKENVIRONMENTCONTAINSTWOCOMPONENTSJOBCHARACTERISTICSANDWORKCONTEXTTHESETWOCOMPONENTSACCORDINGTOWRIGHTANDDAVIS2003REPRESENTTHEFACTORSEXTERNALTOTHEEMPLOYEEANDCANBEINFLUENCEDEASILYBYTHEORGANIZATIONTOSHAPEEMPLOYEEJOBSATISFACTIONTREMBLAYANDROGER2004BELIEVETHATSOMEOFJOBCHARACTERISTICS
3、CANAFFECTTHEATTITUDESOFEMPLOYEESTOWARDSTHEIRWORKTHEREFORE,WRIGHTANDDAVIS2003SUGGESTTHATORGANIZATIONSSHOULDTAKEINTOCONSIDERATIONHOWTHEWORKENVIRONMENTMAYAFFECTTHEIREMPLOYEESPERCEPTIONS,ATTITUDESANDEXPERIENCESONTHEJOB,IFTHESEORGANIZATIONSWANTTOIMPROVETHEEMPLOYEESJOBSATISFACTIONTHEAUTHORSSTUDYABOUTTHEIN
4、FLUENCEOFTHEWORKENVIRONMENTONPUBLICEMPLOYEEFEELINGSOFJOBSATISFACTION,INDICATETHATTHESPECIFICJOBCHARACTERISTICSANDWORKCONTEXTNORMALLYASSOCIATEDWITHTHEPUBLICSECTORSIGNIFICANTLYINFLUENCEEMPLOYEEJOBSATISFACTIONLEE2003DEFINESINTRINSICJOBCHARACTERISTICSAS“THETYPEOFJOBCONTENT,THEAMOUNTOFDECISIONMAKING,ANDT
5、HEDEGREEOFROLEOVERLOADANDAMBIGUITY”MOREOVER,JOBCHARACTERISTICSTHEORYANTICIPATESTHAT,“ASJOBCONTROLINCREASES,EMPLOYEESWILLFINDTHEIRWORKMOREANDMOREINTRINSICALLYREWARDING,SUSTAININGINCREASEDLEVELSOFJOBSATISFACTIONANDMOTIVATION”KIFFINPETERSONANDCORDERY,2003THUS,AVAILABILITYOFCLEARANDACCURATEJOBDESCRIPTIO
6、NSISVERYIMPORTANTINTHEORGANIZATIONINORDERTOMAKEEMPLOYEESUNDERSTANDCLEARLYWHATISEXPECTEDOFTHEMINTHEIRJOBSANDTOAVOIDANYTENSIONASSOCIATEDWITHROLEAMBIGUITYTHEPURPOSEOFTHISSTUDYISTOEXPLORESOMEASPECTSOFWORKENVIRONMENTANDJOBCHARACTERISTICSOFAVERYIMPORTANTJOB,NAMELYOPERATIVEINOILANDPETROCHEMICALINDUSTRYITAL
7、SOAIMSTOEXAMINETHEIMPACTOFSUCHJOBCHARACTERISTICSONTHEEMPLOYEEFEELINGOFJOBSATISFACTION2DEFINITIONOFANOPERATIVEOPERATIVES,KEYWORKERSINEVERYMANUFACTURINGINDUSTRY,AREOFTENITSLARGESTSINGLEGROUPOFEMPLOYEESANOPERATIVEISUSUALLYONEOFASHIFTOFADOZENPERSONSORFEWERWHO,BETWEENTHEM,MAYCONTROLAPLANTWORTHALOTOFMONEY
8、THEDEPARTMENTOFEMPLOYMENT1971DEFINESOPERATIVESASTHOSE“PEOPLEDIRECTLYCONCERNEDWITHPRODUCTIONORSERVICEPOSSESSINGVARYINGDEGREESOFSKILLANDKNOWLEDGEWHICHISUSUALLYOFANARROWERRANGEANDCAPABLEOFALESSERDEGREEOFADAPTATIONTHANTHATOFACRAFTSMAN”KENNEYETAL,1979126THEINDUSTRIALTRAININGBOARDGLOSSARYOFTRAININGTERMS19
9、7225AGREESWITHTHEABOVEDEFINITIONITDEFINESAN“OPERATIVEMANUALWORKERASSOMEONEWITH,USUALLY,ANARROWERRANGEOFSKILLSANDADAPTABILITYTHANTHECRAFTSMAN”MOREOVER,THEIRONANDSTEELINDUSTRYTRAININGBOARD1972A4STATESTHAT“ANOPERATIVEISAMALEORFEMALEEMPLOYEEINTHEINDUSTRYENGAGEDTOUNDERTAKEWORKPRIMARILYINVOLVINGTHEOPERATI
10、ONOFEQUIPMENTORPLANT”ITEXPANDSTHETERMTOINCLUDETHOSEENGAGEDINLABOURING,SEMISKILLEDWORKINMAINTENANCEORSERVICEDEPARTMENTS,SUCHASDRIVERSPRODUCTIONWORKERSINCLUDINGMACHINEOPERATIVESWAREHOUSINGANDINSPECTIONINADDITION,MAINTENANCECRAFTSMENORTECHNICALGRADESARESOMETIMESIDENTIFIEDASOTHERCATEGORIESOFOPERATIVETHE
11、IRONANDSTEELINDUSTRYTRAININGBOARD1972AUSESTHETERMJUNIOROPERATIVESTOIDENTIFYINDIVIDUALSUNDEREIGHTEENWHOSERECRUITMENTANDTRAININGUSUALLYFALLSINTOTWOGROUPSTHEFIRSTCONSISTSOFTHOSEWHOARERECRUITEDTORECEIVEBROADBASEDTRAININGANDEDUCATIONINPREPARATIONFORFUTURE,MORERESPONSIBLEJOBSINPRODUCTIONORSERVICEDEPARTMEN
12、TSTHEUKIRONANDSTEELINDUSTRYTRAININGBOARD1972BGIVETHEMTHETITLEOFPRODUCTIONAPPRENTICESTOEMPHASISTHEINDEPTHNATUREOFTHEIRTRAININGTHEYAREUSUALLYSCHOOLLEAVERSANDAREGENERALLYRECRUITEDASAGROUPTHESECONDGROUPISTHOSEWHOARERECRUITEDTOFILLIMMEDIATEVACANCIESAFTERALIMITEDAMOUNTOFTRAININGTHESEARECALLEDDIRECTENTRANT
13、SANDTENDTOVARYINAGEANDEXPERIENCEFROMSCHOOLLEAVERSTOTHOSEWHOHAVEWORKEDBEFOREINSIMILARINDUSTRIESFROMTHEABOVEDEFINITIONSITISOBVIOUSTHATALMOSTALLOFTHEAUTHORSAGREEABOUTTHATANOPERATIVEISASEMISKILLEDWORKERTHURSFIELD,1999A/BGIBBONSWOOD,1999BARBER1968326CONFIRMSTHISDEFINITIONWITHSOMERESERVATION,SINCEHESTATES
14、THAT“INMANYCONTINUOUSPROCESSINDUSTRIES,THEOPERATOROFTENTHOUGHNOTINVARIABLYHASBEENREGARDEDASASEMISKILLEDWORKERINTHEFUTURE,HEMAYWELLNEEDTOBECOMEATECHNICIAN”THUS,THEREISANOTIONOFSOMEPOTENTIALFORANOPERATIVESJOBTOBEMORESIGNIFICANTAND,OFCOURSE,THEREISADIFFERENCEBETWEENTHETRADITIONALMANUALOPERATIVEANDTHEPR
15、OCESSOPERATIVEINMODERNINDUSTRY,ITISIMPORTANTFOROPERATIVES“TOBESWIFTANDACCURATEINDIAGNOSISANDEQUALLYSWIFTINTAKINGCORRECTIVEACTION”BARBER,1968328ACCORDINGLY,BARBERSUGGESTSHAVINGTWOKINDSOFOPERATIVEONEISTHEPROCESSOPERATIVEMECHANIC,WHOWOULDALWAYSBEINAPOSITIONTOKEEPHIMSELFMENTALLYINTUNEBYINSTRUMENTMAINTEN
16、ANCEWORKBECAUSEOFTHISWORKHEWOULDBEMOREABLETODEALEFFECTIVELYWITHACONTINGENCYWHICHMIGHTOTHERWISECAUSEANEMERGENCYTHESECONDISASITEMONITORINGOPERATIVEWHOCOULD,BUTMIGHTNOTNECESSARILY,ACQUIRESOMEOFATECHNICIANSEXPERTISETHISNOTIONOFENDINGTHEOCCUPATIONALDIVISIONBETWEENCRAFTTECHNICIANANDPROCESSOPERATIVEAPPEARS
17、INTWOFORMSFIRSTLY,ASTHURSFIELD1999AREMARKS,THEREISASHIFTTOWARDSFLEXIBLEWORKINGPRACTICESTHROUGHTHEINTRODUCTIONOFMULTISKILLINGBETWEENCRAFTMAINTENANCEWORKERSANDPROCESSOPERATIVESSECONDLY,APOLICYHASBEENINTRODUCEDOFRECRUITINGONLYQUALIFIEDCRAFTSMENTOPROCESSOPERATIVEPOSTSTHURSFIELD,1999AHOWEVER,THISLATTERFA
18、CESSOMECRITICISMS,SUCHASTHEFACTTHATTHOSECRAFTSMENWOULDFINDTHEJOBBORING,WHICH,INTURN,WOULDLEADTOTHEIRMAKINGMOREMISTAKESTHANLESSQUALIFIEDWORKERSTHURSFIELD,1999BMOREOVER,ITISIMPORTANTTORECOGNISETHATSELECTIONOFTHOSEWORKERSISNOTAMATTEROFPICKINGTHEBESTAPPLICANTSBUTOFCHOOSINGTHOSEPEOPLEMOSTSUITABLEFORAPART
19、ICULARJOB”3CHARACTERISTICSOFOPERATIVEJOBSJOBCHARACTERISTICSCANBEDEFINEDAS“WHATAPERSONDOESATWORKTHATISTHENATUREOFTHEJOBORTHECOLLECTIONOFTASKSTHATCOMPRISETHEJOB”WRIGHTANDDAVIS,2003THISSECTIONPROVIDESALITERATUREREVIEWOFTHEOPERATIVEJOBDESCRIPTIONKENNEYETAL,1979LISTSIXCOMMONCHARACTERISTICSOFOPERATIVEJOBS
20、1SHORTLEARNINGTIMESGENERALLYSPEAKING,TOPRODUCEANOPERATIVETAKESLESSTRAININGTIMETHANISTHECASEWITHOTHERJOBSBECAUSEOPERATIVESNORMALLYCONCENTRATEONASPECIFICAREAORTASK,ENABLINGAHIGHDEGREEOFSKILLINALIMITEDARETOBEACQUIRED,INALIMITEDPERIODOFTIME2STANDARDTRAININGPROGRAMMESTHEYAREUSUALLYCLEARLYSPECIFIED,WHICHM
21、EANSTHEREISLITTLEVARIATIONINTHEWAYSIMILARWORKISPERFORMEDBYDIFFERENTOPERATIVESACCORDINGLY,OPERATIVETRAININGPROGRAMMESCANBESTANDARDISEDANDTHESAMETRAININGMANUALSCANBEUSEDREPEATEDLY3LIMITEDKNOWLEDGECONTENTOPERATIVEJOBSTENDTOREQUIREARESTRICTEDRANGEOFTECHNICALKNOWLEDGEBECAUSETHEYDEPENDMAINLYONTHEUSEOFMANU
22、ALSKILLSHOWEVER,ROBINSON1988173ARGUESTHATTHENATUREOFMANYOPERATIVETASKSISCHANGINGHESTATESTHAT“AUTOMATIONHASELIMINATEDSOMEANDSUBSTITUTEDOTHERSWHICHINVOLVECONTROLLINGANDMONITORINGPROCESSESRATHERTHANMANUALONES”BARBER1968CLAIMSTHATTHEOPERATIVESJOBHASBECOMEEASIERDUETOMODERNTECHNOLOGYHOWEVER,BERG1987115DIS
23、AGREESANDSTATESTHATTHEOPERATIVEFUNCTIONISEXPECTEDTOBEUPGRADEDDUETOAUTOMATION“INCONTROLLINGTHECOMPLEXTOTALOFAPRODUCTIONPROCESSINANADVANCEDPLANTOPERATORSREQUIREKNOWLEDGEOFTHERELATIONSBETWEENTHEVARIOUSMACHINESANDMACHINEPARTSANDTHETECHNOLOGICALMEANINGOFTHEPRODUCTIONPHASES”P115KIFFINPETERSONANDCORDERY200
24、3CONCLUDETHATTHESKILLLEVELREQUIREDBYTHEPLANTOPERATIVESHASGREATLYINCREASEDINADDITION,SINGERANDMACDONALD197018NOTETHAT“THEPROCESSOPERATORREQUIRESMOREKNOWLEDGEHISJOBISPRIMARILYONEOFMONITORINGTHEPROCESSHEHASBECOMETOALARGEEXTENTTHEEYESANDEARSOFTHEMAINTENANCEMANANDNEEDSTODEVELOPACLOSEWORKINGRELATIONSHIPWI
25、THMAINTENANCESTAFFTHEREFORE,INTHISCASE,THEOPERATIVENEEDSTOBEWELLINFORMEDABOUTTHEOPERATION”4SIGNIFICANTMANUALSKILLCONTENTOPERATIVEJOBSUSUALLYREQUIRECONSIDERABLEMANUALSKILLHOWEVER,WITHREGARDTOTHEPROCESSOPERATIVE,BERG1987ARGUESTHATMANUALSKILLSAREBECOMINGLESSANDLESSIMPORTANTINOPERATINGADVANCEDPRODUCTION
26、PROCESSESHEADDSTHATOPERATIVESINSUCHPLANTSNEED,INSTEAD,COGNITIVEKNOWLEDGETOMAKEPREDICTIONSABOUTTHEDIRECTIONOFTHEPROCESS,BESIDESKNOWLEDGEOFHOWTOINTERPRETINFORMATIONFROMMETERSANDINDICATORS5MINIMALEDUCATIONKENNEYETAL,1979ARGUETHATMOSTOPERATIVEJOBSREQUIREPHYSICALRATHERTHANMENTALSKILLSTHUS,ACADEMICQUALIFI
27、CATIONSAREUNNECESSARYHOWEVER,THEYADMITTHATAPROCESSPLANTOPERATIVESHOULDHAVEAHIGHGENERALSTANDARDOFEDUCATION,INORDERTOACQUIREAWORKINGKNOWLEDGEOFTHEPROCESSHEISCONTROLLINGACCORDINGTOBERG1987THEMAJORITYOFMANAGERSINTERVIEWEDFELTTHATTHEOPERATIVENEEDSAHIGHERLEVELOFEDUCATIONBECAUSEOFAUTOMATION6ONANDOFFTHEJOBT
28、RAININGOPERATIVETRAININGSCHEMESVARYFROMONTHEJOBTOOFFTHEJOBTRAININGOJTISWHERETHENEWCOMERISTRAINEDUNDERACTUALWORKCONDITIONSBARBER1968STATESTHATINMANYFIRMS,OPERATIVESJOBKNOWLEDGEHASOFTENBEENACQUIREDBYWORKINGALONGSIDEANOTHEROPERATIVEANDAFTERTHATBYEXPOSUREINTHEPAST,SITTINGBYNELLIEWASTHEMOSTCOMMONPRACTICE
29、HOWEVER,WITHTHEGROWINGEMPHASISONSYSTEMATICTRAINING,ITHASBECOMENECESSARYTOCREATEOFFTHEJOBTRAININGCENTRESALTHOUGHTHISTYPEOFTRAININGHASSOMEADVANTAGES,ITHASTHEDISADVANTAGEOFTHETRANSFEROFLEARNINGTHEREFORE,KENNEYETAL,1979129APPROVEOFANEWTRAININGSCHEMECALLEDSITTINGNEXTTOTHENEWNELLIETHEYDESCRIBETHISAS“ANONT
30、HEJOBTYPEOFTRAININGCARRIEDOUT,NOTBYFULLTIMEPROFESSIONALTRAINERSBUTBYSKILLEDOPERATORSWHOAREINREALITYPARTTIMESEMISKILLEDTRAINERS”WITHREGARDTOTHEPROCESSOPERATIVE,SEYMOUR1966IDENTIFIESFOURTYPESOFDUTYINHIS/HERWORK1CONTROLTHEOPERATIVEMUSTMONITORTHEVARIOUSEQUIPMENTANDGAUGES,PAYATTENTIONTOANYABNORMALSIGNSCO
31、MINGFROMTHEPLANTSUCHASNOISES,SMELLSANDVIBRATION,ANDCONTACTTHECONTROLROOMOPERATIVECONSOLEOPERATIVEIFSUCHCASESARENOTICEDTHECONSOLEOPERATIVEMUSTTAKEPROMPTACTIONTOCORRECTOPERATIONSHEISREQUIREDTOCARRYOUTFREQUENTTESTSONTHEPRODUCTTOENSURETHATITSTAYSWITHINSPECIFICATIONS2SPECIALPROCEDURESANDDRILLSTHEREAREPAR
32、TICULARSTEPSANDPROCEDURESWHICHSHOULDBEUNDERTAKENWHENSTARTINGUPORSHUTTINGDOWNTHEPLANTORINPARTICULAREMERGENCIESTHEYAREOFTENRAPIDANDCOMPLICATEDMANUALANDPROCESSOPERATIONS3ROUTINEMAINTENANCEHEMUSTTAKECAREOFTHEEQUIPMENT,EGADDINGOILTOCOMPRESSORSORPUMPS,ANDCLEANINGEQUIPMENTANDGAUGES4RECORDINGANDREPORTINGHES
33、HOULDREGULARLYRECORDTHEREADINGSOFIMPORTANTINDICATORSANDGAUGES,CONTROLSETTINGS,ANDTHERESULTSOFPRODUCTTESTSINAREADINGFORMORLOGFURTHERMORE,ATTHEENDOFTHEDAY,HEMUSTWRITEDOWNINTHESHIFTLOGANYOPERATIONSCARRIEDOUTORANYCHANGESWHICHHAVEHAPPENEDDURINGHISSHIFT,FORTHENEXTONEFINALLY,ROBINSON1988ANDBERG1987POINTOUT
34、THEIMPORTANCEOFPRODUCTIONWORKERSFORTHESUCCESSANDSURVIVALOFABUSINESSTHEYARGUETHATPRODUCTIONOPERATIVESSHOULDBETREATEDDIFFERENTLYFROMOTHERGROUPSOFWORKERSANDATTENTIONSHOULDBEPAIDTOTAKINGPRECAUTIONARYMEASURESINADVANCEDINDUSTRIALPLANTSTHISISBECAUSEANYFAILUREBYONEMEMBEROFSUCHAGROUPMAYBEMULTIPLIEDBYANUMBERO
35、FOPERATORSINTHATPRODUCTLINEAND,EVENTUALLY,MIGHTAFFECTTHEPROFITSOFTHEBUSINESSTHEREFORE,ACCORDINGTOROBINSON,ATTITUDESTOWARDSTHEIRJOBSNEEDTOBEIMPROVEDANDTHEYSHOULDBETRAINEDASATEAM,SINCEONTHECOMPLETIONOFTHEIRTRAININGTHEYWILLBEEXPECTEDTOWORKEFFECTIVELYINTEAMSBUTTHEQUESTIONISWHETHERTHEWORKENVIRONMENTOFSUC
36、HOCCUPATIONPROVIDESANOPPORTUNITYFORJOBSATISFACTIONORNOTINTHISINDUSTRY3JOBSATISFACTIONJOBSATISFACTIONISDEFINEDASTHE“POSITIVEEMOTIONALSTATERESULTINGFROMAPPRAISALOFONESJOBOREXPERIENCE”WRIGHTANDDAVIS,2003CHENETAL,2003STONE1998ARGUESTHATCOMMONJOBSATISFACTIONFACETSINCLUDEPAY,SUPERVISION,JOBCONDITION,THENA
37、TUREOFTHEWORKANDOTHERSINDEED,HERZBERGINHISTWOFACTORTHEORYOFMOTIVATIONARGUESTHAT“FACTORSWHICHLEDTOSATISFACTIONWEREDIFFERENTFROMTHOSEWHICHLEDTODISSATISFACTIONATWORK”BUCHANANINDICATETHATTHEIRPREVIOUSJOBSWERESIMILARTOTHEIRCURRENTONESDATACOLLECTIONANDANALYSISDATAHASBEENGATHEREDFROMANUMBEROFSOURCESTHEFIRS
38、T,SEMISTRUCTUREDINTERVIEWSWERECONDUCTEDWITHMANAGERSOFTRAININGDEPARTMENTS,OPERATIONSDEPARTMENTSANDPERSONNELDEPARTMENTSSECOND,DOCUMENTARYSOURCESINCLUDINGCOMPANYREPORTSANDNEWSLETTERSTHIRD,QUESTIONNAIRESWEREDISTRIBUTEDTOTHEOPERATIVESANDONTHEJOBTRAINEESACCORDINGLY,THISCENSUSCOVERED580OPERATIVESANDONTHEJO
39、BTRAINEESONTHETHREECOMPANIESANDTHEIRFIVEPLANTSPLANTI,PLANTII,PLANTIIIARAMCO,PLANTIVYANPETANDPLANTVSAMERFTHERESPONSERATESWERE709PERCENTTHEDATAANALYSISWASAIMEDATPRODUCINGFREQUENCYDISTRIBUTIONSANDPERCENTAGESOFRESPONSESWITHINTHESEPLANTSANDCOMPANIESITALSOSOUGHTANSWERSTOWHETHERTHEREISASTATISTICALLYSIGNIFI
40、CANTRELATIONSHIPBETWEENANDAMONGCERTAINVARIABLESTOANALYSETHEDATASPSSWASUSEDSOTHATCROSSTABULATION,CHISQUAREANDASSOCIATIONTESTRESULTSSUCHASPHIANDCRAMERSVCOULDBEPRODUCED5RESULTTHISSECTIONAIMSTOEXPLORETHENATUREOFTHEOPERATIVEJOBASEXISTINGINTHEPLANTSOPERATINGINTHEHEAVYINDUSTRYSECTORINYANBUINDUSTRIALCITYTHR
41、OUGHPRESENTINGOPINIONSOFTHEPEOPLEMOSTCONCERNEDNAMELY,OPERATIVESANDONTHEJOBTRAINEESPRESENTATIONANDANALYSISOFTHERESULTWILLBEACCORDINGTOTHERESEARCHQUESTIONSWHICHWEREFORMEDFORTHISPURPOSERESEARCHQUESTION1WHATAREOPERATIVESATTITUDESTOWARDSTHEIRJOBSFIRST,RESPONDENTSWEREASKEDIFTHEYTHATPAYLEVELSFOROPERATIVESW
42、EREFAIRFINDINGSSHOWTHATTHEMAJORITY77OFRESPONDENTSSAIDNO,ANDONLY23PERCENTOFTHEMTHOUGHTITWASHOWEVER,THEX2RESULTINDICATESASIGNIFICANTDIFFERENCEP0000BETWEENTHECOMPANIESTABLE1,INTHATRESPONDENTSINSAMREF394AREMORESATISFIEDWITHPAYLEVELS,FOLLOWEDBYYANPETOPERATIVES26,WITHONLY153PERCENTOFARAMCOOPERATIVESTHINKI
43、NGTHATPAYLEVELSWEREFAIRMOREOVER,STATISTICALANALYSISINDICATESSIGNIFICANTDIFFERENCESP0002BETWEENTHEGROUPSINTHEVARIOUSPLANTSOPERATIVESINPLANTSI,IIANDIIIHADTHESAMEDEGREEOFSATISFACTION,WHICHWASLOWERTHANTHATFOUNDINPLANTSIVANDVCOMMENTSFROMSAMREFRESPONDENTSINDICATEDTHATTHEYNEEDEDARISKBONUSLIKETHEIRCOLLEAGUE
44、SINTHEMAINTENANCEDEPARTMENTRESPONDENTSFROMARAMCOSTATEDTHATTHECOMPANYDIDNOTPROVIDEDANADEQUATEOPPORTUNITYFORPROMOTIONWHICHUSUALLYRAISESSALARIESANDTHATANNUALSALARYINCREASEDEPENDEDONTHESUPERVISORSSATISFACTIONWITHOPERATIVESSECONDLY,RESPONDENTSWEREASKEDIFTHEYTHOUGHTTHATTHEOPERATIVEJOBPROVIDEDOPPORTUNITIES
45、FORJOBSATISFACTIONTHERESULTSHOWSTHATTHEMAJORITYOFRESPONDENTSINARAMCO688ANDSAMREF556DIDNOTTHINKSO,WHILE648PERCENTOFYANPETOPERATIVESDIDTHISISUNDERLINEDINTHEX2RESULT,WHICHSHOWSTHATTHEREARESIGNIFICANTDIFFERENCESP0000BETWEENTHEGROUPSITALSOINDICATESSIGNIFICANTDIFFERENCESP0000BETWEENTHEPLANTSACOMMENTFROMON
46、ERESPONDENTSTATEDTHATITWOULDBETHECASEIFSELFSATISFACTION,ENCOURAGEMENTANDWORKAPPRECIATIONEXISTEDATWORKTHIRDLY,RESPONDENTSWEREASKEDTOINDICATETHEIRDEGREEOFSATISFACTIONWITHTHEIRJOBSTHEFINDINGSSHOWTHAT437PERCENTOFRESPONDENTSWERESATISFIEDAND215PERCENTWEREDISSATISFIEDTHETESTINDICATESASIGNIFICANTDIFFERENCEP
47、0000BETWEENTHECOMPANIESOPERATIVESINYANPETANDSAMREFAREEVIDENTLYMORESATISFIEDTHANARAMCOSOPERATIVESFURTHERMORE,THEREWERESIGNIFICANTDIFFERENCESP0000BETWEENGROUPSINTHEPLANTSREGARDINGTHEIRDEGREEOFJOBSATISFACTIONDISSATISFIEDOPERATIVESWEREMOREPREVALENTINPLANTIFINALLY,RESPONDENTSWEREASKEDIFTHEYTHOUGHTTHEIRJO
48、BSWEREBORINGTHERESULTSHOWSTHATTHEMAJORITY604OFRESPONDENTSANSWEREDINTHENEGATIVETHETESTINDICATESTHEREWERESIGNIFICANTDIFFERENCESP0000BETWEENTHECOMPANIESOPERATIVESINARAMCOWEREDIVIDED,WHILE746PERCENTOFSAMREFAND688PERCENTOFYANPETOPERATIVESDIDNOTTHINKTHATTHEYHADBORINGJOBSWITHREFERENCETOTHEPLANTS,THETESTRES
49、ULTALSOINDICATESSIGNIFICANTDIFFERENCESP0000BETWEENTHERESPONDENTGROUPSREGARDINGTHEDEGREEOFBOREDOMEXPERIENCEDWHILETHERESPONDENTSINPLANTIWEREDIVIDED,INPLANTII591THEYTHOUGHTTHEYHADABORINGJOBANDINTHEOTHERPLANTSTHEYDIDNOTTHINKSOTHOSEWHOTHOUGHTTHEIRJOBSWEREBORINGRELATEDITTOPOORMANAGEMENTINCLUDINGINEFFECTIVESUPERVISORS,DISCRIMINATIONANDNEPOTISM,POORCOMMUNITYSERVICESFROMTHECOMPANY,PSYCHOLOGICALSTRESS,LACKOFMOTIVATIONANDSPENDINGMANYYEARSATTHESAMEUNITORTHESAMEGRADERESEARCHQUESTION2ARETHEREPERFORMANCESTANDARDS,APPRAISALSANDWRITTENJOBDESCRIPTIONSANDAREJOBDESCRIPTIONSACCURAT
