1、 初中宾语从句练习宾语从句的用法一、主句是一般现在时，从句可用任何时态根椐主句中的谓语动词，决定从句动作发生主句前后关系，所用时态。I think that she will finish reading that book in two days 我想她两天后看完那本书。二、主句是过去式时，从句必须用过去时的形式1一般过去式He told me that Jim returned his book to him last Sunday. 他告诉我吉姆上星期天把他的书还他了。2 过去进行时She said she was writing to her friend at this time y
2、esterday. 她说她昨天这时候正在给她的朋友写信。3 过去将来时 He asked when they would leave the next week.他问他们下个星期什么时候出发。4 过去完成时She said she had known him since two years ago. 她说她自从两年前就认识他。5如从句是客观真理时，用一般现在时She told us the earth moves around the sun.她告诉我们地球围绕太阳转。The teacher said Japan is the east of China. 老师讲日本位于中国的东部。三、宾语从
3、句三种形式1陈述句，前用引导词 that，但经常省略I hear (that) he will help you with your French. 我听说他将帮忙你的法语。Lily knew (that)Tom had gone to London by air.莉莉知道汤姆坐飞机去伦敦了。2从句是一般疑问时，前用 if 或 whetherHe asked if she liked swimming. 他问她是否喜欢游泳。He asked me whether Mike came to school by bike or on foot.他问我迈克骑自行车还是步行去学校。C主句动词是由介词构
4、成及 She asked whether Jim left the message or not when he left. 她问当吉姆离开时是否留条没有。注：在下列几种情况下，只能用 whether,不能用 if:当 or not 紧随连词之后时。如：I dont know whether or not he will come on time.我不知道他能否按时来。从句用作介词宾语时。如：I am interested in whether he joined the army.我对他是否入伍很感兴趣。在带 to 的动词不定式前。如： She doesnt know whether to
5、go to the cinema or to watch TV at home.她不知道是去看电影还是在家看电视。当宾语从句移至句首表强调时。如：Whether this is true or not, Im not sure. 这是否真实，我不敢肯定。3从句是特殊疑问句A特殊疑问词不是作主语，疑问词放在句首，其它部分按陈述句语序。B如特殊疑问词作主语，语序不用动。Do you know what he did with that thing? 他知道他怎样处理那件事的吗？Could you tell me who can look after her? 你能告诉我谁能照顾她吗？注：A主句是一
6、般疑问，句尾用问号、用升调。B主句不是一般疑问句，句尾用句号，用降调。 四、 “在 be 形容词 glad, sorry, sure, surprised 等”后跟 that 引导的从句。意思上看起来是宾语从句，实际上引导的是原因状语从句，说明主句的原因Im glad that you come to see me. 你来看我，我很高兴。Im sorry that everything hasnt gone very well. 很抱歉一切事情进行很不顺利。五、一般疑问句主要有 think, believe, suppose, dont you know 这类词时。在句中主句的主谓结构是插入语
7、，从句的疑问词是在主句前 Who do you think is looking for you ? 你认为谁正在找你呢？When dont you know well have meeting? 你不知道我们什么时候开会吗？Whom do you believe she can come with? 你相信她能和谁来呢？六、动词 think, believe, suppose, expect 等，否定时，到从句翻译，叫否定转移。I dont think she can lend it to the others, can she? 我想她不会把它借给其他人，是吗？I dont believe
8、 everyone has done his homework, have they? 我相信大家不没有做作业，是吗？注：转意否定时，反意疑问句看从句部分。焦点一：宾语从句的引导词1.宾语从句具有陈述意义时用 that 引导。that 无具体意思，不作任何成分，因此在口语或非正式文体中常常被省略。如：She said (that) she would leave the book on his desk.她说她会把那本书放在他的桌子上。从句的主语是 that 时， that 不能省略；主从句之间有插入语时，that 不能省略；若出现两个或两个以上的 that 宾语从句，且由并列连词连接时，只有
9、第一个连词 that 可以省去，其余保留。如： It says here, on this card, that it was used in plays.卡片上写着，它过去是演戏用的。My aunt said (that) she would come and that she would also bring her daughter.我姑姑说她要来，还要带她的女儿来。2.当宾语从句由一般疑问句变化而来时，用 if 或 whether 来引导从句，意为“是否” 。如：Alice wanted to know if / whether her grandmother liked the ba
10、g.艾丽斯想知道她祖母是否喜欢这个包。3.宾语从句具有特殊疑问含义时用连接代（副）词引导，它们在宾语从句中充当一定成分，因此不能省略。如：Did you hear what he said?你听见他说的话了吗？（作宾语） I dont know whose that is.我不知道那是谁的。 （作表语）Could you tell me how I get to the post office?你能告诉我到邮局怎么走吗？（作状语） 焦点二：宾语从句的语序无论宾语从句的主句是陈述句还是疑问句，也无论主从句间是什么引导词，宾语从句一律用陈述语序，即“引导词+主语+谓语+ 其它” 。如：Could
11、you tell me? / Where does Wei Fang live? Could you tell me where Wei Fang lives?当疑问代词 who, what 等在从句中作主语时，语序本来就是陈述语序，故语序不再变化。如： Who will give us a talk? Please tell us. Please tell us who will give us a talk.The teacher told us that light travels much faster than sound.老师告诉我们光比声音传播快。He said time is
12、money.他说时间就是金钱。九年级英语 Unit 11语法题一.单项选择1. He said _ she would leave the message on the headmasters desk.A. that B. where C. which D. what2. In the bookshop, a reader asked the shopkeeper _ Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting book.A. that B. how C. what D. if3. A: Could you tell me _ she is looking
13、for? B: Her cousin, Susan.A. that B. whose C. who D. which4. I want to know_.A. what is his name B. whats his name C. that his name is D. what his name is5. Could you tell me_?A. when did Tom come back B. when does Tom come backC. when Tom will come back D. when Tom comes back6.Mr. King didnt know _
14、 yesterday evening.A. when does his son come home B. when his son comes homeC. when did his son come home D. when his son came home7. The teacher told us yesterday that December 25 _ Christmas Day.A. is B. was C. has been D. which 8. I wonder _ you would like to come to my birthday party.A. that B.
15、whether C. that if D. that whether9. Do you know _ during the coming holiday?A. what will Tom do B. what did Tom do C. what Tom will do D. what Tom did 10. The teacher told us that light _ much faster than sound. A. travels B. traveled C. would travel D. had traveled11. Do you know if _ back next we
16、ek? If he _ back, please let me know.A. he comes, will come B. will he come, comes C. he will come, comes D. will he come, will come 12. The girls asked if they _ some food and drink with them.A. took B. take C. takes D. will take13.Catherine said that she _ to Guangzhou.A. has never gone B. had nev
17、er gone C. has never been D. had never been14. The students want to know whether they_ dictation today.A. had B. has . C. will have D. are15. She asked Linda if_ go and get some. A. could she B. she could C. she can D. she may16 Linda said the moon_ round the earth. A. travelled B. has travelled C.
18、travels D. had travelled17. Can you tell me_ you were born, Betty? A. who B. what C. when D. that18. I dont know _ they have passed the exam. A. what B. if C. when D. where19. I hardly understand._ he has told me. A. that B. what C. which D. who20. She didnt know_ back soon.A. whether he would be B.
19、 if would he be C. he will be D. if he will come21.He asked me _told me the accident A whom B which C who D whose22.They dont know _their parents are. A that B what C why D which二、同义句转换1. Jim said: “The fastest way to travel is by plane.”Jim said _ the fastest way to travel _ by plane.2. The teacher
20、 said to us: “Spring comes after winter.”The teacher _ _ _ spring _ after winter.3. He cant work out the problem. I believe.I _ _ _ _ work out the problem.4. How can we get to the plane? I dont know.I dont know _ _ _ get to the plane.5. Where did you find the book? Could you tell me?Could you tell m
21、e _ _ _ the book?6. Who has left for Haikou? Nobody knows.Nobody knows _ _ _ _ Haikou.7.Will you go there by bus? Have you made a decision?Have you decided _ _ _ there by bus?三.句型转换。1).How does he get on with his new classmates? Could you tell me? (改为含有宾语从句的复合句)Could you tell me how _ _ on with his
22、new classmates?2).What is he doing there? Mother didnt know. (改为含有宾语从句的复合句Mother didnt know what _ _doing there.3).Youd better ask your mother whether is it cheap enough before you try it on.(改错)4)Whats his name? I asked him.（改为含有宾语从句的复合句）I asked him what _ _ _.5)Why didnt he look happy? Could you t
23、ell me?(改为含有宾语从句的复合句)Could you tell me why _ _ look happy?6)Does he still live in that street? I dont know(改为含有宾语从句的复合句)I dont know _ he still _ in that street.7)Whose children is the old woman looking after?Did you find out?（改为含有宾语从句的复合句Did you find out whose children the old woman _ _ after?8)The
24、moon moves round the earth. My sister told me.（同上）My sister told me _ the moon_ round the earth.9) I think it is not going to snow tomorrow.（改错）10). “Do you want to try something new。“ Toms mother asked him.(同义句转换)Toms mother asked him_ _ _to try something new.参考答案：一、单项选择：1-5 ADCDC 6 -10 D A B C A 1
25、1-15 C A D C B 16-20 C C B B A 21-22 C B2、同义句转换：1.that, is 2.said to us/ told us that, comes 3.doesnt believe that he can4.how we can 5.where you found 6.who has left for7.if/whether you would go3、句型转换：1.he gets 2.he was 3.把 it 置于 is 之前4.his name was 5.he didnt 6.if lives 7.was looking8.that moves 9.if.whether he wanted
