1、本科毕业设计(论文)外文翻译原文BUSINESSIMPROVEMENTSTRATEGYORUSEFULTOOLANALYSISOFTHEAPPLICATIONOFTHE5SCONCEPTINJAPAN,THEUKANDTHEUSTHISRESEARCHINVESTIGATESHOWAJAPANESEPHILOSOPHYFORLIFE,THE5SCONCEPT,HASBEENAPPLIEDTOACHIEVEBUSINESSIMPROVEMENTINJAPAN,THEUKANDTHEUSANEXPLORATORYSTUDYINTOANUNDERRESEARCHEDAREA,THERESEARCHU
2、TILISESFRAMEWORKSPROVIDEDBYOSADAANDHIRANOAQUANTITATIVECONTENTANALYSISAPPROACHOFTHEWEBSITESOF217BUSINESSESISUSEDLEXICALANALYSISOFTHEMANIFESTCONTENTOFWORLDWIDEWEBBUSINESSDOMAINSFACILITATESUNDERSTANDINGOFTHEWAYSINWHICH5SHASBEENADOPTEDANDIMPLEMENTEDTHERESEARCHFINDSTHATJAPANEMPHASISES5SASASTRATEGYFORBUSI
3、NESSEXCELLENCE,REQUIRINGPARTICIPATIONBOTHATWORKANDINTHEHOMEINTHEUKANDUS,5SISVIEWEDASASYSTEMORTOOLFORTHEWORKPLACEONLYTHEFINDINGSSUGGESTTHATABALANCEDUNDERSTANDINGOFBOTH5SASAPHILOSOPHYORWAYAND5SASATECHNIQUEORTOOLCOULDDEFINETHEULTIMATEGOALOF5SASAMANAGEMENTAPPROACHTOSOLVEPROBLEMSINTHEWORKPLACESANDPROCESS
4、ESOFORGANISATIONSINTRODUCTIONTHE5SCONCEPT5SHASITSORIGINSINAJAPANESEACRONYMFORSEIRIORGANISATION,SEITONNEATNESS,SEISOCLEANING,SEIKETSUSTANDARDISATIONANDSHITSUKEDISCIPLINE,APHILOSOPHYTHATISEMBEDDEDINJAPANESEEVERYDAYLIFELITERATURESUGGESTSTHATSINCETHESECONDWORLDWAR,TWOMAJORFRAMEWORKSFORUNDERSTANDINGANDAP
5、PLYING5STOBUSINESSENVIRONMENTSHAVEARISEN,ONEPROPOSEDBYOSADA,THEOTHERBYHIRANOTHISPAPERINVESTIGATESANDCLARIFIESTHEWAYSINWHICH5SHASBEENUNDERSTOODANDIMPLEMENTEDBYJAPANESEANDWESTERNBUSINESSESANOUTCOMEOFTHISUNDERTAKINGHASBEENTOADDRESSCURRENTDEFICIENCIESINTHELITERATURECONCERNINGTHEAPPLICABILITYOF5SWHENTRAN
6、SFERREDFROMONECOUNTRYTOANOTHERTHISRESEARCHALSOHIGHLIGHTSTHEDISTINCTIONBETWEEN5SASAPHILOSOPHYORWAYAND5SASATECHNIQUEORTOOLBYCOMPARINGTHEMAJORFRAMEWORKSPROVIDEDBYOSADAANDHIRANOAQUANTITATIVECONTENTANALYSISAPPROACHISUSEDTOCOMPAREANDCONTRASTTHEUSEOF5STHROUGH38MEASUREDCOMPONENTSFROMTHEWORLDWIDEWEBWEBPAGESO
7、FORGANISATIONSINJAPAN,THEUKANDTHEUSSIXDEPENDENTVARIABLESARESTUDIEDTHROUGHTHELENSOFCOUNTRYOFORIGINASINDEPENDENTVARIABLEKEYWORDSORCOMPONENTSEXTRACTEDFROMORGANISATIONALWEBPAGESAREALLOCATEDTOEACHOFTHEDEPENDENTVARIABLESEACHCOUNTRYISCONSIDEREDINTERMSOFTHEWAYINWHICHITUSES5S,THATISASABUSINESSSTRATEGYTOGUIDE
8、ORGANISATIONALPROCESSESORASATOOLTOACHIEVESPECIFIC,LIMITEDOUTCOMESORIGINSOFTHE5SCONCEPTEACHOFTHETERMSCOMPRISING5SISWIDELYUNDERSTOODINJAPANASAMETHODOFIMPROVINGLIFESTYLEINJAPAN,THEPRACTICEOF5SISRECOGNISEDASAGROUPOFORGANISATIONALANDCLEANINGACTIVITIESTHATSHAPEBASICMORALITYANDETHICSINTHEWORKPLACE,ATSCHOOL
9、,ANDINTHEHOMETHEPHILOSOPHICALCONCEPTOF5SHASBEENEMBEDDEDINJAPANESESOCIETYTHROUGHTHEPRINCIPLESOFSHINTOISM,BUDDHISMANDCONFUCIANISMFORSEVERALHUNDREDYEARSJAPANHASTRADITIONALLYEMPHASISEDCOOPERATION,ADVOCATINGTHEVALUESOFTRUST,SELFRESTRAINT,HARMONYANDORGANISATIONALLOYALTYSHINTOISM,BUDDHISMANDCONFUCIANISMHAV
10、EALLCONTRIBUTEDTOTHEFORMATIONOFTHESEVALUESINJAPANSHINTOISMEMPHASISESTHEIMPORTANCEOFCLEANLINESSOFMINDUSINGOTHERPEOPLEFORONESSELFINTERESTISCONSIDEREDUNCLEANCONFUCIANISM,WITHITSEMPHASISONORDERLINESS,WASINITIALLYINTRODUCEDFROMCHINAANDTHENREDEVELOPEDINJAPANORDERLINESSISBASEDONTHEJAPANESEUNDERSTANDINGOFCO
11、NFUCIANISMWITHAPARTICULARFOCUSONCOMMUNITYVALUESBOTHBUDDHISMANDCONFUCIANISMSHARESPIRITUALIDEALSOFTENDERIVINGSPIRITUALFORTITUDEFROMSELFDISCIPLINETHESECOMBINEDIDEALSOFSHINTOISM,BUDDHISMANDCONFUCIANISMAREOFTENDENOTEDBYDOTHEWAYPHILOSOPHYORMETHODOLOGY,SUCHASBUSHIDOTHEWAYOFTHESAMURAI,SHINTOTHEWAYOFTHEGODSS
12、HINTOISM,BUTSUDOTHEWAYOFTHEBUDDHABUDDHISM,ANDOTHERMARTIALARTS,INCLUDINGKENDO,ANDKARATEDO,WHICHAREINTENDEDTOTRAINTHEBODYANDMINDTHROUGHDISCIPLINEFORTHEJAPANESE,5SISAHOLISTICAPPLICATIONUSEDTORAISEMORALANDETHICALSTANDARDS,ANDISGROUNDEDINTHEPHILOSOPHICALASSUMPTIONSOFSHINTOISM,BUDDHISMANDCONFUCIANISMTHE5S
13、ISSTRONGLYASSOCIATEDWITHTHECONSTITUTIONOFJAPANESECULTUREANDSOCIETYTHEUSEOF5SASASTRATEGYFORACHIEVINGBUSINESSEXCELLENCEHASBEENEVIDENTINJAPANSINCETHESECONDWORLDWARINITIALLY,VARIOUSPLANTMAINTENANCECONCEPTSPREVENTIVE,PERIODIC,PREDICTIVEANDCORRECTIVEMAINTENANCEWEREIMPORTEDTOJAPANFROMTHEUSTHECONCEPTOFQUALI
14、TYWASALSOINTRODUCEDFROMTHEUSTOJAPANBYDEMING,ANDJURAN,FROMTHELATE1940STOTHEEARLY1950SANINNOVATIVEAPPROACHTOTOTALPRODUCTIVEMAINTENANCETPMWASDEVELOPEDINJAPANDURINGTHISPERIODAND5SWASACTIVELYUTILISEDASAPLATFORMFORTPMIMPLEMENTATIONLATER,5SWASINTEGRATEDWITHKAIZENCONTINUOUSIMPROVEMENTPHILOSOPHYTHENIMPLEMENT
15、EDATTOYOTAMOTORCORPORATIONASPARTOFTHEIRPRODUCTIONSYSTEM,NAMELYTOYOTAPRODUCTIONSYSTEMTPSTHE5SHASALSOBEENWIDELYUSEDINTQMSYSTEMSWHEREITHASBEENREFERREDTOASPARTOFASERIESOFQUALITYINITIATIVES,AGOODHOUSEKEEPINGTOOL,ANEFFECTIVECLEANLINESSPROGRAMANDASYSTEMFORMAINTAININGAGOODWORKINGENVIRONMENTOSADASVIEWOF5SASA
16、PHILOSOPHYFORLIFEANDBUSINESSACCORDINGTOOSADA1989,5SISAFUNDAMENTALPARTOFJAPANESECULTUREANDSOCIETYFORBOTHINDIVIDUALSANDORGANISATIONS,5SENGAGESIMPROVEMENTACTIVITIESINANYENVIRONMENT,INCLUDINGHOMES,SCHOOLS,COMMUNITIESANDWORKPLACES,REGARDLESSOFSIZEORTYPETHEIMPLEMENTATIONOF5SCANUNCOVERHIDDENPROBLEMSTHATMAY
17、OTHERWISEREMAINUNNOTICEDTHEBENEFITSOFIMPLEMENTING5SARESUMMARISEDASFOLLOWSCLEANLINESSTOMAXIMISEEFFECTIVENESS,CONTRIBUTETOAHEALTHIERLIFEANDREDUCECRIMEDUETOENHANCEDTRANSPARENCYORDERLINESSTOMAXIMISEEFFICIENCYANDEFFECTIVENESS,REDUCEPEOPLESWORKLOAD,REDUCEHUMANERRORSDUETOSIMPLIFYINGPROCESSESANDDISCIPLINETO
18、INCREASETHELEVELOFMORALITYANDETHICSANDTOINCREASEMINIMUMSTANDARDSTHROUGHTRAININGANDEDUCATIONINTHEWORKPLACE,5SISUSEDTOORGANISETHEWORKPLACE,TOKEEPITNEAT,TOCLEAN,TOMAINTAINSTANDARDISEDCONDITIONS,ANDTOMAINTAINTHEDISCIPLINETHATISNEEDEDTODOAGOODJOBTHEPRACTICEOF5SINCREASESTRANSPARENCYINANORGANISATIONENSURIN
19、GAGOODFIRSTIMPRESSIONOFTHEWORKPLACEBYVISITORS,PARTICULARLYPOTENTIALNEWCUSTOMERSTHESUCCESSFULIMPLEMENTATIONOF5SINCREASESNOTONLYEFFICIENCY,SUCHASINPRODUCTIVITYANDTHELEVELOFQUALITYPERCOST,BUTALSOORGANISATIONALEFFECTIVENESSTHROUGHTHESYNERGETICORCOOPERATIVEEFFECT,WHICHISOFTENUTILISEDINTEAMSPORTSTHISMEANS
20、THATTHECONTRIBUTIONOFINDIVIDUALTALENTANDEFFORTBYEACHTEAMMEMBEROFTENEXCEEDSTHEPERFORMANCELEVELOFANYSINGLESTANDOUTPLAYERTHE5SPROGRAMALWAYSEMPHASISESTOTALPARTICIPATION,SINCETHESYNERGETICEFFECTCREATESSTRONGWORKPLACECOMMITMENTFORORGANISATIONALIMPROVEMENTCLEANLINESSTOMAXIMISEEFFECTIVENESS,CONTRIBUTETOAHEA
21、LTHIERLIFEANDREDUCECRIMEDUETOENHANCEDTRANSPARENCYORDERLINESSTOMAXIMISEEFFICIENCYANDEFFECTIVENESS,REDUCEPEOPLESANDINSUMMARY,5SISCONCEPTUALISEDANDIMPLEMENTEDINJAPANESEBUSINESSESASAMEANSOFACHIEVINGBUSINESSEXCELLENCEINLINKING5SWITHTHEWORKPLACE,OSADAPROVIDESTHEFOLLOWINGDEFINITIONSANDDESCRIPTIONSFOREACHOF
22、THEACTIVITIESTHEORDEROFTHEACTIVITIESISNOTIMPORTANTBUTTHEYAREALLARELINKEDANDIMPLEMENTEDCONCURRENTLYANDCYCLICALLYTHEFIRSTS,REPRESENTSORGANISATION,WHICHMEANSTOPUTTHINGSINORDERTOORGANISETHEMINACCORDANCEWITHSPECIFICRULESORPRINCIPLESOSADA,1991,P25THISBEGINSWITHDISTINGUISHINGBETWEENTHENECESSARYANDTHEUNNECE
23、SSARYINORDERTOCREATEASYSTEMTHATWORKSEFFECTIVELYTHESECONDS,MEANSNEATNESS,ANDAIMSTOHAVETHINGSINTHERIGHTPLACEORRIGHTLAYOUTSOTHATPEOPLECANOBTAINORUSEWHATEVERTHEYNEEDQUICKLYTODOTHIS,ONEMUSTPRIORITISETHENECESSITYANDIMPORTANCEOFGOODS/EQUIPMENTTOMAXIMISEEASEOFLOCATIONFUNCTIONALLAYOUTISALSOIMPORTANTNOTONLYTO
24、MAXIMISEEFFICIENCYBUTALSOTOIMPROVEQUALITYTHEKEYQUESTIONSWHO,WHAT,WHY,WHERE,WHENANDHOWSHOULDBEASKEDOFONESELFINRESPECTOFEACHITEMFINALLY,THEFIFTHS,SHITSUKE,MEANSTRAININGORDISCIPLINETHISISCRITICALTOUNDERSTANDINGANDIMPLEMENTING5SPREESTABLISHEDBEHAVIOURALPATTERNSEVOLVENATURALLYASARESULTOFBEINGGUIDEDBYAPHI
25、LOSOPHY,RATHERTHANJUSTBEINGDICTATEDBYUPPERMANAGEMENTTHISREQUIRESPROACTIVECHANGESINPEOPLESBEHAVIOURALPATTERNSATALLLEVELSWITHINANORGANIZATIONTOACHIEVEGOALSEFCIENTLYANDEFFECTIVELYALSO,THISCONCEPTISFUNDAMENTALTOJAPANESETHINKINGOFDOINGTHERIGHTTHINGSINEVERYDAYLIFEINTHERIGHTWAYHIRANODEVELOPEDANALTERNATIVEV
26、ERSIONOF5SDURINGTHESAMEPERIODASOSADA,BUTWITHAMOREPRACTICALFOCUSHIRANOEXPLAINSTHESIGNICANCEOF5SASATOOLFORCORPORATESURVIVALTHATENABLESJUSTINTIMEJITPRODUCTION,RATHERTHANAWAYOFGUIDINGACTIONTHETHIRDS,SEISO,MEANSCLEANING,WHICHEMPHASISESSELFINSPECTION,CLEANLINESSANDCREATINGAFAULTLESSWORKPLACEINSPECTIONHERE
27、HASPARTICULARRELEVANCETOMACHINESINAFACTORYWHENDEALINGWITHMACHINESINCORPORATINGHIGHTECHNOLOGY,MERELYAPPEARINGTOBECLEANISNOTENOUGHTHEREMIGHTBEAPARTICLEOFDUSTTHATISIMPOSSIBLETOREMOVEBYSWEEPINGONLYACTIVESELFINSPECTIONOFMACHINESBYOPERATORS,ANDEMBEDDINGQUALITYINTOEACHWORKPROCESS,INCREASESWORKLIFEANDPERFOR
28、MANCE,HENCEAVOIDINGFATALBREAKDOWNORDOWNTIMEINOPERATIONSTHEFOURTHS,SEIKETSU,MEANSSTANDARDISATION,WHICHISATTHELEASTCONTINUOUSLYMAINTAININGTHELEVELOFTHEFIRSTTHREESSSEIRI,SEITONANDSEISOITEMPHASISESBOTHPERSONALCLEANLINESSANDTHECLEANLINESSOFTHEENVIRONMENTHERE,INNOVATIONANDVISUALMANAGEMENTMAKINGTHINGSCLEAR
29、LYVISIBLEUSINGCOLOURS,TAGS,LOGOSORSYMBOLSIMPROVESTHEEFFECTIVENESSOFKAIZENINTERPRETEDBYOSADAASMAKINGTHINGSBETTERFOREVERYONEHIRANOPLACEDEMPHASISSPECICALLYONTHERSTTWOCOMPONENTSOF5S,SEIRIORGANISATIONANDSEITONORDERLINESSUSINGHISINTERPRETATIONSEIRIISSORTINGOUTNEEDEDITEMSFROMUNNEEDEDONESANDDISPOSINGOFTHELA
30、TTER,WHILESEITONISPRIORITISINGNEEDEDITEMSTHEOTHERTHREECOMPONENTSOF5SAREEXPLAINEDINASIMILARWAYTOOSADAHIRANOSUGGESTSTHAT5SSHOULDBEPROMOTEDBYTOPMANAGEMENTUSINGTHEFOLLOWINGSTEPS1ESTABLISHANORGANISATIONTHATPROMOTES5STHISSHOULDBEDONEBYTOPMANAGEMENTANDBEOPERATEDCOMPANYWIDE2ESTABLISHA5SPROMOTIONPLANSCHEDULI
31、NGIMPLEMENTATIONACTIVITIES3CREATE5SCAMPAIGNMATERIALSTOPMANAGERSSHOULDPARTICIPATEATTHISSTAGE4INHOUSEEDUCATIONANSWERINGTHEQUESTIONOFWHATDOES5SMEANANDPROVIDINGTRAINING55SIMPLEMENTATIONUSINGVISUALMETHODS,SUCHASREDTAGGINGFORSEIRIORGANISATIONANDTHESIGNBOARDSTRATEGYFORSEITONORDERLINESS65SEVALUATIONANDFOLLO
32、WUPPERIODICEVALUATIONTOCHECK,MAINTAINANDIMPROVE5SCONDITIONSCOMPARISONOFTHEOSADAANDHIRANOFRAMEWORKSWHENCOMPARINGTHEAPPROACHESOFHIRANOANDOSADA,THEREISASIMILARITYINTERMSOFHOWTHECOMPONENTSOF5SRELATETOONEANOTHERSEIRIORGANISATIONRELATESTOSEITONORDERLINESSANDSEISOCLEANINGASSOCIATESWITHSEIKETSUCLEANLINESS/S
33、TANDARDISATIONALLFOURCOMPONENTSARESHAPEDBYSHITSUKETRAINING/DISCIPLINEHOWEVER,SEVERALIMPORTANTDISTINCTIONSBETWEENTHEMSHOULDALSOBENOTEDFIRST,HIRANOPLACESMOREEMPHASISONTHERSTTWOSSSEIRIORGANISATIONANDSEITONORDERLINESS,WHEREASOSADASTRESSESTHATSHITSUKETRAINING/DISCIPLINEISTHEMOSTCRUCIALSECONDLY,HIRANOARGU
34、ESTHENEEDFORAPRACTICALANDCOMPREHENSIVEMANUALTOPROVIDEKNOWHOWIN5SIMPLEMENTATIONTHEREFOREHISSERIESOFPUBLICATIONSINCLUDESTHEMANGAJAPANESECARTOON,APOCKETGUIDE,AUDIO/VISUALAIDSANDAMANUALFOROPERATORSHOWEVER,OSADACLAIMSTHATWHILESOMEEXAMPLESAREBENECIALTHEYSHOULDONLYBEREGARDEDASEXAMPLESFROMWHICHANORGANISATIO
35、NCANLEARNRATHERTHANAPHILOSOPHYOFLEARNINGTHIRDLY,HIRANOADOPTSATOPDOWNAPPROACHTOTHEIMPLEMENTATIONOF5S,WHEREASOSADASTRESSESABOTTOMUPAPPROACHFINALLY,OSADAACKNOWLEDGESTHAT5SISAPPLICABLEINANYENVIRONMENTASASTRATEGYTOIMPROVEOUTCOMESWHILEHIRANOLIMITSTHEUSEOF5STOEIGHTWAYS1ASAFOUNDATIONFORINTRODUCINGJUSTINTIME
36、JITPRODUCTION2FORTOTALPRODUCTIVEMAINTENANCETPM,WITHPARTICULAREMPHASISONCOMBININGCLEANINGACTIVITIESWITHMAINTENANCEACTIVITIES3TOREFRESHASTALETOTALQUALITYCONTROLTQCPROGRAM4ASARSTSTEPTOWARDTHEFUTUREIMPLEMENTATIONOFJITAND/ORTQC5BYEMPHASISINGTHEREDTAGGINGSTRATEGYASTHESOLUTIONTOANINVENTORYOOD6ASANEXPERIMEN
37、TOTHERTHANINMANUFACTURING7TOMAXIMISEEFCIENCYINSALESWAREHOUSINGANDOTHERSALESTASKS8TOAUDITTHECURRENTOPERATIONSANDBUILDASTRONGFOUNDATIONFORACOMPUTERBASEDSYSTEMTOTALQUALITYMANAGEMENTVOL19,NO3,MARCH2008,245262译文业务改进战略或有用的工具分析了5S概念在日本,英国和美国的应用本文研究探讨如何改善已在日本,英国和美国被应用到实现业务的日本生活理念,5S概念。这个深入研究的领域的探索性研究,利用了欧世达
38、和黑亚诺提供框架。使用217个企业网站的一种定量内容分析的方法。对万维网业务领域的清单内容进行词法分析有利于了解5S的在其中已通过和实施的方法。研究发现,日本强调5S作为一项经营战略,无论在工作或在家里都需要精益求精的参与。在英国和美国,5S只被看作是一种工作场所的系统或工具。研究发现,平衡的理解“5S作为一种理念或方式”和“5S作为一项技术或工具”可以定义为5S作为一个管理办法的最终目标是解决在工作场所和组织过程中的问题。引言5S的概念(5S)在日本的起源为SEIRI(组织),SEITON(整洁性),SEISO(清洗),SEIKETSU(标准化)和SHITSUKE(纪律)的首字母缩写,一个嵌
39、入日本日常生活的理念。文献表明,自第二次大战后,两个5S的理解和运用到商业环境的主要框架已经出现,一个由OSADA提出,另一个由HIRANO提出。本文研究并阐明了5S在日本和西方企业的理解和实施的方式。这项事业的成果是,当前的报告解决了5S从一个国家转移到另一个国家的适用性的缺陷。这项研究还通过比较以OSADA和HIRANO所提供的主要框架,突出了“5S作为一种理念或方式”和”5S作为一项技术或工具”之间的区别。通过万维网(网络)在日本,英国和美国组织的网页上38个测量元件的一个定量内容分析的方法来比较和对照5S的用处。通过把镜头原产国作为独立的变量来研究六因变量。从组织网页提取的关键词或组件
40、被分配到每一个因变量。每个国家则考虑采用5S的方式,是作为一个经营策略以指导组织流程,还是作为一种工具来实现特定的,有限的成果。5S概念的起源包括5S的其中每一个期限在日本广泛被了解作为改进人生的样式方法。在日本,5S实践被认可作为在工作场所塑造基本的道德和概念,在学校和在家的一个小组组织和清洁活动对5S的哲学观念已嵌入通过首席的神道,佛教和儒教盛行数百年的日本社会。日本历来重视合作,崇尚信任,自我约束,和谐和组织忠诚度的价值。道教,佛教和儒教都有助于在日本这些时期形成的。神道强调了使心灵清洁的重要性,利用自己的私利其他人被认为是不干净。儒学,凭借其订单强调,最初引进中国,然后在日本重建。有序
41、是基于对儒家思想对社会的价值取向与特别关注日本的理解。佛教和儒教都分享精神理想往往产生从神道,佛教和儒教的自我纪律这种刚毅精神相结合的理想往往是由做记(顺便说一句理念或方法),如武士道,神道,佛教,和其他武术,包括剑道,空手道,这是为了训练通过纪律的身体和心灵。对于日本,5S是一个整体的应用程序,用于提高道德和伦理标准,并在神道教,佛教和儒家的哲学假设为基础。5S的是紧密联系在一起的日本文化和社会的宪法。在五常作为实现业务的卓越策略已经明显自第二次世界大战使用在日本。起初,各种植物保养概念(预防,周期,预测和矫正维修)是从日本进口到美国。质量概念还介绍了从20世纪40年代后期到50年代初从美国
42、到日本。戴明,朱兰的理论。一种创新的方法,全员生产维护(TPM)是在日本开发的在此期间,并积极在利用作为实现平台的TPM5S的。后来,五常法是结合持续改善(持续改善)哲学然后在丰田汽车公司执行,并作为他们的生产体系,即丰田生产方式(TPS)的一部分。5S的也被广泛使用在它被称为一个质量倡议,有良好的内务管理工具系列的一部分,全面质量管理系统,一个有效的清洁程序和保持一个良好的工作环境系统。OSADA的观点5S是作为生活和事务的哲学。OSADA对于5S分析是日本文化和社会的一个基本部分,它分为两个体和组织。5S参与改善所有环境,包括家庭、学校、社区和工作场所,不管大小或类型。5S的实施也许可能揭
43、露被故意的暗藏的问题。分析总结5S的好处如下洁净最大化效率,造成更加健康的生活并且减少模糊由于透明度的改进整洁最大化效率,减少人的工作量,减少人的错误由于简化过程并且通过训练和教育增加职业道德和概念的水平和增加最低的标准。在工作场所,5S被用于组织工作场所,保持它整洁,清洗,维护规范化的情况和坚持做好工作的学术。5S实践由组织保证第一次来工作场所的访客,特殊潜在的新的顾客增加透明度的印象。5S的成功的实施通过合作不仅增加效率,而且协会效率或合作社作用。例如在生产力和质量标准,在团体性运动经常被运用。这意味着由每名队员贡献单独天分和努力的的经常预计的性能水平。5S组织总是强调共同参与,从那以后为
44、组织改善合作作用创造强工作场所承诺。在连接5S与工作场所,OSADA提供以下定义和对其中每一种S的描述。活动的命令不是重要的,而是全都连接他们并且同时循环的被实施。第一S,代表组织,意味按顺序投入事组织他们具体规则或原则相符合。开始区别必要和多余为了创建系统之间的有效工作,。第二S意味整洁,并且打算在正确的地方实施计划,以便人们迅速获得所需要的物品或要使用的物品。要做到强调必须物品和设备的必要性和重要性。功能布局也是重要的,不仅要做到最大化效率,而且要改进产品质量。提出问题,何时,什么,为什么,其中并且应该问自己怎样尊重每个项目。第三S,意味清洁,强调自检、洁净和创造一个无瑕的工作场所。这里在
45、工厂检查与机器的特殊相关性。当处理结合高科技的机器时,只是看似干净是不够的,可能有不可能彻底消除的尘埃粒子。运营商家积极的自我检查,并嵌入到每一个工作过程的质量中去,提高了工作寿命和性能,从而避免了致命的故障或作业所造成的停机时间。第四S,意思是标准化,在保持前三S的分布是整理、整洁和清扫。这既强调个人清洁和环境清洁。并且在这里,创新的视觉目视(让事情清晰可见使用颜色,标签,标识或符号)提高了持续改进的有效性。最后,第五S,素养。这一点至关重要,5S的理解和执行。预先制定的行为模式自然演变为一个被遵循的一个理念,而不是仅仅由高层管理人员所决定的结果。这就要求各级组织内积极变化,改变人们的行为模
46、式,以有效地实现目标。此外,这一概念是以正确的方式做在日常生活中正确的事为根本的。HIRANO组建研制出一种替代同样时期的OSADA5S的版本,确定更实际的焦点是组建具有解释意义的5S作为工具的关键,组织的公司的生存JIT生产,而不是一种指导作用。HIRANO重点放在的前两个5S组成部分组织SEIRI、整齐SEITON。SEIR是拣选出不需要的项目和而SEITON处理的是优先需要的物品,其他三个组成部分的5S解释方式类于OSADA理论。HIRANO建议应该由最高管理层促进5S。1建立促进5S的一个组织应该由最高管理层完成管理全公司。2建立5S的推广计划执行调度活动。3建立5S的宣传材料高层管理
47、人员应该参加这个阶段。4内部教育回答5S的意思是什么并提供培训。55S实施使用视觉方法,例如用红色标记SEIRI组织和SEITON整齐的战略65S的评价和后续行动定期评估,检查,维护和改善实施5S的环境条件。比较OSADA和HIRANO的框架根据5S的组合和互相关连比较,得到有一定得相似性。SEIRI组织、SEITON整洁和SEISO清洁关连联合起来是SEIKETSU洁净或标准化。全部四个组分别由SHITSUKE塑造。然而,应该注意也他们之间的几项重要分别首先,HIRANO比较重视前两个SSEIRI组织和SEITON整洁,而OSADA强调,SHITSUKE(培训/学科)是最重要的。其次,HIR
48、ANO认为有必要制定一本全面的在5S的实际执行情况下的决策手册。所以他的系列出版物包括漫画指南、音频或直观教具和操作员的指南。然而,OSADA声称,虽然有些例子是有益的,但他们应该只是作为例子,并不能作为实际的依照。第三,HIRANO对5S的实施采用了自上而下的办法,而OSADA强调的是一种自下而上的方法。最后,OSADA承认,5S是在任何一项战略,都可以使用,而HIRANO限制了5S八个方面的适用环境。(1)作为基础,引入实时(JIT)生产技术。(2)全员生产维护(TPM),特别注重维护与活动相结合的清洁活动(3)刷新陈旧的全面质量管理(TQC)方案(4)第一步是面向未的执行实时或全面质量管理(5)强调作为一个红色标记清单解决的战略(6)作为在制造业中之外的一个实验(7)最大限度地提高销售仓储和其他任务的销售效率(8)审核目前的业务并建立一个基于计算机的系统的坚实基础。TOTALQUALITYMANAGEMENTVOL19,NO3,MARCH2008,245262