1、本科毕业论文（设计）外文翻译原文QUALITYINFORMATIONMANAGEMENTTHEWAYTOABETTERCOMPANYCULTUREJOHNMCGAVIGANANDCOLTDISAWELLESTABLISHEDMANUFACTURINGCOMPANYWHICHSTARTEDBUSINESSIN1860ANDINTHEPASTDECADEITHASQUICKLYBECOMEESTABLISHEDASAMANUFACTUREROFFACIASANDINDUSTRIALGRAPHICS,MEMBRANESWITCHESANDPANELSFORBACKLITINSTRUMENTATION
2、ITISNOWAMONGTHEWORLDLEADERSINTHESUPPLYOFPRINTEDPLASTICCOMPONENTSANDCOUNTFORD,GENERALMOTORS,NISSANANDRANKXEROXAMONGITSCUSTOMERSTHEAUTHORSWISHTOACKNOWLEDGETHESERCTEACHINGCOMPANYSCHEMEFORFUNDINGTHEWORKDESCRIBEDHERETHEYALSOWISHTOTHANKJOHNMCGAVIGANANDCOLTDWHICHHASNOTONLYFUNDEDTHEWORKBUTALLOWEDITTOBEREPOR
3、TEDJOHNMCGAVIGANISALEADERINQUALITYINITIATIVESINTHEUKANDITISTHERECIPIENTOFQUALITYAWARDSFROMALLITSMAJORCUSTOMERSTHESEINCLUDEGENERALMOTORSSPEARII,ISO9002EEC,EN290092FRENCHINTSTANDARD,MITELCERTIFIEDSUPPLIERSTATUS,FORDQ101QUALITYSYSTEMSTANDARDS,UNDERWRITERSLABORATORYOFNEWYORK,SMITHSINDUSTRIES,SONY,CANADI
4、ANSTANDARDSAUTHORITY,BS5750PARTII,ROLLSROYCEAPPROVEDSUPPLIER,BRITISHSTANDARDSINSTITUTION4781,FORDQLPREFERREDQUALITYAWARD,XEROXCERTIFIEDSUPPLIERSTATUS,BRITISHAEROSPACE,INTERNATIONALCOMPUTERSLTDMCGAVIGANS,BEINGINVOLVEDINSUCHHIGHLYCOMPETITIVEMARKETS,HASHADTOMEETTHESTRINGENTQUALITYCRITERIAOFITSHIGHPERFO
5、RMANCECUSTOMERSTHISHASBEENDONEBYEXTREMEEFFORTCOUPLEDWITHANEVERDEVELOPINGCOMPANYCULTUREGEAREDTOCONTINUOUSIMPROVEMENTANDTOTALQUALITYMANAGEMENTTHEMANUFACTURINGPROCESSATMCGAVIGANSATFIRSTSIGHTAPPEARSSIMPLESCREENPRINTINGONTOLARGEPLASTICSHEETS,APPLYINGAPROTECTIVEHARDCOAT,ADHESIVECOATINGANDTHENCUTTINGOUTIND
6、IVIDUALPARTSHOWEVER,PARTSAREUSEDINBACKLITSITUATIONS,EGCARINSTRUMENTPANELS,SOTHATTHEINKMUSTBEAPPLIEDSYSTEMATICALLYTOGIVEBALANCEDLIGHTDISTRIBUTIONFROMFIXEDPOSITIONLIGHTBULBSATYPICALCOMPONENTMIGHTHAVE13COLOURS,ONEHARDCOATANDONEADHESIVE,WHICHMEANSGOINGTHROUGHASCREENPRINTINGMACHINEANDTHESUBSEQUENTDRYINGP
7、ROCESS15TIMESTHEOPPORTUNITIESFORPRODUCINGPOORQUALITYAREIMMENSEANDQUALITYASSURANCEWILLALWAYSBEAPROBLEMADDTOTHISTHELARGEVARIETYOFPRODUCTSMANUFACTUREDTHECONTROLOFMANUFACTUREATMCGAVIGANSISNOEASYTASKFINALLY,THEQUALITYOFALLPARTSPRODUCED,ASINANYPRINTINGORCOLOURBASEDPROCESS,ISSUBJECTIVETOSOMEEXTENTMCGAVIGAN
8、SISCONCENTRATINGONTWOMAJORAREASWITHSCOPEFORIMPROVEMENTBETTERPRODUCTIONMANAGEMENTDECISIONMAKINGDOINGSTHINGSRIGHTANDBETTERPROCESSSELECTIONANDIMPROVEMENTDOINGTHERIGHTTHINGSINBOTHAREASTHENEEDFORBETTERINFORMATIONSYSTEMSTOSUPPORTTHEEXISTINGSTRONGTQMCOMPANYCULTUREISBECOMINGINCREASINGLYAPPARENTTHISARTICLEDE
9、SCRIBESTHEWORKONPRODUCTIONMANAGEMENTASPECTSASUBSEQUENTARTICLEWILLDESCRIBETHEINFORMATIONSYSTEMSBEINGDEVELOPEDTOSUPPORTTHEPROCESSIMPROVEMENTPROGRAMMEBACKGROUNDABOUTFOURYEARSAGOTHECOMPANYATTEMPTEDTOIMPLEMENTACOMPREHENSIVECOMPUTERIZEDPLANNINGANDCONTROLSYSTEMBEFORETHATEXISTINGMANUALSYSTEMSHADCOPEDADEQUAT
10、ELYWITHTHEPROBLEMSOFMANAGINGTHEMANUFACTURINGSYSTEMS,BUTABETTERAPPROACHWASNEEDEDFORFUTUREEXPANSIONOFTHEBUSINESSADECISIONWASTAKENTOREPLACETHEEXISTINGSYSTEMWITHTHENEWSYSTEMWHICHHADBEENTAILOREDTOTHECOMPANYSSPECIFICNEEDSBYOUTSIDECONSULTANTSTHEIMPLEMENTATIONWASNOTASUCCESS,ALTHOUGHTHEREASONSFORFAILUREAREST
11、ILLNOTCLEARTHESEMAYINCLUDETHECLASSICSHORTCOMINGSASSOCIATEDWITHTHEIMPLEMENTATIONOFANYNEWSYSTEMINADEQUATEPLANNING,PERSUASIONINADEQUATEACCOUNTTAKENOFOCCUPATIONALANDPOLITICALIMPACTSINADEQUATEACCOUNTTAKENOFOPPOSINGORAMENDINGRATIONALARGUMENTSINAPPROPRIATESTARTINGDATEORMETHODUSEDORTHESYSTEMITSELFMAYHAVESHO
12、RTCOMINGSTHISQUESTIONWASTHESUBJECTOFFRICTIONBETWEENTHECOMPANYANDITSCONSULTANTSTHEACCEPTANCEBYTHECOMPANYOFANYPROPOSALSTOIMPLEMENTINFORMATIONTECHNOLOGYINANYFORMHASBEENSEVERELYDAMAGEDITISAGAINSTTHISBACKGROUNDTHATJOHNMCGAVIGANENTEREDINTOATEACHINGCOMPANYSCHEMEWITHGLASGOWBUSINESSSCHOOLWITHPARTREMITTOANALY
13、SEANDIMPROVETHEMANUFACTURINGPRODUCTIONPLANNINGANDCONTROLSYSTEMSMANAGEMENTDECISIONSATTHESTARTOFTHETEACHINGCOMPANYSCHEMEMANYPROBLEMSHADTOBEADDRESSEDANDDECISIONSMADETHEBUZZWORDSWITHINTHECOMPANYJIT,TQM,CELLULARMANUFACTUREWERECOMMONINMOSTCOMPANIESATTHETIMEANDPROBABLYSTILLARE,ANDSINCETHEPUBLICATIONOFANEW“
14、POPULAR“BOOKONTHEWORLDAUTOMOTIVEINDUSTRY,THETERM“LEANMANUFACTURE“MUSTBEADDEDTHEMANUFACTURINGSYSTEMCOULDBEGENERALLYDESCRIBEDASAPROCESSBASEDLAYOUTPRODUCTIONPLANNINGWASCONTROLLEDBYAWALLCHARTBASEDONHISTORICALOUTPUTFIGURES,SITUATEDWITHINTHEPRODUCTIONCONTROLDEPARTMENTTHEREWASAFEELINGWITHINTHEMANAGEMENTOFT
15、HECOMPANYTHATBETTERRESULTSWOULDBEACHIEVEDBYMOVINGTOWARDSAJITPHILOSOPHYANDTHEBESTTACTICALAPPROACHWASTOIMPLEMENTCELLULARMANUFACTUREEVENATTHATTIMEPRODUCTIONWASPARTIALLYSEGREGATEDINTOMANUFACTURINGFACILITIESFORTHEAUTOMOBILEDIVISIONANDTHEINFORMATIONTECHNOLOGYDIVISIONAUTOMOBILEDIVISIONPRODUCTSINCLUDEPRINTE
16、DDIALSFORSPEEDOMETERS,TACHOMETERS,ANDAUTOMOTIVEFACIASINGENERALTHEYARESTILLMANUFACTUREDINLARGESIZEDBATCHESDUETOTHEHIGHVOLUMEREQUIREDBYCUSTOMERSAUTOMOTIVEPRODUCTSAREVERYSIMILARTOEACHOTHER,BUTEACHPRODUCTHASSOMETHINGUNIQUEABOUTITINFORMATIONTECHNOLOGYPRODUCTS,ASTHEYARETERMED,INCLUDECONTROLANDINFORMATIONP
17、ANELSFORSUCHENDPRODUCTSASMICROWAVECOOKERSANDPHOTOCOPIERS,ANDALSOINCLUDETHEMEMBRANESWITCHESWHICHAREOFTENFOUNDONSUCHPRODUCTSINFORMATIONTECHNOLOGYCUSTOMERSMANUFACTURETHEIRPRODUCTSINSMALLERQUANTITIESTHANAUTOMOTIVECUSTOMERS,ANDSOBATCHSIZESTENDTOBEMUCHSMALLERINBOTHDIVISIONS,ANDTHEYARENOWSEPARATECOMPANIES,
18、EACHPRODUCTHASAUNIQUEMANUFACTURINGROUTEONPROCESSMACHINERY,WHICHISINTERCHANGEABLEINMOSTINSTANCESTHECOMPANYHASHADTOINVESTHEAVILYINNEWTECHNOLOGYTOWINNEWANDMORECOMPLICATEDBUSINESS,BUTTHEBASICMANUFACTURINGSYSTEMSTILLCONSISTSOFFIVETRADITIONALPROCESSTYPESPRINTSCREENTYPEPRINTING,WHICHWILLCONSISTOFSEVERALCOL
19、OURSANDEVENMOREPASSESMANYPRODUCTSWILLBEPRINTEDONASINGLELARGESHEETHARDCOATTHEAPPLICATIONOFAHARDPLASTICCOATTOPROTECTTHEPRINTEDSURFACEADHESIVETHEAPPLICATIONOFALAYEROFADHESIVEFORSUBSEQUENTASSEMBLYINTOTHECUSTOMERSPRODUCTCUTTHEPUNCHINGOUTOFPARTSFROMTHELARGESHEETTOPROVIDESINGLEPRODUCTSINSPECTIONTHEINSPECTI
20、ONOFPARTSFORSUCHDEFECTSASPAINTINCLUSIONSANDBLEMISHESWHICHCANNOTBESEGREGATEDUNTILTHEITEMSARESEPARATEDFROMTHELARGESHEETTHEMAJORITYOFWORKSTILLPASSESTHROUGHTHEFIVEMAINPROCESSES,BUTTHEMACHINESEMPLOYEDHAVECERTAINCONSTRAINTSFORSOMEPRODUCTS,EGSIZEANDMATERIALWHENTHETEACHINGCOMPANYSCHEMEWASINITIATEDMACHINESWE
21、RENOTALLOCATEDTOSPECIFICPRODUCTSANDWORKWOULDBEUNDERTAKENONWHICHEVERMACHINEWASFREEIFTHEREWASNOPHYSICALCONSTRAINTADHOCDECISIONSMIGHTTHEREFORETIEUPFAIRLYFLEXIBLEMACHINERYONMANUFACTURINGPRODUCTSWHICHCOULDBEMADEINSEVERALDIFFERENTWAYS,ANDPOSSIBLYWITHBETTERCONFORMANCETOSPECIFIEDQUALITYANDMORECHEAPLYTHEREWA
22、STHEREFORESCOPEFORBETTERDECISIONMAKINGINTHEAREASOFSCHEDULINGANDMACHINELOADINGDECISIONMEETINGSDECISIONSHADTOBEMADEABOUTPLANTLAYOUT,PLANTSELECTION,MEDIUMANDSHORTTERMSCHEDULING,ANDLOADINGSYSTEMSPRIORTOTHETEACHINGCOMPANYSCHEME,MEDIUMTERMDECISIONSWERECONCERNEDWITHSTOCKLEVELSANDBATCHSIZESANDSHORTTERMWEEKL
23、YDECISIONSCOVEREDBATCHSCHEDULINGPROGRAMMESTHECOMPANYHELDWEEKLYSCHEDULEMEETINGSTOREVIEWPRODUCTIONSTATUSAGAINSTCUSTOMERREQUIREMENTS,ANDMONTHLYPLANNINGMEETINGSTODISCUSSLONGERTERMFACTORSTHESEPLANNINGMEETINGSTENDEDTOWARDSANOPENDISCUSSIONSTYLEHAVINGLITTLEQUANTITATIVEANALYSISOFANYIDEASWHICHWEREFORTHCOMINGT
24、HEINFORMATIONBASEFORTHESEMEETINGSWASNEVERVERYCLEAR,ANDVARIEDFROMFEELINGSTOLEGENDSFOREXAMPLE,THEINFORMATIONBASEFORTWOMANUFACTURINGMACHINESWASBUILTONTHEFEELINGFORFORWARDPLANNINGPURPOSESOUTPUTLEVELSOF900AND700IMPRESSIONSPERHOURWEREAGREEDFORTWOTYPESOFPRINTINGMACHINESUSEDACTUALOUTPUTSOFMACHINESWEREMONITO
25、REDONADAYTODAYBASISBUTNOTCOMPAREDTOTHEVALUESUSEDINPLANNINGTHELEGENDANINEDAYSTUDYOFTHETWOMACHINESWITHANEXPERIENCEDOPERATORWASUNDERTAKENBYTHEWORKSTUDYENGINEERTODEMONSTRATETHATOUTPUTFIGURESCLAIMEDBYOPERATORSWEREACHIEVABLETHECOMPANYHADABONUSSYSTEMWHICHINCLUDEDAMACHINEBREAKDOWNCOMPENSATION,ANDWHICHCOULDB
26、EMANIPULATEDTOPAYAHIGHERBONUSTHANTHEMACHINECOULDACTUALLYRUNATTHERESULTSOFTHISSTUDYWERETHENUSEDTOASSESSTHECAPACITYSITUATIONINTHEFACTORYFORFUTUREDEMANDSMACHINERATESWERECHANGEDTOELIMINATEPROBLEMSTHATOCCURREDEGDOWNTIME,ANDOUTPUTRATESOF1,066AND670RESULTEDTHESEAREVERYOPTIMISTICBUTWEREUSEDFORCAPACITYPLANNI
27、NGTHETRUTHTHEACTUALOUTPUTOFTHETWOMACHINESWASMONITOREDFROM26MARCH1990TO1JUNE1990ITWASFOUNDTHATTHEAVERAGEOUTPUTSPERHOURWERE500AND300,RESPECTIVELYTHEMONITORINGEXERCISESHOWEDHOWOPTIMISTICANDINCORRECTTHEVALUESUSEDINPLANNINGWEREATTHETIMETHEDATAPRESENTEDHEREDIDNOTSEEMIMPORTANTASTHERESEEMEDTOBEMOREPRESSINGP
28、ROBLEMSANDBOTTLENECKSINLATERSTAGESOFPRODUCTIONTHEPRINTPROCESSITSELFWASNOTSEENASACONSTRAINTATTHATTIMEITISINTERESTINGTOREFLECTNOWONTHESTYLEANDATMOSPHEREOFMEETINGSINTHECOMPANYATTHATTIMEFOREXAMPLE,AUTOMOTIVEPLANNINGMEETINGSONTHEPRODUCTIONSTATUSOFSPECIFICJOBSBECAMEVERYHEATEDDUETOTHEDISCREPANCIESINPLANNIN
29、GFIGURESANDACTUALOUTPUTFIGURESTHEMEETINGSCOULDLASTFORBETWEEN30MINUTESANDTWOHOURSANDUSUALLYENDEDINDISAGREEMENTDISCUSSIONWASBASEDONUNQUALIFIEDDATA,GUESSESANDGUTFEELINGTHEMEETINGSCAUSEDFRICTIONBETWEENPRODUCTIONCONTROLANDLINEMANAGEMENTASPLANNEDOUTPUTWASALMOSTDOUBLETHEACTUALOUTPUTFIGURETHEFOCUSOFTHEMEETI
30、NGWASMISPLACEDLINEMANAGEMENTWOULDBLAMEPRODUCTIONCONTROLFORNOTGIVINGENOUGHVISIBILITYONDELIVERYDATESBUTWOULDIGNOREHOWFARBEHINDPLANTHEYWERETHEWORKONMONITORINGOUTPUTCONTINUEDANDWASEXPANDEDTOLOOKATALLPRODUCTIONPROCESSESTOALLOWCAPACITYPLANNINGTOBEMOREACCURATESIXMONTHSLATERTHEOUTPUTFIGURESWHICHWEREFORTHCOM
31、INGWERETAKENMORESERIOUSLYANDFORMALREPORTSWEREISSUEDTODEMONSTRATETHEMAJORDIFFERENCESBETWEENACTUALANDPLANNEDOUTPUTPRODUCTIONCONTROLNOWSTARTEDTOUSEREALISTICOUTPUTEXPECTATIONSTOLOADPROCESSESTHISRESULTEDINTHECALCULATIONOFDELIVERYDATESFORPUBLICATIONTOTHECUSTOMERWHICH,ALTHOUGHFARFROMPERFECT,WERENOWMOREREAL
32、ISTICATMEETINGSHELDTODISCUSSOUTPUTANDFUTURECAPACITYTHEREWASNOWMOREFOCUS,ANDDISCUSSIONCENTREDAROUNDTHEREALPROBLEMSOFCAPACITYSHORTFALLANDNOTPERCEIVED“PLANNINGERRORS“THECOMPANYNOWHADSOMEACCURATEEXPECTATIONTOCOMPAREOUTPUTAGAINSTDEVELOPINGANINFORMATIONETHOSASTHEDATAWEREBEINGCOLLECTEDTHECOMPANYWASMAKINGFU
33、RTHERDRAMATICINTERNALCHANGESTOGIVEEVENMOREFOCUSTOITSACTIVITIESTHEFIRSTMAJORCHANGEWASTHEFORMALLAUNCHOFTHREEAUTONOMOUSCOMPANIESUNDERAHOLDINGCOMPANYTOFOCUSONINFORMATIONTECHNOLOGYPRODUCTS,AUTOMOTIVEPRODUCTS,ANDTECHNOLOGYANDRESEARCH,RESPECTIVELYINADDITIONTHEAUTOMOTIVECOMPANYREFOCUSEDTHEPRODUCTIONANDALLOT
34、HERRELATEDFUNCTIONSINTOBUSINESSUNITSTOSERVEITSKEYCUSTOMERSTHEENDRESULTISFIVEAUTOMOTIVEBUSINESSUNITSEACHWITHDEDICATEDMACHINERY,WHEREPRACTICAL,ANDWITHDEDICATEDPERSONNELWITHINTHEAUTOMOTIVECOMPANYTHESECHANGESRESULTEDINANINTENSIFICATIONOFFOCUSONTHESEFIVEKEYAREAS,EVENIFAGREATDEALWASSTILLDONEBY“GUTFEELING“
35、HOWEVER,THECULTUREINTHECOMPANYWASSTARTINGTOBEMORESCIENTIFICALLYBASED,ANDATTITUDESWEREMOREPOSITIVEDUETOACLEARERSPECIFICATIONANDUNDERSTANDINGOFINDIVIDUALRESPONSIBILITIESDECISIONMEETINGSAFTERTHETEACHINGCOMPANYSCHEMEAFTERTENMONTHS,MCGAVIGANSBEGANTOSEETHEBENEFITOFINFORMATIONFORMEASURINGPRODUCTIONAMONTHLY
36、MEETINGWASINITIATEDTOLOOKINDETAILATTHEMACHINEOUTPUTOFALLPROCESSESINANATURALPROGRESSIONTHEAGENDAOFTHISMEETINGHASBEENEXPANDEDTOLOOKATTHEQUALITYOFTHEOUTPUTAPROBLEMHEREISTHEPOORTIMELINESSOFTHEINFORMATIONDUETOTHETIMELAGBETWEENWHENABATCHISMADEANDWHENITISFINALLYINSPECTEDAND“CLOSEDOFF“PRINTINGBATCHSIZESAREM
37、ADELARGERTHANTHECUSTOMERCALLOFFREQUIREMENTDUETOTHECONSTRAINTSOFSETUPSWHICHLEADTOTHEUSEOFECONOMICBATCHQUANTITIESHOWEVER,PARTSAREONLYTHENINSPECTED,ANDSOMETIMESEVENCUT,WHENTHECUSTOMERMAKESACALLOFFALTHOUGHTHISISINLINEWITHTHECONCEPTOFADDINGVALUEONLYWHENNECESSARY,ITOBVIOUSLYMEANSTHATORDERSARENOTCLOSEDASQU
38、ICKLYASTHEYCOULDBEANONGOINGTASKINMCGAVIGANSWHICHINVOLVESTEACHINGCOMPANYASSOCIATESISDEALINGWITHTHEPROBLEMOFSETUPTIMESHOWEVER,EVENWITHTHISSLIGHTPROBLEM,THEIMPROVEMENTSINPRODUCTIONSTATISTICSANDINTHETONEANDVALUEOFPRODUCTIONMEETINGSAREEVIDENTANAUTOMOTIVEMEETINGNOWTAKESPLACEONCEAMONTHTOREVIEWOUTPUTBYMACHI
39、NETHEMEETINGLASTSBETWEENTENAND20MINUTESDISCUSSIONISBASEDONQUANTIFIEDDATA,ACTUALTHROUGHPUTANDQUALITYSTATISTICSTHETONEOFTHEMEETINGHASNOWMOVEDAWAYFROMHEATEDDEBATEONVAGUEAREASTOMOREREASONEDDISCUSSIONSOFMUTUALLYACCEPTEDPROBLEMSTHEMEETINGFOCUSESONASINGLEDOCUMENTACAPACITYMODELHASNOWBEENDEVELOPEDWHICHISBASE
40、DONREASONABLEEXPECTATIONSOFOUTPUT,ANDWHICHCANPREDICTPOTENTIALBOTTLENECKSWHICHWILLRESULTFROMSCHEDULESTOMEETATHREEMONTHFORWARDORDERBOOKINGENERALMEETINGS,ALTHOUGHSTILLATTIMESHEATED,NOWHAVEFOCUSANDATTEMPTTOSOLVEFUTUREPROBLEMSINSTEADOFEXPLAININGPASTONESTHECOMPANYNOWHASSOMEMUTUALLYACCEPTABLEMEASURESWHICHC
41、ANBEUSEDTOAUDITMANUFACTURINGOUTPUTANDTHERESULTINGIMPROVEMENTSHAVEBEENWORTHWHILEHOWEVER,THISISNOTTHEENDOFTHEEXERCISETHECOMPANYISNOWEMBARKINGONAPROJECTTOBECOMEATRUE“LEANMANUFACTURER“ANDQUALITYINFORMATIONWILLBENEEDEDMOREQUICKLYANDINMOREDETAILTOALLOWTHATTRANSITIONTOBEMADECONCLUSIONSTHEMORALOFTHEMCGAVIGA
42、NSTORYISSIMPLEBUTSTRONGCULTURALCOMPANYINVOLVEMENTINDECISIONMAKINGMUSTBESUPPORTEDBYGOODDATASYSTEMSANDGOODINFORMATIONPRESENTATIONSINCEREALISTICINFORMATIONHASBEENUSEDFORDISCUSSION,DECISIONMAKINGMEETINGSHAVEBEENLESSHEATEDANDMORECONSTRUCTIVETHEEMPHASISHASMOVEDFROMDISCUSSINGPROBLEMSTOSOLVINGPROBLEMS,FROMA
43、CONTENTIOUSAPPROACHTOACONSENSUSAPPROACH,ANDFROMLOOKINGBACKTOFORWARDVISIONTHEBENEFITSOFTHENEW“INFORMATIONBASED“CULTUREAREONLYJUSTBEGINNINGTOACCRUEPROBLEMAREAS,NOWKNOWNASAREASFORPOTENTIALIMPROVEMENT,AREBECOMINGEVIDENTANDAREBEINGATTACKEDTHECONTINUOUSIMPROVEMENTETHIC,WHICHWASALREADYINPLACEINTHECOMPANY,N
44、OWHASABETTERBASISFORBETTERIMPLEMENTATION,ANDTHATBASISISGOODQUANTITATIVEINFORMATIONASTOMPETERSSTATED“MOSTQUALITYPROGRAMMESFAILFORONEORTWOOUTOFTWOREASONSTHEYHAVEASYSTEMWITHOUTPASSIONORAPASSIONWITHOUTASYSTEMYOUMUSTHAVEBOTH“SOURCEGSOUTHERNANDALLISTAIRUMURRAY“QUALITYINFORMATIONMANAGEMENTTHEWAYTOABETTERCO
45、MPANYCULTURE”MCBUNIVERSITYPRESSLIMITEDPUBLISHED1994,STARTPAGEP4PP3235译文质量管理达到更好的企业文化的方式JOHNMCGAVIGAN有限公司是一家在1860年正式营业，并且在过去的十年里迅速成为建立外部生产和工业图形学中，为打膜开关、面板仪表的很好的制造公司。众所周知处在世界领导者位置的数福特，通用汽车，日产和等级施乐在打印塑料配件的供应方面也是它的客户。MCGAVIGANS卷入这种高度竞争性市场，不得不满足它的高要求的顾客严格的质量标准。它在极度努力的激励企业文化与持续改进的全面质量管理的结合。MCGAVIGANS把注意力集
46、中在两个需改进的主要领域更好地生产管理决策正确的做事和更好的制作过程的选用和改进做正确的事。这两个领域中更好的信息系统的需求去支持现有的强烈的TQM的企业文化是合宜的并且日益明显。本文叙述了生产管理方面的工作。背景大约在四年前，公司试图全面实施电脑化的计划和控制系统。在这之前存在的手工会计系统充分处理了制造系统的管理问题，但有更好的方法供未来扩展业务是必要的措施。一个取代现有系统的为公司的特殊要求的新系统的决定已被外界的专家决策了。虽然失败的原因仍然不清楚，但是这个实施没有成功。这些可能包括在推行新系统时碰到的传统的缺点不充分的计划，劝说；不适当的职业性记账和政治影响；不适当的账户或者修改合理
47、的参数；不适当的开始时间和适用方法。然而系统的本身也可能存在缺点。这个问题就是公司及其顾问之间的摩擦。公司对在任何形态建议实施信息技术的赞同有严重受损。正是在这种情况下，约翰MCGAVIGAN进入到和以分析和改进制造业的生产计划和控制系统的格拉斯哥商业学校方案教学的公司业务中。管理决策刚开始的时候，教学公司方案有很多问题需要处理并作出决定。公司内部的术语JIT，TQM，细胞制造在大多数公司恐怕还是很常见的，自从一个新的“流行”的书在世界自动工业出现，术语“精益生产”必须被添加。通常可以把制造系统描述为一个基于过程的布局。存在于生产控制部门的生产计划的编制被基于对历史的输出数据控制。有一种感觉，
48、在管理层的公司通过向JIT移动和最好的战术的方法取得更好的结果是实施细胞制造。即使一时生产中有一部分是区分为制造汽车设施分部以及信息技术部门。一般而言，汽车部门的产品包括表盘的印刷和汽车外部结构的制造。他们由于大量的要求而制造的大型批次深受消费者的好评。汽车产品相互之间非常相似，但是每一件产品也会有它独特的地方。信息技术产品，正如所称的，包括控制和信息面板，最终产品有微波炊具和复印机，并且也包括越来越多出现的膜开关等，信息技术客户比汽车的客户更少量的制造他们的产品，所以的批量往往是太多了。在这两种部门，现在他们各自的公司的每一件机械产品都有一个独特的生产工艺路线，在大多数情况下可以互换。公司大
49、力投资新技术领域以赢得新的和更复杂的业务，但基本的制造系统还是包括5个传统的过程类型印刷由很多的颜色和很多的传球屏幕式印刷印刷，许多产品将打印在单一大表。外壳应用硬塑料外套来保护印刷表面。胶粘剂为后续装配在客户产品上应用层胶。降息在冲部件的大单里提供单一产品。检验零件的包裹体、烤漆不能有瑕疵这样的缺陷，该等物品和大单需隔开。大多数的工作仍经过5个主要的工作流程，但一些产品的机器使用有一定的一些限制条件，例如大小和材料。当教学公司计划开始，没有分配给机器具体产品和工作，任何机器都是没有物理约束免费进行。做出的特殊决策可以用几个不同的方法使产品在相当灵活的设备上进行制造，并可能以更好的符合规定的质量、更低的成本。因此，在行程安排和机器运用方面有更好的决定。决定会议决定你要做出的关于了工厂布置、植物的选择、中等和短期的调度，并加载系统。在教学的公司计划，中期决策都关乎库存水平和尺寸及决策覆盖在短期内（每周）批量调度计划。公司举行了每周计划会议，审查生产现状，月度对客户需求规划会议，讨论长期因素。这些筹划会议倾向于一个公开讨论有小的定量分析风格的任何想法，对于即将到来的这些会议信息基础就不太清楚，感受不同的传说。例如，信息基础是建立在两种制造机器感觉对于正计划需要的产出水平，900个和700个在两种印刷机械使用上的每小时个数达成了一致。实际输出监测的机器，但在日常生活中与标准进行。传奇
