1、专题十六 推理判断Passage 5(2012高考大纲卷)Facial expressions carry meaning that is determined by situations and relationships.For example，in American culture (文化) the smile is in general an expression of pleasure.Yet it also has other uses.A womans smile at a police officer does not carry the same meaning as the
2、 smile she gives to a young child.A smile may show love or politeness.It can also hide true feelings.It often causes confusion (困惑) across cultures.For example，many people in Russia consider smiling at strangers in public to be unusual and even improper Yet many Americans smile freely at strangers i
3、n public places (although this is less common in big cities)Some Russians believe that Americans smile in the wrong places；some Americans believe that Russians dont smile enough.In Southeast Asian cultures，a smile is frequently used to cover painful feelings.Vietnamese people may tell a sad story bu
4、t end the story with a smile.Our faces show emotions (情感)，but we should not attempt to “read” people from another culture as we would“read”someone from our own culture.The fact that members of one culture do not express their emotions as openly as do members of another does not mean that they do not
5、 experience emotions.Rather，there are cultural differences in the amount of facial expressiveness permitted.For example，in public and in formal situations many Japanese do not show their emotions as freely as Americans do.When with friends，Japanese and Americans seem to show their emotions similarly
6、.It is difficult to generalize about Americans and facial expressiveness because of personal and cultural differences in the United States.People from certain cultural backgrounds in the United States seem to be more facially expressive than others.The key is to try not to judge people whose ways of
7、 showing emotion are different.If we judge according to our own cultural habits， we may make the mistake of “reading” the other person incorrectly.What does the smile usually mean in the US.?1.ALove. BPoliteness.CJoy. DThankfulness.The author mentions the smile of the Vietnamese to prove that a smil
8、e can _2.Ashow friendliness to strangersBbe used to hide true feelingsCbe used in the wrong placesDshow personal habitsWhat should we do before attempting to “read” people?3.ALearn about their relations with others.BUnderstand their cultural backgrounds.CFind out about their past experience.DFigure
9、out what they will do next.What would be the best title for the text?4.ACultural DifferencesBSmiles and RelationshipsCFacial ExpressivenessDHabits and EmotionsPassage 6(2012高考北京卷)The Basics of MathMade ClearBasic Math introduces students to the basic concepts of mathematics, as well as the fundament
10、als of more tricky areas. These 30 fantastic lectures are designed to provide students with an understanding of arithmetic and to prepare them for Algebra(代数) and beyond.The lessons in Basic Math cover every basic aspect of arithmetic. They also look into exponents(指数), the order of operations, and
11、square roots. In addition to learning how to perform various mathematical operations, students discover why these operations work, how a particular mathematical topic relates to other branches of mathematics, and how these operations can be used practically.Basic Math starts from the relatively easi
12、er concepts and gradually moves on to the more troublesome ones, so as to allow for steady and sure understanding of the material by students. The lectures offer students the chance to “make sense” of mathematical knowledge that may have seemed so frightening. They also help students prepare for col
13、lege mathematics and overcome their anxiety about this amazingand completely understandablefield of study.By the conclusion of the course, students will have improved their understanding of basic math. They will be able to clear away the mystery(神秘性) of mathematics and face their studies with more c
14、onfidence than they ever imagined. In addition, they will strengthen their ability to accept new and exciting mathematical challenges.Professor H. Siegel, honored by Kentucky Educational Television as “the best math teacher in America， ” is a devoted teacher and has a gift for explaining mathematica
15、l concepts in ways that make them seem clear and obvious. From the basic concrete ideas to the more abstract problems, he is a master in making math lectures learnerfriendlier and less scary.With a PhD in Mathematics Education from Georgia State University, Dr. Siegel teaches mathematics at Central
16、Arizona College. His courses include various makeup classes and a number of lectures for future primary school teachers.If the course fails to provide complete satisfaction to you, you can easily exchange it for any other course that we offer. Or you can get your money back.1What does the course Bas
17、ic Math mainly cover?AAlgebra. BCollege Mathematics.CArithmetic. DMathematics Education.2What benefits can students expect from Basic Math?AStronger imaginative ability.BAdditional presentation skills.CMore mathematical confidence.DGreater chances of becoming teachers.3What can we learn about Profes
18、sor H. Siegel?AHe is a guest lecturer at Kentucky Educational Television.BHe is to deliver 30 lectures in Basic Math.CHe works in Georgia State University.DHe specializes in training teachers.4Where is the passage most likely to have been taken from?AA news report. BA book review.CA lesson plan. DAn
19、 advertisement.Passage 5大千世界，文化各异，人的面部表情就闪现着不同的文化背景，笑意可表达人 们的爱、乐、礼等情意，可掩盖内心的悲痛。于是，就需我们了解不同文化的背景。1C 细节推理题。由第一段 the smile is in general an expression of pleasure.可知 C 项正确。A、B 两项是在特定环境下的产物，D 项文中未提到。2B 细节理解题。由第一段最后一句可知，越南人的微笑可掩盖痛苦的心情，故 B项正确。其他三项与文不符。3B 推理分析题。根据第二段第一句及本段最后两句，可了解到理解来自不同文化背景的人，必先了解他们的文化背景，显然 B 项正确，其它各项与文章大意不符。4C 概括大意题。人们的文化背景差异多多，但文中主要提到 facial expressions，所以 A、B 两项不恰当，D 项在本文中未提到，故选 C 项。Passage 6本文是一则广告。主要介绍一 门课程初等数学。1C 事实细节题。由第二段第一句可知，初学数学的课程包含了算术的每个基础的方面。2C 推理判断题。由第三段特别是第一句可知，初等数学由相对容易的概念入手，逐渐过渡到繁难的概念，以便让学生增强信心。3B 事实细节题。由第一段第二句和第五段可知 B 项正确。4D 篇章结构题。纵观全文，特别是最后一段可知，本文是一则广告。
