1、本科毕业设计（论文）外文翻译翻译二SPATIALTEMPORALPATTERNANDDRIVINGFORCESOFLANDUSECHANGESINXIAMENQUANBIN,CHENJIANFEI,QIUHONGLIE,MJMROMKENS,YANGXIAOQI,JIANGSHIFENGANDLIBICHENGABSTRACTUSINGLANDSATTMDATAOF1988,1998AND2001,THEDYNAMICPROCESSOFTHESPATIALTEMPORALCHARACTERISTICSOFLANDUSECHANGESDURING13YEARSFROM1988TO2001INTH
2、ESPECIALECONOMICZONEOFXIAMEN,CHINAWASANALYZEDTOIMPROVEUNDERSTANDINGANDTOFINDTHEDRIVINGFORCESOFLANDUSECHANGESOTHATSUSTAINABLELANDUTILIZATIONCOULDBEPRACTICEDDURINGTHE13YEARSCROPLANDDECREASEDREMARKABLYBYNEARLY1130495HATHEAREASOFRURALURBANCONSTRUCTIONANDWATERBODYINCREASEDBY1015224HAAND84894HA,RESPECTIVE
3、LYFROM1988TO2001,525OFTHELOSTCROPLANDWASCONVERTEDINTORURALURBANINDUSTRIALLANDRAPIDURBANIZATIONCONTRIBUTEDTOAGREATCHANGEINTHERATEOFCROPLANDLANDUSEDURINGTHESEYEARSLANDRECLAMATIONALSOCONTRIBUTEDTOADECREASEINWATERBODYAREAASWELLASMARINEECOLOGICALANDENVIRONMENTALDESTRUCTIONINTHESTUDYAREA1URBANIZATIONANDIN
4、DUSTRIALIZATION,2INFRASTRUCTUREANDAGRICULTURALINTENSIFICATION,3INCREASEDAFFLUENCEOFTHEFARMINGCOMMUNITY,AND4POLICYFACTORSHAVEDRIVENTHELANDUSECHANGESPOSSIBLESUSTAINABLELANDUSEMEASURESINCLUDEDCONSTRUCTIONOFALANDMANAGEMENTSYSTEM,LANDPLANNING,DEVELOPMENTOFPOTENTIALLANDRESOURCES,NEWTECHNOLOGYAPPLICATIONS,
5、ANDMARINEECOLOGICALANDENVIRONMENTALPROTECTIONKEYWORDSDRIVINGFORCE,GIS,LANDUSECHANGE,REMOTESENSING,XIAMENINTRODUCTIONLANDUSEANDLANDCOVERAREPROMINENTECOLOGICALSYMBOLSWITHINTHESURFACESYSTEMOFTHEEARTHLANDUSEREFERSTOHUMANMANIPULATIONOFTHELANDTOFULFILLANEEDORWANTMEANWHILE,LANDUSECHANGEMAYINVOLVEEITHERASHI
6、FTTOADIFFERENTUSE,SUCHASFROMRICEPADDYTOAQUACULTURE,ORANEXPANSIONANDINTENSIFICATIONOFANEXISTINGFORM,SUCHASFROMSUBSISTENCETOCOMMERCIALFARMINGMATSONETAL,1997LANDCOVER,DEFINEDASTHEPHYSICALSURFACECONDITIONOFTHELAND,ISLIKELYTOCHANGEASARESULTOFLANDUSECHANGETURNERANDMEYER,1991FURTHERMORE,LANDUSEINFLUENCESTH
7、EENVIRONMENTMAINLYBYLANDCOVER,ANDTHUSLANDUSEANDLANDCOVERAREINTERRELATEDLANDUSE/COVERCHANGELUCCISACOREPROJECTOFTHEINTERNATIONALGLOBALANDBIOLOGYPLANIGBPITAIMSTOIMPROVEUNDERSTANDINGOFTHEGLOBALDYNAMICSOFLUCCWITHAFOCUSTOIMPROVETHEABILITYTOPROJECTSUCHCHANGETURNERETAL1997MOREANDMOREPEOPLEBELIEVETHATITISATI
8、MELYPROJECTTOCOMPREHENSIVELYASSESSTHEGLOBALENVIRONMENTALCHANGESLIUANDBUHE,2000ALUCCSTUDIESTHECHANGESOFNATURALLAND,SOCIOECONOMICCONDITIONS,ANDHUMANACTIVITIESTHEREFORE,ITREQUIRESTHECOOPERATIONOFNATURALANDSOCIALSCIENCESTOLINKLUCCTOGLOBALCHANGETURNER,1994LUCCREVOLVESAROUNDCOREPROBLEMSOFREGIONALPOPULATIO
9、N,RESOURCES,ENVIRONMENT,ANDDEVELOPMENTSINCETHE199OS,THESTUDYOFLUCCHASBEENASUBJECTOFINTENSEINTERESTINACADEMICCIRCLESINRECENTYEARS,SOMERESEARCHERSHAVEMADEGREATPROGRESSINLUCCSTUDIESMEYERANDTURNER,1996LUOANDNI,2000SHIETAL,2002HOWEVER,FEWSTUDIESHAVEBEENDONETODATEINTHESOUTHEASTCRNPARTOFFUJIANPROVINCE,WHIC
10、HEXPERIENCEDMAJORECONOMICDEVELOPMENTDURINGTHEPAST20YEARSCURRENTLY,THERATEOFCONVERSIONOFAGRICULTURALLANDINTHESOUTHEASTERNCOASTALAREAOFCHINATONONAGRICULTURALUSESISINCREASINGLIUETAL,2003CONSEQUENTLY,THEREISANEEDFORMORERESEARCHINTHESOUTHEASTERNFUJIANPROVINCE,WHERERAPIDDEVELOPMENTHASLEDTOSWIFTCHANGESINLA
11、NDUSEPATTERNSINTHISWORK,LANDUSESPATIALCHANGESDURING1988,1998,AND2001INXIAMENWERESTUDIEDUSINGREMOTESENSINGRSANDGEOGRAPHICALINFORMATIONSYSTEMGISTOOLSTHECHARACTERISTICSANDRULESOFLANDUSECHANGESANDTHEIRDRIVINGFORCESWEREANALYZEDQUANTITATIVELYTHROUGHMODELS,WHICHPROVIDEDASCIENTIFICBASISFORDECISIONSINREGIONA
12、LRESOURCEANDCOORDINATEDENVIRONMENTALDEVELOPMENT,WHILSTOFFEREDATYPICALCASEINLANDUSECHANGEINONEOFCHINAS“HOTSPOTS”OFECONOMICDEVELOPMENTMATERIALSANDMETHODSSURVEYOFREGIONXIAMEN,WITHANAREAOF1638KM2,ISLOCATEDINTHESOUTHEASTERNPARTOFFUJIANPROVINCE,FACINGTHETAIWANSTRAITSITHASASOUTHERNSUBTROPICALMONSOONCLIMATE
13、,ANANNUALMEANTEMPERATUREOF208“C,ANDANANNUALPRECIPITATIONOF11435MMTHENATURALVEGETATIONISASOUTHERNSUBTROPICALMONSOONRAINFOREST,BUTHUMANACTIVITIESHAVEDESTROYEDMOSTOFTHISMASSONPINEPINUSMASSONIANALAMBANDTAIWANACACIAACACIACONFUSAMERRHAVEBEENPLANTEDINTHEUPLANDANDBOTTOMFLATLAND,UNDERWHICHALATERITICREDSOILHA
14、SDEVELOPEDOVERTIMEQUANETAL,2004BAND2005AIN2001,XIAMENCONSISTEDOFSEVENADMINISTRATIVEDISTRICTSINCLUDINGSIMING,KAIYUAN,GULANGYU,HULI,JIMEI,XINGLIN,ANDTONGANDISTRICTSWITHATOTALPOPULATIONOF131MILLIONWHENCHINABEGANAPOLICYOFOPENINGUPTOTHEWORLD,XIAMENBECAMEONEOFTHEFIRSTFOURSPECIALECONOMICZONESBECAUSEOFITSAD
15、VANTAGEOUSLOCATIONSINCETHENTHEECONOMYDEVELOPEDRAPIDLYDATAANDCLASSIFICATIONLANDUSEDATAWEREOBTAINEDFROMLANDSATSATELLITEIMAGESFROM1988TO1998AND2001WITHASPATIALRESOLUTIONOF30MX30MINADDITION,MAPSOFXIAMENSVEGETATIONDISTRIBUTION,XIAMENCITYREMOTESENSINGIMAGES,XIAMENADMINISTRATIVEDISTRICT2004,ANDLANDUSEETCWE
16、RECOLLECTEDFORIMAGEINTERPRETATIONLANDRESOURCEINVESTIGATIONDATA19882001WEREALSOGATHEREDFORCONSULTATIONTWOGRADESWEREESTABLISHEDFORTHELANDUSECLASSIFICATIONSYSTEMTHEFIRSTGRADEWASDIVIDEDINTOSIXCLASSESCROPLANDL,ORCHARD2,FORESTLAND3,RURALURBANINDUSTRIALLAND4,WATERBODY5ANDUNUSEDLAND6THESECONDGRADEWASDIVIDED
17、INTO12CLASSESWITHTHEFOLLOWINGNAMESANDCODESPADDYFIELDLL,DRYLAND12,ORCHARD21,FOREST31,URBAN,TOWNANDSEPARATEDINDUSTRIALLAND41,RURALLAND42,SALTFIELD43,RESERVOIR51,OTHERWATERBODIES52,COASTALBEACH53,BARRENLAND61,ANDOTHERUNUSEDLAND62PROCEDURESFORLANDUSEDATAANDCONVERSIONSFROM1988TO2001,FIRSTLANDSATTMIMAGESO
18、FTHREEDIFFERENTPERIODSWEREACQUIRED,ANDTHENTHEGCPGROUNDCONTROLPOINTSWORKSMODULEOFCANADIANPCISOFTWAREWASAPPLIEDFORMAKINGGEOMETRICCORRECTIONSMORETHANFORTYGROUNDCONTROLPOINTSWERESELECTEDASREFERENCESONATOPOGRAPHYMAPOFSCALE150000THEGAUSSKRUGERPROJECTION,WHICHBELONGEDTOAKINDOFTRANSVERSEEQUALANGLECYLINDRICA
19、LPROJECTION,WASUSEDTOCORRECTIMAGESWITHITSPROJECTIONPARAMETERASFOLLOWSCENTRALLONGITUDE117”,KRASSOVSKYELLIPSOID,ANDFALSEEASTING500KMCHANG,2002CHENETAL,1998COLORCOMPOSITESWEREGENERATEDDISPLAYINGBANDS5,4AND3ASRED,GREENANDBLUE,RESPECTIVELYANIMAGEENHANCEMENTWASPERFORMEDTOINCREASETHEVISUALDISTINCTIONBETWEE
20、NFEATURESINORDERTOINCREASETHEAMOUNTOFINFORMATIONTHATCANBEVISUALLYINTERPRETEDFROMTHEDATAAFTERIMAGEENHANCEMENT,BASEDONFIELDINVESTIGATIONS,IMAGEINTERPRETATIONSYMBOLSOFDIFFERENTIMAGEELEMENTSWEREADDEDAGLOBALPOSITIONINGSYSTEMGPSRECEIVERWASUSEDTOCOLLECTTHECOORDINATESOFSAMPLESITESADDITIONALLY,THELANDUSEMAPO
21、F1996WASDIGITIZEDINGISARCVIEWSOFTWAREBEFOREIMAGEINTERPRETATIONTHISCOULDBECONSULTEDINTHEPROCESSOFPERSONMACHINEALTERNATINGVISUALOPERATIONSTHELANDUSETYPESWEREINTERPRETEDVISUALLYINTHESCREENBASEDONTHETMIMAGESALSO,SOMEADDITIONALERRORSWERECORRECTEDBASEDONAUXILIARYREFERENCEDATAANDFIELDWORKINTHEEND,THESMALLE
22、STPLOTONTHEINTERPRETEDMAPCORRESPONDEDTOASCALEOF1100000,ANDFIELDCHECKINGVERIFIEDTHEACCURACYOFIMAGEINTERPRETATIONOFUPTO90TODETERMINETHERATEOFLANDUSECHANGE,THESTUDYPERIOD19882001WASDIVIDEDINTOTWOSUBPERIODSANDTHELANDUSECHANGESOFTHETWOSUBPERIODSWERECOMPAREDTHEFIRSTSUBPERIODWASFROM1988TO1998,CALLEDTHEEARL
23、IERSTAGE,ANDTHESECONDSUBPERIODWASFROM1998TO2001,CALLEDTHELATERSTAGETHECOMPARATIVEANALYSISONLANDUSECHANGEFOCUSEDONTHETWOSUBPERIODSREGIONALDIFFERENCEINLANDUSECHARACTERISTICSWEREDETERMINEDUSINGTHELANDUSEDYNAMICDEGREEMODELTHATCOULDBEMATHEMATICALLYEXPRESSEDBYTHEFOLLOWINGRELATIONSHIPLIUANDBUHE,2OOOBWHERES
24、ISTHELANDUSECHANGERATEOVERTIMET,SIISTHEITHTYPELANDUSEAREAATTHEBEGINNINGOFTHEMONITORINGPERIOD,NISTHENUMBEROFTHELANDUSETYPE,ANDASIJISTHETOTALAREAOFTHEITHTYPELANDUSETHATISCONVERTEDINTOTHEOTHERTYPESOFLANDUSETHELANDUSEDYNAMICDEGREEWASTHUSDEFINEDASTHETIMERATECHANGEOFLANDUSETHATWASCONVERTEDINTOTHEOTHERTYPE
25、SOFLANDUSESANDTHATATTHEBEGINNINGOFTHEMONITORINGPERIODWASPARTOFTHELANDUSEAREASUBJECTTOCHANGETHEDYNAMICDEGREEREPRESENTED,INACOMPREHENSIVEMANNER,THECHANGEOFLANDUSEINAGIVENREGIONINORDERTOUNDERSTANDTHERATEOFREGIONALLANDUSECHANGESANDTHEIRCHARACTERISTICDIFFERENCES,THELANDUSEDYNAMICDEGREEWASCALCULATEDFORTHE
26、ADMINISTRATIVEDISTRICTSINXIAMENTHESEVENADMINISTRATIVEDISTRICTSWEREDIVIDEDINTOTHREEGROUPSONTHEBASISOFTHEVALUEOFTHELANDUSEDYNAMICDEGREETHEFIRSTGROUPBELONGEDTOTHEFASTMODEOFLANDUSECHANGE,INWHICHTHELANDUSEDYNAMICDEGREEWASFROM25TO40THESECONDGROUPBELONGEDTOTHEMODERATEMODEOFLANDUSECHANGEWHERETHEDYNAMICDEGRE
27、EWASFROM12TO25INCLUDING25,ANDTHETHIRDGROUPBELONGEDTOTHESLOWMODEWITHTHEDYNAMICDEGREEFROM8TO12INCLUDING12AFTEREACHGROUPWASENCODED,THEREGIONALDISTRIBUTIONMAPFORTHELANDUSEDYNAMICDEGREEWASMADEUSINGGISARCVIEWSOFTWAREREGIONALDIFFERENCESINTHERATEOFLANDUSECHANGEWEREDETERMINEDWITHTHERATEOFLANDUSECHANGEMODELAS
28、FOLLOWSLIUANDHE,2002WHERESISTHERATEOFTHEITHTYPELANDUSECHANGEDURINGTHEMONITORINGPERIODTITOTZAIISTHEAREAOFTHEITHTYPELANDUSEATTHEBEGINNINGOFTHEMONITORINGPERIODANDUAIISTHEAREAOFTHEITHTYPELANDUSETHATREMAINSUNCHANGEDDURINGTHISMONITORINGPERIODAIUAIISTHECHANGEDLANDAREADURINGTHEMONITORINGPERIOD,IETHETOTALARE
29、AOFTHEITHTYPELANDUSECONVERTEDINTOTHEOTHERTYPESOFLANDUSETHUS,THISMODELREPRESENTEDTHETIMERATEOFCHANGEFORONETYPEOFLANDUSETHATWASCONVERTEDINTOANOTHERTYPEOFLANDUSERELATIVETOTHELANDUSESITUATIONATTHEBEGINNINGOFTHEMONITORINGPERIODREGIONALDIFFERENCESINTHELANDUSEINTENSITYCOMPREHENSIVEINDEXWERECALCULATEDUSINGT
30、HEMATHEMATICALEXPRESSIONGIVENBYTHEFOLLOWINGRELATIONSHIPLAIETAL,2002HEETAL,2002WHEREIISTHELANDUSEINTENSITYCOMPREHENSIVEINDEXGISTHEGRADATIONVALUEOFTHEITHRANKINGLANDUSETYPECIISTHEAREAPERCENTAGEOFTHEITHRANKINGLANDUSEINTENSITYANDNISTHENUMBEROFLANDINDEXOFLANDUSEWASGIVENBYWHEREIBANDI,ARELANDUSEINTENSITYCOM
31、PREHENSIVEINDEXESATTIMEPOINTBANDA,RESPECTIVELYTHESERELATIONSHIPSWERECOMPREHENSIVEREPRESENTATIONSOFLANDUSEINTENSITYIFTHEPARAMETERAIB,0,THELANDUSEISCONTINUELYDEVELOPINGINTHEREGIONONTHECONTRARY,THELANDUSEISREGRESSINGLANDUSECANBEDIVIDEDINTOSEVERALRANKINGSACCORDINGTOTHEIRCHANGEINTENSITYTONATURAL“EQUILIBR
32、IUMSTATUS”WANGANDBAO,1999INTHEGRADATIONINDEXSYSTEM,UNUSEDLANDWASASSIGNEDTHEFACTOR1FORESTANDWATERBODYWEREFACTOR2AGRICULTURALLAND,INCLUDINGCROPLANDANDORCHARD,WASFACTOR3ANDRURALURBANINDUSTRIALLANDWASFACTOR4SO,THECALCULATIONREPRESENTEDTHERANGEANDINTENSITYOFLANDUTILIZATIONWANGETAL,2002TODETERMINETHEDRIVI
33、NGFORCESOFCROPLANDCHANGEACOMPARISONOFTHELANDSATACQUIREDDATAWASMADEWITHTHESTATISTICALDATAOBTAINEDFROMTHELANDRESOURCESURVEYOFFICETHESTATISTICALDATAOFTHEXIAMENCROPLANDAREAFOREACHYEARANDTHECORRESPONDINGSOCIALECONOMICDATAWEREALSOCOLLECTEDANDANALYZEDTHESOCIALECONOMICDATAINCLUDEDGENERALPOPULATION,TOTALAGRI
34、CULTURALOUTPUTVALUE,GDP,ETCTHEREWERE23INDEXESANDTHEDATASETSCOVEREDEACHYEARFORTHE1988TO2001STUDYPERIODTHEINFORMATIONWASCALCULATEDONTHEBASISOFNOCHANGEINTHEPRICESFROM1990THENACORRELATIONANALYSISWASCONDUCTEDBETWEENCROPLANDANDTHEOTHERFACTORSTOASSESSCROPLANDCHANGEDRIVINGFORCESOFOTHERLANDUSETYPESWEREALSOAN
35、ALYZEDTOHELPDEVELOPSTRATEGIESFORSUSTAINABLEDEVELOPMENTRESULTSANDDISCUSSIONLANDUSEDATAANDCONVERSIONSFROM1988TO2001THESPATIALTEMPORALLANDUSECHANGESINXIAMENARESHOWNINTABLEIANDFIG1THEDATAINDICATEDTHATTHREELANDUSETYPESINCREASEDWHILETHREEDECREASEDFROM1988TO2001RURALURBANINDUSTRIALLANDHADTHELARGESTINCREASE
36、WITH1015224HAFOLLOWEDBYORCHARDWITH163584HATABLEIDUETOHYDROTECHNICALCONSTRUCTIONPROJECTS,WATERBODYINCREASEDBY84894HAONTHEWHOLEWHILECOASTALBEACHLANDDECREASEDBY213907HAFIG1AMONGTHELANDTYPES,CROPLANDDECREASEDBY1130495HA,WHILEFORESTANDUNUSEDLANDDECREASEDBY72790AND60415HA,RESPECTIVELYTABLEILANDUSECONVERSI
37、ONWASCOMMONAMONGTHEVARIOUSTYPESABOUT525OFTHECROPLANDAREALOSTWASCONVERTEDINTORURALURBANINDUSTRIALLAND,AND279AND166WERECONVERTEDINTOORCHARDANDWATERBODIES,RESPECTIVELYTABLE11DURINGTHESTUDYPERIOD,MANYPADDYFIELDSWERECONVERTEDTORURALURBANINDUSTRIALUSE,ORCHARD,RESERVOIR,ANDHYDROTECHNICALCONSTRUCTIONSITESIN
38、ADDITION,PARTFIG1NETCHANGESOFLANDUSEINXIAMENFROM1988TO2001WITHPADDYFIELDLL,DRYLAND12,ORCHARD21,FOREST31,URBAN,TOWNANDSEPARATEDINDUSTRIALLAND41,RURALLAND42,SALTFIELD43,RESERVOIR51,OTHERWATERBODY52,COASTALBEACH53,BARRENLAND61,ANDOTHERUNUSEDLAND62THENUMBERINTHEPARENTHESISRESPRESENTSTHERANKINGCODEOFLAND
39、USETYPEOFTHESECONDGRADEACCORDINGTOTHELANDUSECLASSIFICATIONSYSTEMOFTHEORCHARDAREAWASCONVERTEDINTOCROPLANDANDRURALURBANINDUSTRIALLANDHOWEVER,THETOTALORCHARDAREAINCREASEDBECAUSEOFCONVERSIONSFROMCROPLAND629ANDFOREST208,RESPECTIVELYABOUT508OFTHEFORESTLANDLOSTWASCONVERTEDINTOORCHARDRURALURBANINDUSTRIALLAN
40、DANDCROPLANDMADEUPTHERESTOFTHECONVERTEDFORESTABOUT536OFTHEWATERBODYLOSTWASCONVERTEDINTORURALURBANINDUSTRIALLANDTABLE11INTHEMEANTIME,THECONVERSIONOFSOMECROPLANDINTORESERVOIRANDHYDROTECHNICALCONSTRUCTIONLANDLEDTOTHEINCREASEINTHETOTALWATERBODYAREATHEINCREASEINRURALURBANINDUSTRIALLANDWASMOSTNOTICEABLEFI
41、GL,WHICHCAMEFROMOTHERLANDUSETYPES,ESPECIALLYCROPLAND621OFTHELOSTAREAOFTHEUNUSEDLANDWASCONVERTEDINTOFOREST,ANDTHERESTWASCONVERTEDMAINLYINTOORCHARDTABLE11COMPARISONOFLANDUSECHANGESBETWEEN1988TO1998AND1998TO2001THERATEOFLANDUSECHANGEFORTHESTUDYPERIOD19882001ISSHOWNINFIG2WITHALARGERDECREASEOFCROPLANDIEP
42、ADDYFIELDS,10575HADURINGTHEEARLIERSTAGETHANTHELATERSTAGE730HATHEDECREASEINTHEEARLIERSTAGEWASABOUT14TIMESTHATOFTHELATERSTAGEWHILETHEPERIODOFOBSERVATIONINTHELATERSTAGEWASABOUTONETHIRDOFTHEEARLIERSTAGETHUS,THEDATASUGGESTEDTHATTHEDISAPPEARANCERATEOFCROPLANDHADSLOWEDDURINGTHETWOSUBPERIODSBOTHOFTHERURALUR
43、BANINDUSTRIALLANDUSECHANGESINCREASEDTABLEIANDTHERATIOOFTHEINCREASEBETWEENTHETWOSTAGESWASABOUT124LLANDAREASFORORCHARDANDWATERBODIESINCREASEDDURINGTHEEARLIERSTAGEWHILENOMAJORCHANGETOOKPLACEDURINGTHELATERSTAGEFORESTSHOWEDOVERTWICEASGREATACHANGEINTHEFIRSTPERIODTHANTHESECONDINSHORT,THEBASICRULEOFLANDUSEC
44、HANGEINXIAMENDURINGTHEPERIOD1988TO2001WASTHATCHANGESINTHEEARLYSTAGEWEREGREATERTHANTHOSEINTHELATERSTAGETHISMEANTTHATCHANGESINLANDUSEGRADUALLYDECREASEDWITHTIMESUGGESTINGAMORERATIONALUTILIZATIONOFLANDRESOURCESFIG2NETCHANGESINLANDUSEAREASOFXIAMENFORTHEEARLIERSTAGE19881998ANDTHELATERSTAGE19982001WITHPADD
45、YFIELDLL,DRYLAND12,ORCHARD21,FOREST31,URBAN,TOWNANDSEPARATEDINDUSTRIALLAND41,RURALLAND42,SALTFIELD43,RESERVOIR51,OTHERWATERBODY52,COASTALBEACH53,BARRENLAND61,ANDOTHERUNUSEDLAND62THENUMBERINTHEPARENTHESISREPRESENTSTHERANKINGCODEOFLANDUSETYPEOFTHESECONDGRADEACCORDINGTOTHELANDUSECLASSIFICATIONSYSTEMTHE
46、LANDUSEDYNAMICDEGREEFORTHESEVENADMINISTRATIVEDISTRICTSINXIAMENISSHOWNINFIG3THEOVERALLCOMPREHENSIVELANDUSEDYNAMICDEGREEOFXIAMENFORTHEPERIODFROM1988TO2001WAS211FIG3INDICATEDTHATTHEHULIANDXINGLINDISTRICTSWEREINTHEFIRSTGROUPTHEIRHIGHRANKINGWASATTRIBUTEDTOTHEIRFAVORABLEGEOGRAPHICALLOCATIONDUETOTHEPRESENC
47、EOFSHIPPING,TRANSPORTATION,ANDINDUSTRIALFACILITIESTHESEDISTRICTSBECAMEABASEOF“EXCHANGESOFMAIL,TRADE,AIRANDSHIPPINGSERVICES”ONBOTHSIDESOFTHETAIWANSTRAITSTHEREFORE,THESETWODISTRICTSPLAYEDANIMPORTANTROLEINCAPITALINVESTMENTSFROMTAIWANIN1989,HAICANGOFXIAMENALSOBECAMEANAREAOFINVESTMENTINTERESTFORTAIWANESE
48、BUSINESSMEN,WHOPROGRESSIVELYPROMOTEDLOCALECONOMICDEVELOPMENTFIG3DYNAMICDEGREEOFLANDUSEFORTHESEVENADMINISTRATIVEDISTRICTSINXIAMENDURINGTHEPERIOD1988TO2001WITHFASTCHANGEBEINGFROM25TO40,MODERATECHANGEFROM12TO25INCLUDING25,ANDSLOWCHANGEFROM8TO12INCLUDING12THEJIMEI,TONGAN,ANDKAIYUANADMINISTRATIVEDISTRICT
49、SBELONGEDTOTHESECONDGROUPTHEYEXPERIENCEDAMODERATELANDUSECHANGEFIG3SIMINGANDGULANGYUDISTRICTSBELONGEDTOTHETHIRDGROUP,WHICHSHOWEDASLOWLANDUSECHANGESIMINGWASANOLDURBANDISTRICTINWHICHTHEURBANIZATIONLEVELWASHIGHTOSTARTWITHANDTHEREFOREAFURTHERINCREASEWOULDHAVEBEENDIFFICULTTOACHIEVETHESLOWCHANGEONGULANGYUISLANDCOULDBERELATEDTOREGULATIONSTHATWEREDESIGNEDTOPRESERVETHECHARACTERISTICARCHITECTURALSTYLEANDTHEGREENERYTHERATESOFLANDUSECHANGEFORXIAMENANDITSADMINISTRATIVEDISTRICTSWERECALCULATEDFORTHEPERIOD1988TO2001TABLE111AMONGTHEVARIOUSLANDUSETYPES,THECROPLANDANNUALCONVERSIONRATEWASTHEHIGHESTTHISWASIND
