1、本科毕业设计（论文）外文翻译原文THERESPONSIBILITYOFTHESOCIALWORKERETHICALIMPLICATIONSOFTHEORYANDPRACTICEHEINZJKERSTINGPROTESTANTUNIVERSITYOFAPPLIEDSCIENCES,FREIBURG,ANDINSTITUTEOFCONSULTATIONANDSUPERVISION,AACHEN,GERMANYABSTRACTPURPOSETOFOCUSONTHETOPICOFETHICSANDRESPONSIBILITY,SPECIFICALLYONTHEETHICALACTIONOFTHESOC
2、IALWORKERDESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACHCONSIDERSTHATWHILEETHICALQUESTIONSAREDISCUSSEDINSOCIALDISCOURSEEVERYWHERE,SOCIALWORKINGERMANYSEEMSTOAVOIDAREFORMULATIONOFDEEPLYETHICALPREMISESTHISISPERHAPSSO,BECAUSEETHICSALREADYAREIMPLICITINTHEACTIONSOFSOCIALWORKFINDINGSTHEAUTHORBELIEVESTHATTHEIMPLICITDEALINGWITH
3、ETHICSONTHEPARTOFTHESOCIALWORKERISSIMILARTOTHE“IMPLICITETHICS”OFHEINZVONFOESTER,WHICH“CANNOTBEARTICULATED”,BUTAREIMMANENTINEVERYACTIONORIGINALITY/VALUEACONSIDERATIONOFTHEETHICALRESPONSIBILITIESOFTHESOCIALWORKERKEYWORDSCYBERNETICS；ETHICS,；SOCIALWELFARENOWADAYS,THEREARENOMORECONFERENCES,WHERETHEREISNO
4、TATLEASTONELECTUREDEDICATEDTOTHETOPICOFETHICSALMOSTEVERYPROFESSIONALGROUPCONCERNSITSELFWITHTHISTOPIC,ANDMANYPROFESSIONALASSOCIATIONSESTABLISHCOMMITTEESONETHICSTHEGERMANGOVERNMENTRECENTLYESTABLISHEDANETHICSCOMMITTEE,WITHVERYDISTINGUISHEDMEMBERS,FOCUSSEDONTHEPROBLEMSOFSTEMCELLRESEARCHWHENONELOOKSATTHE
5、LITERATURE,WESEEABLOSSOMINGLANDSCAPEOFETHICS,WHICHISSEMANTICALLYINNOVATIVE,USEDECONOMICALLY,ANDPOLITICALLYARGUABLEPRESENTEDLINGUISTICALLYANDSOMETIMESALREADYESTABLISHEDASMORALITYINTECHNOLOGY,BUSINESSETHICS,BIOETHICSANDUNTILNOWAPPEARINGONLYINTHEFORMOFNEOLOGISMSSUCHASTHEORETHICS,CYBERNETHICSVONFOERSTER
6、,1993B,AESTHETHICSANDGENEETHICSECONOMICALLYREWARDING,ONEFINDSMORALITYASSOMETHINGFORCONSULTANTSTOINVESTINPOLITICALLYSPEAKING,MORALITYISOFTENASSIDUOUSLYTAXED,ASMOSTRECENTLYINTHEDISCUSSIONFORANDAGAINSTTHEIRAQIWARETHICALIMPERATIVESAREVERYCURRENTFORBUSINESS,ANDINCREASINGLYETHICALQUESTIONS,CONCERNSANDLIMI
7、TATIONSAREALSOBEINGDISCUSSEDINRELATIONTOSCIENTIFICRESEARCH,ESPECIALLYINTHEFIELDSOFGENETECHNOLOGYANDBRAINRESEARCHHEREIWILLFOCUSONTHETOPICOFETHICSOFRESPONSIBILITY,IEONTHEETHICALACTINGOFTHESOCIALWORKERHOWEVER,THEPROFESSIONALGROUPOFSOCIALWORKERSINGERMANYSEEMSTOBEIMMUNEREGARDINGTHETOPICOFITSOWNPROFESSION
8、ALETHICS,ATLEASTWHENONELOOKSATTHEPROFESSIONALLITERATURE,BROWSESTHROUGHTHERESPECTIVEMAGAZINESANDATTENTIVELYLISTENSTOCONVERSATIONSAMONGCOLLEAGUESITSEEMSTOMETHAT,ASIDEFROMSOMEEXCEPTIONS,GERMANSOCIALWORKISLITTLETOUCHEDBYQUESTIONSREGARDINGETHICSBYCOMPARISON,SOCIALWORKERSINTHEUSANDTHENETHERLANDSHAVESUCCEE
9、DEDINCOMINGUPWITHA“CODEOFETHICS”,RECOGNIZEDBYITSPROFESSIONALGROUPPERHAPSSOCIALWORKERSINGERMANYAREMENTALLYTOOINFLEXIBLETOPICKUPONTHEIMPORTANTDEVELOPMENTSOFTHETIMESPERHAPSFORTHEMETHICALQUESTIONSAREAMATTEROFCOURSEINTHEIRACTING,NOTWARRANTINGBIGDISCUSSIONSPERHAPS,HOWEVER,SOMETHINGALREADYSHOWSINTHEIRIMPLI
10、CITHANDLINGOFETHICSTHATMAKESFORTHESTANDINGOFETHICSINTHELASTYEARSOFTHESECONDANDTHEFIRSTYEARSOFTHETHIRDMILLENNIUM,THEREBYPOINTINGTOANEWANDRATHERUSEFULAPPROACHTOETHICSWELL,IDONOTTHINKTHATGERMANSOCIALWORKERSAREMENTALLYLESSFLEXIBLETHANTHESOCIALWORKERSOFOTHERCOUNTRIESANDTHEMEMBERSOFTHEOTHERPROFESSIONALGRO
11、UPSPOSSIBLYTHEYPERCEIVETHEWORLDMOREPRAGMATICALLY,NEEDTOIMPROVISEMORE,ANDOVERLOADTHEMSELVESWITHWORKSOTHATWHILETHEYAREACTINGTHEYDONOTHAVEMUCHTIMELEFTFOREXPLICITETHICALREFLECTINGONTHEOTHERHAND,INMANYAREAS,ESPECIALLYTHOSECONCERNINGTHEMARGINALZONESANDTHEVITALQUESTIONSOFSOCIETY,THEGERMANSOCIALWORKERSHAVET
12、HEIRFINGERSONTHEPULSEOFTHETIMES,WHILESEISMOGRAPHICALLYPERCEIVINGTHEPROBLEMSOFTHEPEOPLEMORECLEARLYTHANMANYOTHERPROFESSIONALGROUPSINADDITION,SOCIALWORKISTHEFIRSTPROFESSIONALGROUPTHATINVENTEDSUPERVISIONFORITSOWNREFLECTION,WHICHTODAYHASBEENADOPTEDBYMANYOTHERPROFESSIONALGROUPSTHROUGHOUTEUROPEASAUSEFULCON
13、SULTINGTOOLFORITSOWNPRACTICEINTHEPROCESSOFSUPERVISION,SOCIALWORKERSLETTHEMSELVESTOBEOBSERVEDBYSUPERVISORSTHEYALLOWATOTALSTRANGERTOLOOKATTHEIRCARDS,WHICHINITIATESAVERYEFFECTIVEPROCESSOFREFLECTIONWITHSUPERVISION,SOCIALWORKHASINTRODUCEDSECONDORDEROBSERVATIONINTOTHEIRPRACTICE,ANDINSTITUTIONALIZEDTHESUPE
14、RVISORASTHEOBSERVEROFTHEOBSERVERSLONGBEFORE“CYBERNETICSOFCYBERNETICS”OR“SECONDORDERCYBERNETICS”VONFOERSTER,1993B,PP914BRADMANN,1996KERSTING,1997,2002,PP2531WASTHOUGHTABOUTTHEORETICALLYSECONDORDERCYBERNETICSDELIVEREDAPOSTERIORITHETHERORETICALFOUNDATIONFORTHEEFFECTIVENESSOFSUPERVISIONASAREFLECTIVETOOL
15、THUSFAR“ONLY”EXPERIENCEDINPRACTICEFORSOCIALWORKERSTHISWASNOTHINGNEW,BECAUSETHEYHADALWAYSTHOUGHTINTERMSOFSOCIALINTERDEPENDENCIES,WHICHALREADYONEARLYCHARTSHADCOMEOUTASCIRCLESITWOULDBEINTERESTINGTOREREADTHECLASSICSOFSOCIALWORK,FOREXAMPLE,JANEADDAMS,ALICESALOMON,BERTHAREYNOLDS,FELIXBIESTECK,LOUISLOWY,JI
16、MGARLAND,ALEXGITTERMANFORTHISASPECTCYBERNETICTHINKINGCLEARLYCONTRAVENESTHE“FUNDAMENTALPRINCIPLESOFSCIENTIFICDISCOURSE,WHICHCOMMANDSTHESEPARATIONOFOBSERVERANDTHEOBSERVEDTHATISTHEPRINCIPLEOFOBJECTIVITYTHECHARACTERISTICSOFTHEOBSERVERSHALLNOTENTERTHEDESCRIPTIONOFTHEOBSERVED”VONFOERSTER,1993B,P64TRANSLAT
17、EDBYMONIKABROECKEROBJECTIVEDESCRIPTIONACTSASIFTHEOBSERVERDIDNOTEXISTHOWEVER,WHENIOBSERVETHEOBSERVERANDWHENIOBSERVEMYSELFASOBSERVERWHILEOBSERVINGSOMETHINGTHATSEEMSTOBEOUTSIDEOFME,THENTHEOBSERVERISPARTOFTHEOBSERVATIONITSELF,THENIASTHEOBSERVERAMALWAYSTHEOBSERVEDASWELLTHISSTRANGEPROCESS,WHICHINMYOPINION
18、OCCURSWITHANYSCIENTIFICRESEARCH,AS“OBJECTIVE”ASITMAYSEEM,ISCALLEDCYBERNETICSOFCYBERNETICS,ORSECONDORDERCYBERNETICS“WHENTHECHARACTERISTICSOFTHEOBSERVER,IETHECHARACTERISTICSOFOBSERVINGANDDESCRIBINGAREEXCLUDED,THEREISNOTHINGLEFT,NEITHERTHEOBSERVATIONNORTHEDESCRIPTION”VONFOERSTER,1993B,P64TRANSLATEDBYMO
19、NIKABROECKERITMAKESSENSETOMETHATSCIENCEWANTSTOHOLDONTOTHISPRINCIPLEOFEXCLUDINGTHEOBSERVERWITHHISCHARACTERISTICS,BECAUSEITISAFRAIDOFPARADOXES,FOREXAMPLE,SUCHPARADOXES,INWHICHWEJUSTGOTCAUGHTUPANDHEREWEAREAGAIN,UNWITTINGLY,INTHELANDOFMORALITYOUTOFFEAROFSELFREFERENCE,OUTOFFEAROFTHEOBSERVERINCLUDINGHIMSE
20、LFINTHEOBSERVATION,THATHEWOULDBECOMETHEIMPLICATIONOFRESEARCH,OUTOFFEAROFHAVINGTOTALKABOUTHIMSELF,THISPARADOXWASFORBIDDENINSCIENCEATLEASTSINCEWECONCERNEDOURSELVESWITHCYBERNETICS,WEKNOWTHATALLOURSCIENTIFICTHEORIESAREBASEDONABELIEFANDAREONLYPOSSIBLEBECAUSEANANGELWITHABURNINGSWORDKEEPSAWAYTHEPARADOXESTH
21、ATOCCURTHROUGHCIRCULAR,SELFREFERENTIALTHINKINGSCIENTIFICTHEORIESUSUALLYASSERTTHEIRCLAIMTOTRUTHTHEYOPERATEACCORDINGTOTHEARISTOTELIANLOGICWITHTHEDISTINCTIONS“TRUE/FALSE”AND“RIGHT/WRONG”THEYCANNOTDEALWITHPARADOXESTHESTATEMENT“ALLCRETANSARELIARS”,SPOKENBYTHECRETANEPIMENIDES,CREATESAPROBLEMTHATCANNOTBESO
22、LVEDWITHARISTOTELIANLOGICSINTHEMIDDLEAGESONETOLDTHEFOLLOWINGLITTLESTORYTOTHEBEGINNERSINPHILOSOPHY,INWHICHEPIMENIDESENTERSTHESCENEONLYINTHEFORMOFABARBERABARBERCANSHAVEALLINHABITANTSINHISLITTLEVILLAGEWHOCANNOTSHAVETHEMSELVESBUTWHATDOESTHEBARBERDOWITHHIMSELFIFHEWANTSTOSHAVEHIMSELFHECANTSHAVEHIMSELFFORI
23、FHEAGREESTOTHESTATEMENTTHATSAYSTHATHECANONLYSHAVETHOSEWHOCANTSHAVETHEMSELVES,HECANTSHAVEHIMSELFEVENTHOUGHONTHEOTHERHANDHECANSHAVEHIMSELFASHEISABARBERWESTERNSCIENCEWASINDEEDUNABLETOLOGICALLYDEALWITHPARADOXESANDWHATDOESONEDOWHENONECANTLOGICALLYDEALWITHATHINGORAPERSONONETRIESTORIDICULEHIMORHERANDIMPOSE
24、SABANANDBOTHDIDINFACTHAPPENTHROUGHOUTTHEENTIREMIDDLEAGESONEMADEFUNOFTHELYINGCRETANANDOFTHECONSTANTLYGROWINGBEARDOFTHEBARBEROR,JUSTASJUGGLINGWASFORBIDDENINSOMEAREASOFEUROPEFORRELIGIOUSANDMORALREASONS,ONEIMPOSEDABANONPARADOXESBECAUSETHEYWERESEENASINFRINGINGUPONTHELAWSOFGODANDOFNATURETHEDEVILWASCONSIDE
25、REDTHEFATHEROFTHEPARADOX,BECAUSEASAFALLENANGEL,HEREPRESENTEDACONTRADICTIONINHIMSELF,WHICHTHENGOETHELETSMEPHISTOANSWERTOFAUSTSQUESTIONASTOWHOHEWASA“PARTOFTHATPOWERTHATWOULDALWAYSWORKEVIL,BUTALWAYSENGENDERSGOOD”TOPRONOUNCETHEMODERNSCIENTIFICVERDICTABOUTPARADOXESWASLEFTTOBERTRANDRUSSELLANDALFREDNORTHWH
26、ITEHEADINTHEPRINCIPIAMATHEMATICA,ANDWITHTHATSCIENCESAVEDITSELFINMODERNTIMESCONCLUSIVELYONTHESIDEOFTHESEEMINGLYSAFEGROUNDOFMORALITYTHETHEORYTHATIHAVECHOSENWITHITSIMPLICITETHICSDOESNOTCLAIMANYTRUTHNORLOYALTYTOSOMEMASTER,GURU,SECRETARYGENERAL,ORREDEEMEREVENWHATIMPORTANTCONSTRUCTIVISTTEACHERSLIKEHEINZVO
27、NFOERSTER,HUMBERTORMATURANA,ERNSTVONGLASERSFELD,PAULWATZLAWICKUNDNIKLASLUHMANNSAYORSAIDISINTERESTINGFORMEONLYASLONGITISUSEFULINTHEPROCESSOFMAKINGRIGIDSITUATIONSFLEXIBLEIFITISNOTUSEFULINTHATRESPECTITDOESNOTINTERESTMEMYRESPONSIBILITYASASOCIALWORKERMEANSTOMEPRECISELYANINCREASEDATTENTIONANDPRECISELYTHIS
28、INTELLIGENTFLEXIBILITYRESPONSIBILITYMEANSBEINGATTENTIVE,BEINGPRESENTWITHMYSELFANDMYCLIENTSMEANSDISSOLVINGCONSTANCYINTHESOLUTIONOFINCREASEDPOSSIBILITIES,MEANSAFREEINGFROMCERTAINTY,ONLYTOOFFERSOLUTIONS,ASANOFFERINGANDNOTASACOMMANDASAFURTHERFORMOFTHEETHICALIMPERATIVEICANSAYTOMYSELF“HEINZKERSTING,BESURE
29、THATANEVENTREMAINSANEVENTANDDOESNOTBECOMEPARTOFWHATREMAINSCONSTANTORWORDEDMOREPARADOXICALLYHEINZ,SEETOITTHATANEVENTBECOMESAPERSISTENTEVENT”INTHISSENSEITISPARTOFMYOPINIONOFSOCIALWORKTHATITCONFUSESRESTRICTING“WORLDVIEWS”THATHAVEBECOMEUSELESS,OREXPRESSEDMOREMETHODICALLY,MOREELEGANTLY,THATITPLANFULLYCON
30、FUSESBARDMANNETAL,1991KERSTING,1992,TRANSLATEDBYMONIKABROECKER“EINSTURZENDENEUBAUTEN”COLLAPSINGNEWBUILDINGSAND“ERSTEALLGEMEINEVERUNSICHERUNG”FIRSTGENERALALIENATIONARETHENAMESOFTWOMUSICALGROUPSINGERMANY,WHOSENAMESFITTHISACTIVITYTOMYUNDERSTANDINGSOCIALWORKSJOBISNOTONLYTOIRRITATEBUTALSOTOMOTIVATEANDTOD
31、EVELOPBUTBEWAREOFTHETERM“DEVELOP”COMINGFROMPAEDAGOGYITISSUSPECTDEVELOPINGISNOTTOBETHOUGHTOFASPROGRESSDEVELOPMENTISNOTMEANTTOBELINEARBUTCIRCULARIWANTTOUNDERSTANDDEVELOPINGINTHEOLDESTFORMOFTHEMEANINGOFTHEWORD,WHICHTHENCONNOTESINTHEGERMANLANGUAGEDIAPER,SWADDLINGWRAPPING,DIAPERBABIES,INVOLVING,ENVELOPIN
32、GUNDERSTOODLIKETHISTHEWORDDEVELOPINGBELONGSTOTHEVOCABULARYOFLIBERATIONDEVELOPINGLIBERATESFROMPROGRESSIVETHINKINGINHISTORY,PAEDAGOGYUNDERSTOODITSELFTOOFREQUENTLYASTHEPRODUCTIONOFDIAPERBABIES。MYNEWRESPONSIBILITY,MYNEWANSWERISIWANTTODEVELOPDIAPERBABIES,UNWRAPTHEMFROMTHEIRDIAPERS,FREETHEMFROMTHEIRDIAPER
33、SATTHESAMETIME,IWANTTOLAYOPENTHEIREXCORIATEDASSESANDREVEALTHESHITOFCOURSE,THISSTINKSFORAMOMENTBUTWASHINGHASACATHARTICALFUNCTIONMAYBETHEDEVELOPEDONECANTHENUSEHISSHITFORANOTHERPURPOSEBUTTOHIDEITFROMHIMSELFORHERSELFANDOTHERSAFTERALLWEKNOWTHATINSOMECULTURESSHITISUSEDASBURNINGMATERIALORFERTILIZERWHENONER
34、EFRAMESITSHITOFTENBECOMESUSEFULTOTHISSOCIALWORKACTIVITYTHENAMESOFOTHERMUSICBANDSFITQUITEWELL“THECURE”,“THESISTERSOFMERCY”OR“THEMAMASBRADMANN，1996KERSTING，1997，PP2531被认为是理论上的东西。第二阶控制论交付后，理论基础为监督的效用由于一个沉思的工具迄今“只有”经历在实践中。现在社会工作者是了无新意的，因为他们一直认为社会是在条款下的相互依存关系，就如在早期的图表中圆圈表示出来的意思。它将关心重读社会工作的杰作，例如，珍亚当斯，爱丽丝所
35、罗门，伯莎雷诺兹，费利克斯个案工作中相当重视专业关系在服务过程中的重要性，路易斯罗丽，吉姆格兰德，亚历克斯吉特曼为这方面。控制论认为明确地抵触“科学的基本原则论述，命令观察员分割那客观性原则检查员的特征，应该不进入描述观。（冯弗尔斯特，1993B，P。64翻译由莫妮卡布若克）。客观描述表现得好象检查员做不存在。然而，当我观察检查员的和我观察我自己时，由于我自己作为一个观察员在观察一些事物时可以置身事外。当我作为检查员成为检查的一部分的时候，作为检查员的我总是做得很好。这个奇怪的过程，在我看来同任何科研都有着联系，由于这个“目标”似乎都是这样的。科学理论通常被称为真理。他们根据亚里士多德逻辑学分
36、辨真假与对错的差别，但他们不能解决矛盾。克里特埃庇米尼得斯所说的“所有的克里特岛人都是说谎者”的观点，就创造了一个不能被亚里士多德逻辑学解决的问题。中古时代一个人下面所讲的一个小故事是哲学的开端，埃庇米尼得斯进入这样一个情景，成为一个理发师。理发师能为他所在的小镇里所有的居民理发，但却不能为自己理发，那么他能为自己做什么呢如果他想自己理发却不能为自己理发，因为如果他同意这个观点就说明他能够为那些不会理发的人理发，却不能为自己理发，即使另一方面作为一个理发师他能够为自己理发。西方科学是真得不能逻辑地处理矛盾。当一个人不能在逻辑上处理一件事或一个人时，他该做什么呢有人会试着嘲笑他或她并强制实行禁令
37、，但事实上两者却都有发生。在整个中古时代，有人嘲笑说谎的克里特岛人和不停长胡子的理发师。或者，正如欺骗在有些欧洲的地区因为宗教和道德被禁止，在矛盾上强加禁令是因为他们会被看见侵犯上帝和自然的法律。恶魔被认为是矛盾之父，作为一个掉落的天使，他本身就代表矛盾，当时歌德让墨菲斯托回答浮士德的问题他是谁邪恶总会出现在部分权力上，但若这部分权力一直存在则会变好。宣布关于矛盾现代科学的裁决留给了研究数学原理的罗素和怀特海，接着在近代就科学保存本身最后也失误于貌似安全合理的道德。我所选择的理论与它暗含的道德并不想说明任何真理或者忠于一些大师，领袖，秘书长或救主。甚至那些重要的建设性的老师像海因茨冯福斯特、温
38、贝托河马托拉纳、恩斯特福、保罗维塔卢曼有限公司都说这只是一个兴趣，不过灵活地创造一些可笑的情景是有用的。如果因为尊重而变得没用就不会让我有兴趣。作为一名社会工作者我的责任就是想要提高注意和智能的灵活性，责任即是要留心，展现自己，而我的顾客则是在一些固定不变的解决可能性中依然难以解决，意思是自由地在肯定的方法中选择，只是提供方法，只是一个帮助而不是命令。作为一个未来的道德形式我可以对自己说“亨氏，一个事件可以保留一个事件，但当成为一个部分时就难以继续保持不变。或措辞更自相矛盾亨氏，证明一个事件能成为一个一贯事件”在这个意义上我对社会工作的部分意见即迷惑限制“世界观”那就成为无用，或表达更有条不紊
39、，更优雅，它计划迷惑其他人，1991KERSTING，1992，翻译由莫妮卡布若克。崩溃新建筑，“发布者蔼维陈斯特”第一的将领异化刑名二音乐团体在德国，谁的名称适合这个活动。我认为社会工作不仅刺激而且是发展的。然而要注意术语“开发”，来自佩达，它是令人质疑的，开发不能设想作为进展。我想弄明白发展最老形式的的意思当时意味着在德语中的意思是尿布，襁褓包，尿布婴儿。这样理解的话发展属于解放的词汇，发展中国家的解放来自于思想的进步。在历史上，教育学了解本身过于频繁作为襁褓包。我的新责任，我的新答案我想取消发展中婴儿的尿布，解开他们的尿布，他们摆脱尿布，同时，我要摊开自己的严厉指责，揭示了驴粪。当然，这
40、个时候很臭，但有一个导泻功能的洗衣机，可能开发了一个可以用于其他目的做出的东西，但是为了逃避自己或他人。毕竟我们知道，一些狗屎文化是作为燃烧材料或用作肥料，一个重复的构架它往往成为有用的狗屎。为了达到这个社会实践活动，其他乐队的名字十分吻合的很好“治愈率”，“姐妹们的怜悯”，或“妈妈们的暨帕帕斯”。与该圈结束后，我的论文，在那里我可能对老字号的道德实践中隐含的“母性的人”的社会工作者交谈的开始。重要的是，我作为一个社会工作者不放在一个谁也被取消发展的婴儿尿布。我记得当时一些句子，谈到了“自我决定权的客户端”和有关“帮助到自助，那个时候社会工作还是相当年轻的一个专业。可能发展是搜索其他衣服在他的衣柜，或者是“皇帝的新衣”，裸体作为阿西西的圣佛朗西斯。谁奠定了他父亲的基础，当后者指控不服从主教之前，那就有法庭决定。
