1、Unit11、whereby; 2. Pursuit; 3. Inhibit; 4. Maintain; 5. Patriotic; 6. Transcended; 7.endeavors; 8. Dedication; 9. Prestige; 10.nominate1. Most cities in the country have introduced（引进） “Clean Air Zones“ whereby（凭此；借以） factories（工厂） and households （家庭）are only allowed to burn（燃烧） smokeless fuel（无烟燃料）
2、.中国的大多数城市都设立了“清洁空气区” ，工厂和家庭只能使用无烟燃料。2. He knows that the pursuit（n. 追求） of social status（地位） can consume（vt. 消耗） vast amounts of his time and effort（努力）.他知道追求社会地位会耗费他大量的时间和精力3. The doctors are at a loss because so far（到目前为止，迄今为止 ） no medicine（药物） has been found to inhibit the spread（传播） of the disea
3、se（疾病）.医生们不知所措，因为到目前为止还没有发现能抑制疾病传播的药物。4. We see many Special education directors（导演，主管，董事长） trying to maintain （维持）the quality（质量） of their programs with much less money and much smaller staff（职员）.我们看到许多特殊教育主管试图用更少的钱和更少的员工来维持他们项目的质量。5. People there are told it is their patriotic （爱国的） duty（责任） to su
4、pport the national economy（经济） by buying their own products.人们被告知，通过购买自己的产品来支持国家经济是他们的爱国义务。6. Darwins thinking both drew upon（总结） and transcended （超越）the conventional（传统的） ideas of his time.达尔文的思想既借鉴又超越了他那个时代的传统思想。7. In spite of （尽管）all your endeavor（努力）, there may be times when you encounter （遭遇）di
5、fficulties in the training（培训） process.尽管你做了很多努力，但在培训过程中你可能会遇到困难。8. My advice to Mr. Stewart is to think carefully before entering into a career（生涯；职业）in medicine, as this is a field（领域） which requires（需要） a lot of dedication （奉献）and long working hours.我给 Stewart 先生的建议是在进入医学领域之前仔细考虑一下，因为这是一个需要大量奉献和长
6、时间工作的领域。9. Most Chinese parents would prefer to choose some professions（职业） that are stable（稳定） and could bring prestige （声望）and economic benefits.大多数中国父母更愿意选择一些稳定、能带来声望和经济效益的职业。10. It is legally（adv. 合法地；法律上） possible for an elderly （adj. 上了年纪的；过了中年的；稍老的）person to nominate（vt. 推荐；提名；任命；指定） someone
7、to act for them, should they become incapable（没有能力的） of looking after themselves.在法律上，如果一个老人没有能力照顾自己，他就有可能提名一个人来为他们做事。1. removed from; 2. Failed in; 3. in the pursuit of; 4. deviated from; 5. precludes, from; 6. triumph over; 7. work their way into; 8. written off1. When Francis got back after Easte
8、r, he was far behind（被抛在后面） his classmates and he was removed from（被移除） the second into the third class at this own desire（要求） .当弗朗西斯在复活节后回来的时候，他远远落后于他的同学，他被按照自己的意愿从二等升到了三等。2. The president acknowledged（v. 承认；确认） that he had somehow failed in （失败）his ability to communicate to the American people.总统承
9、认他在与美国人民沟通的能力上有些失败3. Unfortunately, as history has shown, some of the companies （n. 公司，企业；伙伴）are guilty （adj. 有罪的；内疚的）of misconduct in the pursuit of（为了追求） profit（利润）.不幸的是，正如历史证明的那样，一些公司在追求利润时存在不当行为。4. The ship deviated from （偏离）the agreed voyage（航线） and arrived about 10 days late and in the meantim
10、e（与此同时） the price of sugar（糖） had fallen（v. 落下；跌倒） and the merchants（商人） lost over $4000.船偏离同意航行并且迟到了 10 天左右 ,在此期间糖的价格下降，商人损失了超过 4000 美元5. Because the transcript（ n. 成绩单；抄本，副本；文字记录） is still under seal（盖上公章）, the law precludes them from reading and discussing the evidence（证据） in detail.因为这份笔录还盖章，法律禁
11、止他们详细阅读和讨论证据6. In carrying out（执行） the plan we are likely to come across （v. 偶遇；无意中发现）difficulties, but we are determined（坚决的） to（下定决心） triumph over （击败）them all.在执行计划时，我们很可能遇到困难，但我们决心要战胜它们。7. Without increasing investment（n. 投资；投入） in education, it will be increasingly （adv. 越来越多地；渐增地）difficult for
12、 low-income people to work their way into the middle class（中产阶级） .如果不加大对教育的投资，低收入人群进入中产阶级的难度将越来越大。8. All the passengers（乘客） in the plane that crashed（坠毁） in the middle of the Andes Mountains a week ago were written off（被认为） as dead（死亡）.一周前在安德斯山中部坠毁的飞机上的所有乘客都被认定已经死亡。Unit21. intervene; 2. underestimat
13、e; 3. recede; ;4. deem; 5. bleak; 6. appraise; 7. paralyzed; 8. symptoms; 9. dismay; 10. brink1. Kids are more likely to intervene（干涉，介入） in a situation if they believe their parents expect（期望） them to help.如果孩子们相信他们的父母希望他们帮忙，他们更有可能介入。2. The first lesson I learned as a newcomer for the company was n
14、ever to underestimate （vt. 低估；看轻）degree of difficulty（难度系数） I would face in career advancement.（进步，发展）作为公司的新人，我学到的第一课就是永远不要低估自己在职业发展中所面临的困难。3. Just as I started to think that I was never going to get well（恢复健康）, the illness （疾病）began to recede.（减弱）就在我开始认为我永远不会康复的时候，疾病开始消退 4. Whatever the decision is
15、, I would like you to know that your department is my first choice and I deem （认为） it a great honor（荣誉） if I could study in your department.无论决定是什么，我希望你知道你的部门是我的首选，如果我能在你的部门学习，我将感到非常荣幸5. During one particularly（其中特别） bleak（荒凉的、暗淡的） moment（时刻） in my career, a senior colleague（同事） of mine（我的） said to
16、me, “If you follow your dreams, the money will come. Follow the money, and youll lose your dreams.“在我职业生涯中一个特别黯淡的时刻，我的一位高级同事对我说， “如果你追逐梦想，钱就会来。 ”跟着钱走，你就会失去梦想6. Unless we can find a way to appraise （评价、评估） nature and then invest in protecting it, our basic life-support systems are going to collapse（坍
17、塌）.除非我们能找到一种评估自然并投资保护自然的方法，否则我们的基本生命维持系统将会崩溃。7. The blizzard（暴风雪） moved south , turning into（转变成） an icy（冰冷的） rain that paralyze（使瘫痪） the airports for three days.暴风雪向南移动，变成了一场冰冷的雨，使机场瘫痪了三天。 8. In this introduction we have diagnosed（被诊断为） some of the causes （原因）of the illness and, in the following ch
18、apters（下一章） , we will draw attention to（ 吸引对的注意力） its various（adj. 各种各样的；多方面的 ） unpleasant symptoms.（症状）在这篇介绍中，我们已经诊断出了一些致病的原因，在接下来的章节中，我们将注意到它的各种不愉快的症状。9. In those days, divorce（离婚） under any circumstances （在任何情况下；无论如何）was socially unacceptable （adj. 不能接受的；不受欢迎的 ）and there was great dismay （沮丧）in t
19、he family who went through it（经历过这些）.在那些日子里，任何情况下的离婚在社会上都是不可接受的，这让经历过这一切的家庭非常沮丧。10. Every time she talked about being rejected（拒绝） in her hunt for a job, she seemed on the brink（边缘） of tears（泪水）, and I would quickly switch（转换） the conversation（交谈） to another topic.每次她说自己在找工作时被拒绝时，她似乎都快哭出来了，我很快就把话题转到
20、另一个话题上。1. pulled to a stop; 2. black out; 3. pop up; 4. stopped short; 5. plowed through; 6. threw himself into; 7. let yourself go; 8. grabbed for1. When the bus pulled to a stop（停下） and I got off（下车）, I was relieved （如释重负）because I had finished school and I had the weekend ahead of（在， ，之前） me to e
21、njoy myself.当公共汽车停了下来，我下了车，我如释重负，因为我已经完成了学业，而且我还有一个周末要去享受。2. When my car crashed（撞上） into the big tree, I could feel the blood draining from my face and I wondered whether I was about to black out.（中断，昏迷）当我的车撞到那棵大树时，我能感觉到脸上的血在流，我不知道自己是不是要昏过去了。3. All kinds of questions concerning（涉及） the soaring hous
22、ing price（房价飙升） begin to pop up （突然出现）on cable television and the blogosphere (博客圈).各种各样的问题关于飞涨的房价开始出现在有线电视和博客圈(博客圈)4. The soldiers rapid（快速行军） march was stopped short（打断） by the generals command; （将军的指令）they were uncertain whether to go back or forward（冲锋）.士兵们的快速行军被将军的命令打断了。他们不知道是后退还是前进。5. A car cr
23、ashed into the side of a house after the driver lost control and plowed through （费力的通过）a hedge ( 树篱).一辆车撞到一所房子的侧面后司机失去控制, 费力的通过树篱。6. Charles reappeared(再出现), after half an hours absence（缺席）, and threw himself into （ 扑向）an armchair, where he lay back for some time with his eyes shut.查尔斯离开半个小时后又出现了，他扑
24、到一把扶手椅上，闭着眼睛躺了一会儿。7. No special equipment is needed other than inspiring（鼓舞人心）, motivating（激励的） music that you can dance passionately to and let yourself go.（放松自己）没有什么特别的设备是需要的，除了鼓舞人心的音乐，你可以激情地跳舞，放松自己。8. As her door began to open , she grabbed for （抓住）the telephone, and then dropped（放下） the receiver
25、（听筒） as Luke walked in.当她的门再次打开时，她抓起电话，然后在卢克走进去的时候把听筒放下。Unit31. integral; 2. cherish; 3. afflicted ; 4. noteworthy; 5. portray; 6. compliment; 7. domain; 8. anonymous; 9. conscientious; 10. perpetual1. As a number of authors point out（指出，指明）, the urge （n. 强烈的欲望）to migrate（移民） is a(n) integral （部分）pa
26、rt of human nature.正如许多作者指出的那样，移民的冲动是人性不可分割的一部分2. Children should be allowed to cherish（珍爱） those few years of innocence（天真） before they real world have to learn the truth about the real world.应该让孩子们珍惜这几年的纯真，然后他们才能真正了解现实世界的真相。3. He has been afflicted （折磨）by a horrible（可怕的） disease, from Which one of
27、 his best friends died two weeks ago.他患有一种可怕的疾病，两周前他最好的一个朋友死于这种疾病。4. The results of the survey are noteworthy（adj. 值得注意的；显著的） and useful despite（尽管） being from a small sample.这项调查的结果是值得注意的和有用的，尽管是从一个小样本5. The director said that they needed a young actress（女演员） who could portray（扮演） someone who was b
28、oth unbalanced and confident at the same time.导演说他们需要一个年轻的女演员来扮演一个既不平衡又自信的人。6. Praise（表扬，称赞） must be used wisely（明智地） to compliment （称赞）students who perform （vt. 执行；）up to expectations（期望） and to encourage students to perform to maximum level.表扬必须被明智地用来赞扬那些表现达到期望的学生，并鼓励学生发挥到最高水平。7. In the domain （领域
29、）of research, it is an accepted（公认） fact that scientific publications（出版物） have to be written or translated into English to get published（出版）, acknowledged, and cited（引用）.在研究领域，一个公认的事实是，科学出版物必须被书写或翻译成英语才能出版、承认和引用。8. He received a(n) anonymous （匿名的）call threatening（恐吓） to disclose（公开） details （细节）of
30、his affair（私事） if he didnt pay the money.他收到了一个匿名电话威胁披露他的细节如果他不支付这笔钱。9. The movie presents Lincoln as a strong-willed, conscientious （尽责的）man who led the US through a moral, constitutional（宪法的） and political（政治的） crisis（危机）.这部电影把林肯描绘成一个意志坚强、尽职尽责的人，带领美国度过了一场道德、宪法和政治危机10. It is understandable that the
31、 health and welfare（福利） of their family is a(n) perpetual （永久的）concern for this young couple.可以理解，他们家庭的健康和福利是这对年轻夫妇永远关心的问题1. embark on 2. be deprived of; 3. turn down; 4. taken captive; 5.live on;6. share in; 7. was stricken by; 8. led by example1. Clearly, most of the students there are full time w
32、orkers（全职工） who would not otherwise （另外的）have sustained （维持）been able to embark on （从事）sustained further study.显然，那里的大多数学生都是全职工作者，否则他们无法继续进行持续的深造。2. The court（法院） ruled that this man be deprived of（被剥夺） his political rights for a further four years after he has served（服役） his 13-year sentence（判决）.法院
33、裁定，在这名男子被判 13 年徒刑后，他的政治权利将被剥夺 4 年。3. I would love to have kids. I would turn down （拒绝）an Oscar to see my boy at a baseball game or my girl at a song recital（演唱）.我喜欢孩子。我会拒绝奥斯卡奖去看我的儿子在棒球比赛或我的女孩在歌曲独奏会上。4. Richard was finally released（释放） on February 4, one year and six weeks after hed been taken captiv
34、e（关押）理查德最终在 2 月 4 日被释放，一年零六个星期后他被俘虏5. She hoped Vincent would understand that her life had not been empty（adj. 空的；无意义的；无知的；徒劳的）, because her love would live on （继续存在）.她希望文森特能理解她的生活并不是空虚的，因为她的爱会继续存在。6. All people, whether they be rich or poor, strong or weak, privileged（adj. 享有特权的；有特别恩典的） or deprived
35、（adj. 缺少食物的；缺乏足够教育的）, are interdependent（adj. 相互依赖的；互助的）, and share in（分担） the common task of seeking to（追求） achieve（获得） mankinds（人类的） full potential（潜能）.所有人，不论贫富、强弱、贫富、贫富，都是相互依存的，都有实现人类全部潜力的共同任务。7. In September 1944 he was able to（能够） return to his academic（学术的） duties, but soon after the war ended
36、 he was stricken by （受灾，患病） a serious（严重的） illness and did relatively little research thereafter (从那以后).1944 年 9 月，他得以重返学术领域，但战争结束后不久，他患上了重病，此后几乎没有做过什么研究。8. She retired from（从.退休） the company where she has led by example（以身作则） and been a source（源泉，水源） of encouragement to others.她从她所领导的公司退休了，并成为了鼓励他人
37、的源泉。Upulsory ; 2. contemplate ; 3. imprisoned; 4. globalize ; 5. offset6. groan ; 7. stubborn ; 8.cluster ; 9.ambiguity ; 10.consoled1. Although secondary（中等的） education is compulsory（必修的）, parents are not required to send their children to state schools（公立学校） .虽然中等教育是强制性的，但是父母不需要把孩子送到公立学校。2. The ec
38、onomic（经济的） situation has been worsening（恶化）, causing economists（经济学着） to contemplate （沉思，注视）whether the present（当前的） policies are sustainable.经济形势一直在恶化，这让经济学家们开始思考当前的政策是否具有可持续性。3. He was found guilty（被认定为有罪） and was imprisoned（囚禁） in the Tower of London, where he died very quickly, aged only 47.他被判
39、有罪并被囚禁在伦敦塔，在那里他很快死去，年仅 47 岁。4. It is obvious that the future of the Internet is to globalize（vt. 使全球化） more and more areas of the world, and that e-commerce(电子商务) and e-entertainment(电子娱乐) are going to go for more and more markets.很明显，互联网的未来是使世界上越来越多的地区全球化，电子商务和电子娱乐将走向越来越多的市场。5. However, your curren
40、t（现在的） losses should soon be offset（vt. 抵消；弥补） by gains; the fund（基金） will produce a positive return of 11.6 percent over a nine month period.（ n. 周期，期间；时期）但是，你目前的损失很快就会被收益所抵消;该基金将在九个月内产生 11.6%的正回报。6. Because she was so tall and slim, all the clothes looked marvelous （adj. 了不起的；非凡的；令人惊异的；不平常的）on her
41、 and the other girls would groan their envy.因为她长得又高又瘦，所有的衣服在她身上都很好看，其他的女孩子都会羡慕她。7. This can be a helpful approach（方法途径） in discussion- someone may regard（看待） you as stubborn since you never want to change your mind, whereas you see yourself as determined.这可能是一种有益的讨论方式 有人可能认为你很固执，因为你从来不想改变自己的想法，而你却认为
42、自己是坚定的。8. On weekends, the school parking lot is almost empty（空的） except（prep. 除之外） that a few cluster（vt. 使聚集） cars near the entrance（入口）.周末的时候，学校的停车场几乎空无一人，只有几辆车停在门口附近。9. In the photographers finest（adj. 好的，出色的（fine 的最高级） ） pictures there is also a degree（程度） of ambiguity（n. 含糊；不明确；暧昧；模棱两可的话） whic
43、h allows them to be interpreted （v. 理解；解释）in a variety of ways.在摄影师最出色的作品中，也存在一定程度的模糊性，这使得它们可以以多种方式进行解释。10. Tim stretched out（伸出） a hand in apology for his thoughtless remarks（言辞） and was consoled（安慰） by a firm（坚定的） handshake（握手） from Mark.蒂姆伸出一只手，为自己轻率的言论道歉，马克坚定的握手安慰了他。1、Settle for; 2.more often th
44、an not; 3.mingled with; 4.traded for; 5.was saturated with; 6.are open to; 7. Endowed with; 8. make up for1、 Virginia was a perfectionist（完美主义者）. She was just not prepared（准备） to settle for（无奈接受；勉强同意） anything that was second best.维吉尼亚是一个完美主义者。她只是不准备接受任何次等的东西。2、 He could be quite（adv. 很；相当；完全） casua
45、l（随意的） in his attitude to his wifes anxiety（n. 焦虑；渴望）, and more often than not（通常；多半） failed to let her know when he would be back from a business trip（出差）.对于妻子的焦虑，他的态度可以相当随意，而且常常会让她知道他什么时候出差回来。3、 “Youll kill yourself with those things,“ Arty said in a tone（语气） in which disappointment （失望的）was mingl
46、ed with（混合） disgust（厌恶）.“你会用这些东西自杀的， ”亚蒂说，语气中夹杂着失望和厌恶。4、 Thanks to modern transportation, agricultural（农业的） products in these remote（遥远的）mountainous（多山的） regions（地区） can also be traded for （交易）goods.由于现代交通，这些偏远山区的农产品也可以用来交换商品5、 As the market was saturated with（被所饱和） a wide variety of goods, the econ
47、omy （经济）became more balanced and the competition（竞争） forced the prices down.当市场被各种各样的商品饱和时，经济变得更加平衡，竞争迫使价格下降。6、 Going with the flow doesnt mean that we dont know where were going; it means that we are open to （是开放的） multiple（多重的） ways of getting there.随波逐流并不意味着我们不知道我们要去哪里;这意味着我们对实现目标的多种途径持开放态度7、 The
48、 athlete had been endowed with（被赋予） long legs and a persistent（adj. 固执的，坚持的；持久稳固的） temperament （性格）so he was very successful.这位运动员天生腿长，性情坚韧，所以他很成功。8、 The wrongly accused man（被告人） asked for extra compensation（赔偿） to make up for（补偿） the stress he had suffered during the case.被冤枉的人要求额外的赔偿以弥补他在案件中所承受的压力
49、。Unit51. gauged; 2. dedicate; 3. commonplace; 4. suffice; 5. revenue; 6.simultaneous; 7.incentive; 8.prone; 9. innovations; 10.fostered1. The general considered all the information that had been gathered （集中）and gauged （v. 测量；判定；校准）what possible moves the enemy（敌人） might make before issuing （发布）his orders.将军考虑了收集到的所有信息，并在发布命令之前估计了敌人可能采取的行动。2. The new president said she would dedicate （vt. 致力；献身；题献）herself to protecting the rights（权利） of the old and the homeless, who are otherwise helpless and vulnerable.（adj. 易受攻击的，易受
