1、第第 10讲讲 两次世界大战期两次世界大战期间的新闻宣传间的新闻宣传 外国新闻传播史 一、十月革命与苏联媒介体系一、十月革命与苏联媒介体系的建立的建立n 布尔什维克报刊n 工人报 n 火星报 （ Sparks）n 真理报 列宁的报刊思想列宁的报刊思想n 集体的宣传者、鼓动者、组织者n 党性n 群众性n 真实性n 公开性FEBRUARY 1917 Bread riots Revolution Tsar abdicates Duma forms Provisional GovernmentTHE PROVISONAL GOVERNMENT Carries on the war Tries to s
2、et up a parliamentary government Is led by Kerensky who is weakTHE PEOPLE OF RUSSIA Peasants seize land Soldiers refuse to fight Workers strike for better pay Workers, peasants and soldiers form SOVIETSLENIN AND THE BOLSHEVIKSn The Bolsheviks are COMMUNIST REVOLUTIONARIESn Their slogan is:PEACE,BREA
3、D,LAND,ALL POWER TO THE SOVIETSCHAOSn The Russian Army is heavily defeated by the Germansn Russian soldiers mutinyn Peasants seize more land and attack landownersn Workers striken General Kornilov leads an army to end the revolution and restore the Tsarn He is defeated by workers and peasant militia
4、 led by the Bolsheviks“10 DAYS THAT SHOOK THE WORLD”n The Bolsheviks decide to seize power in October 1917n Leon Trotsky organise a Military Revolutionary Committeen The revolution starts with the storming of the Winter Palace in PetrogradTHE CIVIL WARn Russia is declared the Union of Soviet Sociali
5、st Republics the worlds first workers staten The Communist International is formedn Socialist revolutions in the rest of the world failn “Red Terror” is introducedn For three years the Reds fight the Whitesn Russia is invaded by 14 foreign armiesn The Reds winn Russia is reduced to poverty and starvation
