1、1本科毕业论文外文翻译外文题目LOGISTICSSTRATEGESANDPRACTICESINVENEZUELA出处OPERATIONSGOOLEY,1998,ANDBYTHECONSOLIDATIONOFTHEROADTOMANAOS,BRAZILACOSTAANDCANAKIS,1996OTHERREGIONALHUBSAREUNDERDEVELOPMENTSUCHARETHECASESOFPANAMA,WHEREAPACIFICATLANTICRAILLINKWILLMOVE500,000TEUBY2003WILNER,2000ANDMEXICOWHEREASIMILARLINKISAL
2、SOBEINGBUILTLOGISTICANDDISTRIBUTIONREPORT,20011LOGISTICPOTENTIALOFVENEZUELATHESECOMPARATIVEADVANTAGESAREMARREDBYTHEBACKWARDSTATEOFCOMPETITIVENESSINTHECOUNTRYVENEZUELAHASBEENRANKEDNEXTTOLASTINTHEWORLDCOMPETITIVENESSREPORTIMD,2000FORTHELASTSEVENYEARS,ANDTHISCOULDBEPARTIALLYRELATEDTOVERYSMALLPRODUCTION
3、SCALESANDINEFFICIENTDISTRIBUTIONCHANNELSESQUEDAETAL,1996LOGISTICSTECHNIQUESANDPRACTICESSUCHASCROSSDOCKING,OUTSOURCINGINTRANSPORTATIONANDWAREHOUSING,PROCESSORIENTATIONDRIVENBYERPIMPLEMENTATIONS,ANDCONSIDERABLEINVESTMENTSININFORMATIONTECHNOLOGYCOULDHELPTOIMPROVETHISSITUATION,EVENWHENOTHERADVANCEDPRACT
4、ICESLIKEBENCHMARKING,NETWORKDESIGNANDCOOPERATIVESCHEMESARESTILLLACKINGTHISPROFILEISSIMILARTOTHEONEDESCRIBEDFORLATINAMERICAASAWHOLEBYZINN1996WITHTHISMOTIVATIONASURVEYOFKEYLOGISTICSPLAYERSINVENEZUELAWASCONDUCTED,RESULTINGINAMAPOFCURRENTPRACTICES,STRATEGIESANDLOGISTICSOPPORTUNITIES11THELOGISTICSURVEYTH
5、EINSTRUMENTWASDESIGNEDINMID1998ASPARTOFANACADEMICCOLLABORATIONBETWEEN3ACONSULTINGFIRMATKEARNEYANDABUSINESSSCHOOLIESATHISWASTHEFIRSTLOGISTICPOLLDOCUMENTEDINVENEZUELATHERESPONDENTSFULFILLEDLIKERTTYPESCALESANDNUMERICALQUESTIONSTHEQUESTIONSWEREDESIGNEDTOOBTAINDESCRIPTIVEINFORMATIONONLOGISTICPRACTICES,WH
6、ILEAVOIDINGTHEDISCLOSUREOFSENSIBLEFINANCIALINFORMATIONTHESAMPLEANDPROFILEOFTHEFIRMSATOTALOF384LOGISTICSPROVIDERSANDUSERSWEREINITIALLYCONTACTED,WITH31RESPONSESRECEIVEDBYFEBRUARY1999THELOWPROPORTIONOFRESPONSES8PERCENTISABOUTAVERAGEFORVENEZUELA,WHEREMANYCOMPANIESDONOTHAVEFORMALINFORMATIONSERVICES,ORARE
7、SUSPICIOUSOFDISCLOSINGINFORMATIONRESPONDENTSAREREPRESENTATIVEOFTHEINDUSTRIALANDSERVICESECTORS,EMPLOY820PERSONSINAVERAGEWITHANNUALSALESCLOSETOUS35MILLION,ANDEXPORTSOFABOUT15OFTOTALSALESTHEYTENDTOHAVELARGEORGANIZATIONALSTRUCTURESFORTHEIRSIZES,AVERAGINGSIXHIERARCHICALLEVELSTHISARTICLECONTINUESTHEEXPLOR
8、ATORYSTUDYPREVIOUSLYPERFORMEDBYDIAZANDPEREZ2000THERAWDATAOBTAINEDWASPROCESSEDWITHSTANDARDSTATISTICALMETHODSINCLUDINGCORRELATIONANDFACTORANALYSIS,TOSTUDYTHERELATIONSHIPPATTERNSAMONGTHEVARIABLESINTHESURVEY112LOGISTICSSTRATEGYAMONGKEYRESULTSITWASFOUNDTHATLOGISTICSSTRATEGYISMAINLYCONCERNEDWITHTHEINTEGRA
9、TIONOFTHSUPPLYCHAINLONGTERMRELATIONSHIPSWITHCUSTOMERSANDSUPPLIERS,ONSITESERVICESANDDELIVERYDEPENDABILITY,ASSHOWNINFIGURE1THISISINLINEWITHTHEMEGATRENDSREPORTEDBYBOWERSOX,CLOSSANDSTANK2000FIGURE1KEYSTRATEGICCONSIDERATIONSINVENEZUELANLOGISTICSRESPONSESPEEDWASDESCRIBEDASMOREVALUABLETHANTRANSPORTATIONCOS
10、TS,SUGGESTINGTHATEFFICACYISPREFERREDTOEFFICIENCY,AUSUALTRENDINPROTECTEDMARKETSTHEDEVELOPMENTOFPROPRIETARYDISTRIBUTIONCHANNELSISTHOUGHTOFASSAFERTHANOUTSOURCINGIMPLYINGTHEABSENCEOFRELIABLETHIRDPARTYPROVIDERSTHEMAINPERCEIVEDTHREATSTOLOGISTICSINVENEZUELAAREECONOMICUNCERTAINTYDUETOSHORTTERMECONOMICPOLICI
11、ES,INFRASTRUCTURELIMITATIONSANDHUMANRESOURCESSCARCITYSUPPLIERSSELECTIONPOLICIESREVEALTHEBEHAVIOROFVENEZUELANMANAGERSQUALITY,PRICEANDDEPENDABILITYWEREREPORTEDASTHEKEYINFLUENTIALCHARACTERISTICSTHISLOOKSAGAINASACONSEQUENCEOFTHEUSEOFHIERARCHIESINSTEADOFMARKETSANDCONGLOMERATESSUBCONTRACTINGWITHFIRMSOWNED
12、BYTHESAMEECONOMICGROUP13KEYFACTORSINTHELOGISTICSTRATEGY4THERESPONDENTSOPINIONSABOUTKEYELEMENTSINLOGISTICSWEREPROCESSEDUSINGFACTORANALYSISTABLE1SHOWSTHEASSOCIATIONAMONGLOWTRANSPORTATIONCOSTSCOSTS,RELIABLEPROVIDERSNETWORKNETANDOWNERSHIPOFTHEDISTRIBUTIONCHANNELOUTSOURCINGISVIEWEDASPOSITIVE3PCHANNANDTOT
13、ALOWNERSHIPASNEGATIVEOWNCHANNTHISFACTORCOULDBENAMED“COSTSVIEW”ANOTHERINTERESTINGRELATIONSHIPSHOWEDISAMONGAFTERSALESSERVICESAFTSALES,RELIABLENETWORKSUPPLIERSANDLONGTERMRELATIONSHIPWITHCLIENTSCLIENTSTHISSHOWSLONGTERMDOWNSTREAMCOMMITMENTSTABLE1FACTORANALYSISRESULTSFORKEYELEMENTSINLOGISTICSROTATEDCOMPON
14、ENTMATRIXTHEASSOCIATIONAMONGLOWTRANSPORTATIONCOSTS,SHORTLEADTIMESDELIVERYANDAFTERSALESSERVICESSUGGESTACOMMITMENTTOCUSTOMERSATISFACTIONMOSTOFTHEVARIANCEISCOLLECTEDBYTHETHREEFACTORSDESCRIBEDABOVE,ASSHOWNINAPPENDIX2TABLEA1,EXPLAINEDVARIANCEOFKEYLOGISTICSTRATEGYFACTORSACLEARLYMARKEDRELATIONSHIPBETWEENLO
15、NGTERMRELATIONSHIPWITHCLIENTSANDAFTERSALESSERVICEWASEXPECTEDTHISISEMPIRICALLYPROVEDINTABLE2WHERERESULTSOFALINEARREGRESSIONBECAMESIGNIFICANTATSTANDARDCONFIDENCELEVELSTABLE2LINEARREGRESSIONBETWEENCLIENTSANDAFTSALES2THREATSTOLOGISTICSDEVELOPMENTINVENEZUELACONDUCTINGASIMILARANALYSIS,THEPERCEPTIONSOFACTU
16、ALANDFUTURETHREATSTOTHEDEVELOPMENTOFLOGISTICPRACTICESINVENEZUELAWEREOBTAINEDTHERESULTINGFACTORSCANBEDESCRIBEDASEXTERNALANDINTERNALFIGURE2THREATSTOTHEDEVELOPMENTOFLOGISTICSINVENEZUELAFACTORANALYSISRESULTSAREINCLUDEDINTABLE3THERESPONDENTSRELATEDTHELACKOFTRANSPORTINFRASTRUCTUREINFRAEST,FOREIGNCOMPETITI
17、ONCOMPETIT,ANDDIFFICULTIESIDENTIFYINGFOREIGNMARKETSTOEXPORTUNKNOWNTHISFACTORWASCALLEDEXTERNALENVIRONMENT,ASFIRMSHAVELITTLECONTROLONITTHEOTHERRELEVANTFACTORINCLUDESMACROECONOMICUNCERTAINTYENVIRON,LACKOFADEQUATECUSTOMSERVICESSERVICE,ANDABSENCEOFQUALIFIEDPERSONNELPERSONTHISFACTORWASCALLEDINTERNAL,ORNAT
18、IONAL,ENVIRONMENTTABLE3FACTORANALYSISFORTHREATSTOLOGISTICSDEVELOPMENTTHETOTALEXPLAINEDVARIANCE,SHOWEDINAPPENDIX2TABLEA2ISAPPROXIMATELY57SUGGESTINGSOMELIMITATIONSINTHEEXPLANATORYPOWEROFTHEFACTORANALYSISSUCCESSIVETESTSWEREDONEBUTEACHNEWFACTORONLYCONTAINSONEVARIABLETHERELATIONSOBTAINEDININTERNALENVIRON
19、MENTSUGGESTEDADDITIONALSTUDIES,ASTHEVARIABLEQUALIFIEDPERSONNELDOESNOT5CONTAINANIDENTIFIABLEPATTERNTHISLEADTOCALCULATETHECORRELATIONBETWEENTHOSEVARIABLES,PRESENTEDINTABLE6TABLE4CORRELATIONBETWEENVARIABLESINTERNALENVIRONMENTFACTORSTHEREAPPEARSTOBEASIGNIFICANTCORRELATIONBETWEENENVIRONANDEACHOFTHEOTHERT
20、WOVARIABLES,BUTNORELATIONBETWEENSERVICEANDPERSONITLOOKSLIKEACASEOFSTRUCTURALDEPENDENCYLINKINGTHELATTERPAIRWITHMACROECONOMICUNCERTAINTYSTRUCTURALEQUATIONMODELSCOULDHELPTOCONFIRMTHISHYPOTHESISCRITERIATOSELECTSUPPLIERSTHEMOSTIMPORTANTCRITERIATOSELECTSUPPLIERSFROMTHEHIGHESTTOTHELOWESTDEGREEOFIMPORTANCEA
21、REQUALITY,DELIVERYRELIABILITY,PRICE,RESPONSEFLEXIBILITY,ANDGEOGRAPHICLOCATION,FIGURE3FIGURE3IMPORTANCEOFCRITERIATOSELECTSUPPLIERSDUETOTHESLIGHTDIFFERENCESAMONGTHEFIRSTTHREEACORRELATIONSTUDYWASCONDUCTEDTABLE5THEHIGHVALUESOFCORRELATIONANDSIGNIFICANCEEXPLAINTHEABSENCEOFDOMINANTCRITERIA,WHICHEXPLAINSTHE
22、DIFFICULTIESSUFFEREDBYVENEZUELANFIRMSTRYINGTOESTABLISHSTRATEGICVENTURESFORLONGTERMSUPPLYCHAINPARTNERSHIPSTABLE5CORRELATIONAMONGCRITERIAFORCHOOSINGSUPPLIERSDETERMINATIONOFCUSTOMERSLOGISTICSNEEDSMETHODUSEDTOUNDERSTANDCUSTOMERSNEEDSWERERANKEDTHEFOURMAINMETHODSARECLASSICMARKETINGTOOLSMARKETRESEARCH,CUST
23、OMERSURVEYS,ANALYSISOFSERVICESPROVIDEDBYCOMPETITORSANDFOCUSGROUPSWITHCLIENTSFIGURE4METHODSUSEDTODETERMINECUSTOMERSLOGISTICSNEEDSAGAIN,VENEZUELANCOMPANIESDONOTPERCEIVELONGTERMCOMMITMENTASANIMPORTANTSTRATEGYTABLE6SHOWSSTRONGCORRELATIONAMONGTHEFIRSTTHREETECHNIQUESTABLE6CORRELATIONAMONGLOGISTICREQUIREME
24、NTS3LOGISTICPRACTICESANDTECHNIQUESRESPONDENTSFIRMSVALUEMOREINTEGRATIONWITHSUPPLIERSANDCUSTOMERSCOINCIDENTWITHTHECONFESSEDSTRATEGY,PERFORMANCEEVALUATIONANDBENCHMARKINGTHANMORERECENTPRACTICESLIKEECRBUTTHEUSEOFTHESEPRACTICESISINCONTRADICTIONWITHTHEPERCEIVEDIMPORTANCEFIGURE5,ANDSOACORRELATIONTESTWASPERF
25、ORMEDASPRESENTEDINTABLE9FIGURE5PERCEIVEDIMPORTANCEANDUTILIZATIONOFKEYLOGISTICSPRACTICESANDTECHNIQUESTHESERESULTSSHOWTHELOWPERCEIVEDIMPORTANCEPREFIXEDIMPOFRECENTPRACTICESLIKEECRANDTHEIRRELATIONWITHTHEIRUSAGEPREFIXEDUSEATTENTIONISCAUGHTBYTHEIMPORTANCEASSIGNEDTOINTEGRATIONALONGTHESUPPLYCHAINIMPSUPPLAND
26、IMPCLIENCOMPAREDTOITS6ACTUALAPPLICATIONSPECIALLYWITHSUPPLIERS,ANDTHERELATIONSHIPAMONGPERFORMANCEPERFO,OUTSOURCINGOUTSOANDINTEGRATIONWITHCUSTOMERSCLIENLOGISTICSINTEGRATIONISDESIRED,RATHERTHANIMPLEMENTED,ACCORDINGTOTHESERESULTSTABLE7CORRELATIONAMONGLOGISTICELEMENTSAFACTORANALYSISWASPERFORMEDTOFURTHERS
27、TUDYEXISTINGRELATIONSTABLE8SHOWSRESULTSFORFACTORSANDTABLEA3APPENDIX2THETOTALVARIANCEEXPLAINEDTABLE8FACTORANALYSISOFLOGISTICPRACTICESANDTECHNIQUESTHEFIRMSLINKOUTSOURCINGWITHMORERECENTTECHNIQUESECR,CROSSDOCKING,FROMTHEPOINTOFVIEWOFIMPORTANCETHISIMPLIESAPARTICULARCULTURALPERCEPTIONOUTSOURCINGISANOVELTY
28、INANENVIRONMENTTHATFAVORSVERTICALINTEGRATIONPERFORMANCEISLINKEDWITHEVALUATIONSEVALU,INDICATINGANADEQUATECORRESPONDENCEBETWEENFIRMSPOLICIESANDPRACTICESECRISRELATEDDIRECTLYTOOUTSOURCING,BUTINTHEOPPOSITEDIRECTIONTOTHEUSAGEOFINTEGRATIONWITHSUPPLIERSTHISCONSTITUTESALOGISTICOPPORTUNITYTHEUSEOFBENCHMARKING
29、APPEARSRELATEDTOTHEVARIABLESJUSTMENTIONED,ASATENDENCYTOPERFORMBETTERTHANCOMPETITORSCROSSDOCKINGISLINKEDTOINTEGRATIONINTHEDIRECTIONOFTHESUPPLIER,REFLECTINGEXIGENCIESFROMTHELATTER,MORETHANINITIATIVESFROMTHESUPPLIERTHEIMPORTANCEOFDEVELOPINGANETWORKWITHSUPPLIERSANDCUSTOMERSCONTRASTSWITHTHEOPPOSITERELATI
30、ONASSIGNEDTOOUTSOURCINGTHEPERCEPTIONOFTHEOUTSOURCERASANINTRUDERTOTHENETWORKISSIGNIFICANTANDSUGGESTSCULTURALMISALIGNMENTSTHISTOPICISFURTHEREXPLOREDINTHENEXTSECTIONOUTSOURCINGONLYOUTSOURCINGOFTRANSPORTATIONISBOTHPERCEIVEDASIMPORTANTANDWIDELYUSEDFIGURE6OTHERACTIVITIESSHOWIMPORTANTGAPSBETWEENPERCEIVEDIM
31、PORTANCEANDUSE,DENOTINGTHEIMPLICITCONFLICTBETWEENCONTROLANDEFFICIENCYFIGURE6PERCEIVEDIMPORTANCEANDUTILIZATIONOFOUTSOURCINGTHERANKEDREASONSTOOUTSOURCEWEREFOCUSONCORECOMPETENCIES,IMPROVEMENTINSERVICEQUALITY,BETTERUSEOFRESOURCESANDCOSTREDUCTIONTHERELATIVEPERCEPTIONOFREASONSTOOUTSOURCEPOINTSOUTTOATIGHTR
32、ELATIONBETWEENCOSTREDUCTIONANDEFFICIENTUSEOFRESOURCES,BESIDESTHEASSOCIATIONWITHSERVICEQUALITYIMPROVEMENTTHISSUGGESTSANIMPLICITDIRECTRELATIONBETWEENQUALITYANDCOST,WHICHMAYBECAUSEDBYCULTURALFACTORSTABLE9,ACORRELATIONSTUDY,SHOWSTHERELATIONAMONGTHESEVARIABLESTABLE9CORRELATIONAMONGREASONSTOOUTSOURCETHERE
33、FORETHEQUALITYOFTHEPROVIDEDSERVICEANDEFFICIENCYAREPERCEIVEDASTHEFIRMS7COREOBJECTIVES,ANDNOTCOSTREDUCTIONTHISVIEWCOULDBECAUSEDBYTHERELATIVELYSMALLSIZEOFTHEMARKETINVENEZUELAWHENASKEDTOREPORTWHYNOTTOOUTSOURCE,THERESPONSESSHOWAPARTICULARPATTERNEVERYVARIABLEANALYZEDNONAVAILABLESERVICES,COSTLIER,CONFIDENT
34、IALITY,ANDCONTROLANDLEGALRESTRICTIONSBECOMESINDEPENDENTTHISISSHOWNASACORRELATIONANALYSISINTABLE10,WHICHSHOWSQUITEDIFFERENTIATEDPERCEPTIONSABOUTEACHONEOFTHESURVEYEDVARIABLESTABLE10CORRELATIONAMONGREASONSTOAVOIDOUTSOURCING4INFORMATIONTECHNOLOGYTOSTUDYRELATIONSBETWEENTECHNOLOGYAVAILABILITYAVAPREFIXANDI
35、TSUSEUSEPREFIXSEVENTYPESOFTECHNOLOGICALRESOURCESWEREPROPOSEDTOTHESURVEYEDMANAGERSINTEGRATEDSYSTEMS,BARCODING,TRACKINGFACILITIES,GIS,GPS,EDI,ANDINTERNET/WEBSAMEORDEROFAPPEARANCEINTHERESPECTIVETABLETHEREPORTEDUSAGEWASCONCENTRATEDININTEGRATEDSYSTEMSANDBARCODINGTECHNOLOGYMORETHAN60OFTHERESPONDENTSREPORT
36、EDTHEOTHERRESOURCESASUNKNOWNORNOTUSEDINTHEIRFIRMSHOWNINTHERIGHTAXISOFFIGURE7ASOFCOMPANIESREPORTINGAVAILABILITYOFITTABLE11CORRELATIONAMONGAVAILABILITYANDUSEOFTECHNOLOGYFROMBOTHTABLES,INTEGRATEDSYSTEMSAREPERCEIVEDASINTIGHTRELATIONWITHBARCODING,EDIANDSATELLITEPOSITIONING,BUTONLYLINKEDTOGEOGRAPHICALDATA
37、BASESITCOULDBEABIASCAUSEDBYTHESELLINGSTRATEGIESOFSUCHEQUIPMENTPROVIDERSTRACKINGISASSOCIATEDWITHGEOGRAPHICALDATABASES,INCONTRASTWITHTHEOPPOSITERELATIONSHIPASSIGNEDTOSHAREDAPPLICATIONSWITHSUPPLIERSANDCUSTOMERSTHISPOINTSOUTPOWERCONFLICTSDERIVEDFROMINFORMATIONCONTROLINVENEZUELA,ITISCOMMONTORELATEPOWERTO
38、INFORMATIONACCESSITISIMPORTANTTOMENTIONTHEQUITEPERFECTLYOPPOSITERELATIONSHIPBETWEENTRACKINGAVAILABILITYANDUSAGE,ASADIFFERENTBEHAVIORTHANTHEOBSERVEDWITHGEOGRAPHICALDATABASESWHERETHERELATIONISDIRECTTHEUSEOFINTERNETISPERCEIVEDASASSOCIATEDTOALLTHERECENTTENDENCIESTRACKING,GIS,GPS,EDI,ETCWITHOPPOSITERELAT
39、IONTOTHEUSEOFINTEGRATEDSYSTEMSITLOOKSLIKEINTERNETISVIEWEDASTHEWAYTOAVOIDDIRECTINTEGRATIONEFFORTSSATELLITETECHNOLOGYISLINKEDTOEDI,INTERNETANDTRACKINGTHISCOINCIDESWITHTHESYSTEMSOPERATEDBYSOMEFOREIGNPACKAGECARRIERSATOTALOFEIGHTEXPLANATORYVARIABLESFORTHEADOPTIONOFITWERECONSIDEREDPRECISION,INFORMATIONCOM
40、PREHENSION,SPEED,ACCESSIBILITYALONGTHESUPPLYCHAIN,FACILITIESTODEVELOPINTERNALCOMMUNICATIONS,PROFESSIONALAPPEARANCE,TRANSPARENCY,ANDATTRACTIONANDRETENTIONEFFECTINTHISORDEROFAPPEARANCEINTHE8CORRELATIONTABLETHEMAINREASONSARGUEDBYTHEFIRMSTOUSEINFORMATIONTECHNOLOGYARESPEEDANDPRECISION,CORRELATED,ASISSPEE
41、DANDINTERNALCOMMUNICATIONSRESULTSOFTHESTUDYOFCORRELATIONARESHOWEDINTABLE12TABLE12RELATIONSAMONGREASONSFORUSINGITINLOGISTICSTRANSPARENCYANDACCESSIBILITYARERELATEDTOTHEMARKETATTRACTIONANDRETENTIONEFFECT,WHILETHECOMPREHENSIONOFINFORMATIONISLINKEDTOINTERNALCOMMUNICATIONSTHISPOINTSOUTTOPROVIDINGINFORMATI
42、ONTOINTERNALCLIENTSBUTONLYDATATOEXTERNALONESFUTURETENDENCIESINITUSEWHENASKEDTOIDENTIFYWHICHTECHNOLOGIESAREMORELIKELYTOIMPACTLOGISTICS,RESPONDENTSRANKEDFIRSTPRODUCTTRACKING,ADVANCEDPLANNINGCAPABILITIESAPSTYPEANDAUTOMATED/INTELLIGENTINFRASTRUCTURETHISINDICATESLINKSBETWEENFLEXIBLE/DYNAMICRESOURCEPLANNI
43、NGANDFLEXIBILITYTORESPONDTOPRODUCTINNOVATIONS,INDICATINGATENDENCYTOIMPROVETHEINFORMATIONAVAILABLETOTHECLIENTREPORTEDPERFORMANCEINLOGISTICACTIVITIESALTHOUGHLOGISTICPERFORMANCEISCOMPARABLETOTHEREPORTEDBYTHECOUNCILOFLOGISTICSMANAGEMENTCLM,INTERMSOFLEADTIME,ORDERFILLINGANDPRECISION,THEREAREIMPORTANTGAPS
44、BETWEENTHECUSTOMERSNEEDSANDSUPPLIERSPERFORMANCEANYWAY,INALLTHEREPORTEDCASES,THEPERFORMANCEREQUIREDANDOBTAINEDBYTHECUSTOMERISBETTERTHANTHATREQUIREDANDOBTAINEDBYTHESUPPLIERSTHISSHOWSANIMPORTANTOPPORTUNITYFORATHIRDPARTYTOMANAGETHEWHOLESUPPLYCHAINAVERAGEPERFORMANCEISSHOWNINTABLE175CONCLUDINGREMARKSLOGIS
45、TICPRACTICESADOPTEDINVENEZUELAFOLLOWCONSERVATIVESTRATEGIESTHEMARKETCHARACTERISTICSSMALLSIZE,LACKOFSERVICEPROVIDERSCONSPIREAGAINSTTHEDEVELOPMENTOFOUTSOURCINGPRACTICESTHIS,INONEHAND,ANDTHENEGATIVEPERCEPTIONOFOUTSOURCING,ONTHEOTHER,CREATESOPPORTUNITIESFORTHIRDPARTYLOGISTICSACTIVITIESFOCUSEDONDELIVERING
46、APPROPRIATESERVICESWITHCOSTEFFICIENCYINSTRATEGICALLIANCESASPREDICTEDBYTHEANALYSISTHESEACTIVITIESHAVESLOWLYDEVELOPEDINVENEZUELASINCETHESURVEYTOOKPLACEINFORMATIONTECHNOLOGYTOOLSHAVEBEENSLOWTOADAPTBYLEADINGCOMPANIESTHATDISREGARDRECENTTRENDSANDFAVORTHEUSEOFMATURETECHNOLOGIESHASBEENCHOSENASTHESAFESTSTRAT
47、EGY,EVENWHENTHEREAREIMPORTANTGAPSBETWEENTHECUSTOMERSNEEDSANDTHESERVICESDELIVEREDBYTHESUPPLIERSTHETRANSACTIONALFOCUSOFTHERELEVANTACTORSLIMITSTHELONGTERMVISIONOFTHEBUSINESS,FAVORINGVERTICALINTEGRATIONANDEXCLUDINGANYPOSSIBLE9LOSSOFPOWERTHATCOULDRESULTFROMTHEUSEOFBESTPRACTICESINLOGISTICSINTEGRATIONOFTHE
48、SUPPLYCHAINISTHEKEYPENDINGISSUEINORDERTODEVELOPTHELOGISTICPOTENTIALOFVENEZUELAALTHOUGHSOMEQUALIFIERSAREPRESENTGEOGRAPHICPOSITIONINGANDHUMANRESOURCESAVAILABILITY,THELACKOFINFRASTRUCTUREANDTECHNOLOGYSLOWSDOWNTHEIMPLEMENTATIONOFLOGISTICPRACTICESFOCUSEDONIMPROVINGTHESERVICESDELIVEREDBYMEANSOFCOSTREDUCTI
49、ONANDQUALITYIMPROVEMENT译文委内瑞拉的物流战略与实施ANGELDIAZMATALOBOSCANDIDOPEREZCOSTELA摘要本文介绍了识别委内瑞拉物流商机和主要特点的经验和统计分析。其中的主要结论是物流的保守方法，在受保护的市场，其环境的变化速度超过了行动者的反应速度，限制了现代物流应用的实施。这和其他因素，如地理位置，商品生产和企业战略的确定相比，更被物流实践所需要，这显示了现代物流实施应用的重要机遇。关键词委内瑞拉的物流，保守的方式，现代物流实施引言物流管理已成为业务工具，由于其对现金流和服务质量的影响，已成为一个成功的商业计划的战略工具。完善交货的过程需要其在制造，采购和营销环节之间有一战略眼光，包括组织和环境因素。委内瑞拉，拥有一个充满潜力的地理位置但其运营效率却十分的低（例如，高库存成本，迪亚兹和桑切斯，1996年）且其他低效率的市场和地区对物流的发展特别敏感。这种情况在本文中得到了验证。委内瑞拉的物流，委内瑞拉，一个重要的新兴市场（鲍曼，1998年）由于生产大量商品，其地理位置和相对较低的物流水平绩效推动了先进物流试验平台构建的实施。该国生产的商品包括石油及其衍生物，包括天然气，钢铁，铝和电。这些是由委内瑞拉石油公司分别出资（PDVSA公司），由国有企业负责领导石油和天然气的勘探、生产和交付，并分出部分非核心工作给
