Renal Replacement Therapy Hemodialysis peritoneal dialysis renal transplantation The largest percentage of ESRD patients are treated with in-center hemodialysis.The typical absolute indications uremic encephalopathy uremic serositis (pericarditis or pleuritis) Uremic sensory or motor neuropathy severe and intractable hypervolemia Repeated hyperkalemia uncontrolled with cation exchange resins severe metabolic acidosis (pH 7.3) not controlled with alkali therapy. 1945年9月，荷兰学者Kolff 用血透成功地救治了第一例急性肾衰
