1、初中英语八年级动词不定式与动名词专项练习一、动词不定式的用法1） 作主语 To learn English well is not easy. 或 It is not easy to learn English well.2）作表 My wish is to become a teacher.3）作宾语 Most of us like to watch football matches.4）作宾语补足语 He told me to be here on time.5）作定语 I have nothing to say about that thing.6）作状语 He stopped to h
2、ave a look.否定形式： not + to + 动词原形构成例如：He asked me not to make such a mistake.2、动词不定式与疑问词连用：例如：(1) He doesnt know how to use the machine. (不定式作宾语)(2) How to use the machine is a question. (不定式作主语)(3) The question is when to go there. (不定式作表语)3、省 to 的动词不定式1）使役动词 let, have, make：2）感官动词 see, watch, look
3、at, notice, hear, listen to, smell, feel, find 等后作宾补，省略 to。3）would rather，had better + do 4、不定式的特殊句型：1）tooto：太而不能 He is too excited to speak.2）enough to do：足以做 The child is old enough to go to schooll3）Why not +动词原形“表达向某人提出建议 Why not take a holiday?4）so as (not) to do: 表示目的 Go in quietly so as not t
4、o wake the baby. 二、动词的-ing 形式：1动词的 -ing 形式用作动名词：1）动名词作主语 Walking is good exercise. 走路是很好的运动2）动名词作表语 My favorite sport is swimming. 我最喜欢的运动是游泳。3） 动名词作宾语 She cant help crying at a sad movie. 她看了忧伤的电影禁不住要哭。有些动词和动词短语后只能接动名词作宾语。例如：, finish, mind, practice, be good at, do well in, cant help(禁不住 ), keep on
5、, feel like, look forward to, enjoy ,finish, be busy ,advise ,suggest 等2动词的-ing 形式用作现在分词：-ing 分词通常用作宾语补足语，表示动作正在发生或者正在进行。这种用法通常用在下列动词中：see, hear, find, smell, watch, find, listen to, look at, notice, 例如：1）There we found him watching TV. 我们发现他在那儿看电视。 2）I heard someone knocking at the door. 我听见有人在敲门。
6、1. She reached the top of the hill and stopped _ on a big rock.A. to have rested B. resting C. to rest D. rest2. Do you know the boy _ under the big tree?A. lay B. lain C. laying D. lying3.The students are busy _ ready for the exam now.A. getting B. get C. got D. to get4. - Look! The lights in the c
7、lassroom are still on. - Oh, I forgot _.A. turning them off B. turn them off C. to turn them off D. having turned them off5. He didnt feel like _ out for a walk, because he had caught a cold.A. to go B. goes C. gone D. going6. Youd better _ at home all the time. Its bad for your health.A. dont stay
8、B. no to stay C. not stay D. not staying7. The mother asked the boy _ down the ladder, but he went on _ instead.A. come; climbing B. to come; to climb C. to come; climbing D. coming; climbing8. Is there any time _ to the museum?A. going B. to go C. goes D. gone9. The teacher asked the students to cl
9、ose the windows _the wind from _the papers away.A. to stop; blowing B. stopping; blowing C. to stop; blow D. stopped; blow10. We should do as much as we can _ water. A. for saving B. to save C. save D. saved11. What is the best way do you think _ the wild animals?A. protecting B. to protecting C. pr
10、otected D. to protect12. I think it kind _.A. of him to help me B. for him to help me C. that he help me D. of him helping me13. Its too hot today. Why not _ your coat?A. take on B. to take off C. take off D. taking off14. Boys, dont forget _ the windows before you leave the classroom.A. closing B.
11、closed C. to closing D. to close15. Would you please _ any noise? The baby has just fallen asleep.A. make B. to make C. not to make D. not make16. - Would you please try _ late again? - Sorry, I wont be late again.A. not to be B. to be not C. not be D. be17. Yesterday I heard a story _ by my friend.
12、A. told B. telling C. to tell D. tell18. We cant help crying after _ the sad news.A. hear B. heard C. hearing D. to hear19. - Would you mind _ for a few minutes? - No, not at all.A. wait B. to wait C. waited D. waiting20. I find _ him all about it.A. necessary to tell B. that necessary to C. necessa
13、ry it to tell D. it necessary to tell21. Its very nice _ you to _ me about it.A. for; tell B. of; say C. to; speak D. of; tell22. The son wants his mother _ him up at six oclock every day.A. to ring B. ring C. rings D. ringing23. - I often use Hotmail to send e-mails.- Really? Would you please show
14、me _ it?A. how can I use B. what can I us C. how to use D. what to use24. Tell the boy _ out of the window.A. not to look B. to not look C. dont look D. not look25. Did you hear her _ in the next room just now?A. singing B. sing C. to sing D. sang26. How long does it take you _ your homework every e
15、vening?A. finish doing B. finishing to do C. to finish doing D. finish to do 27. Remember _ the lights when you leave the office.A. to turn off B. turning off C. turn off D. to turning off28. Her hope _ the 2008 Olympic Games.A. to take part in B. is to take part in C. taking part in D. will take pa
16、rt in29.The room isnt big enough _ so many people.A. holding B. hold C. to hold D. holds30. Youd better not spend more time _ computer games.A. for playing B. in playing C. to play D. plays31. It is better to teach a man fishing than _ him fish.A. giving B. to give C. gives D. give32. My sister is i
17、nterested in _ in her free time.A. watch TV B. reading books C. listening music D. plays basketball33. I have caught a cold and I dont feel like _ anything.A. to eat B. eating C. ate D. eats34. I saw him _ into the small store.A. went B. going C. to go D. has gone35. He raised(提高) his voice（嗓音） to m
18、ake everybody in the room _ him clearly.A. hear B. to hear C. hearing D. heard36. I didnt go to the park yesterday because my mother asked me _ my sister at home.A. to look at B. to look for C. looking after D.to take care of37. Their wish is _ a house of their own.（他们自己的）A. to have B. for having C.
19、 have D. of having38. The teacher agreed _ us_ the test papers home.A. to let, take B. to let, to take C. letting, take D. let, take39. When he saw I was in a hurry, he offered _ me his bicycle.A. lending B. lent C. to lend D. in lending40. I dont like_ people _about their neighbours.A. hear, talkin
20、g B. to hear, talking C. to hear, to talk D. hearing, talkedB 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空，使句子完整、正确。1. Li Lei is asking his uncle_(help) him think of a foreign name.2. - Hi! Li Hong. I didnt see you at the party.- Oh, I was busy _(get) ready for the coming exams.3. Its too cold. Lets make a fire _ (warm) ourselv
21、es up.4. The girl _(stand) under the tree is my cousin Kate.5. You dont need _ (worry) about your friend. He is safe at home.6. Why did you keep your brother _ (wait) for a long time that evening?7. I found the door _(close) when I got home.8. When they met again, they were too excited _(say) a word
22、.9. Through the window, I saw some boys _(play) basketball.10. He didnt finish _(write) the book until last week.11. - How long did it take you _(do) your homework yesterday?- About half an hour.12. Let me _(help) you _(water) the flowers.13. My watch doesnt work. It needs _(repair).14. _(take) good
23、 care of the vegetables, and they will grow better.15. How much time did you spend _ (watch) TV last night?16. I prefer _(read) books at home rather than _(go) shopping on Sundays.17. Its going _(rain); youd better _(take) an umbrella with you.18. I often hear people _(say) “_(see) is _(believe)”.1.
24、5 有理数的乘除专题一 与有理数的乘除有关的规律探究题1. 法国的“小九九”从“一一得一” 到“五五二十五”和我国的“小九九”是一样的，后面的就改用手势了.下面两个图框是用法国“小九九”计算 7 8 和 8 9 的两个示例.若用法国“小九九”计算 7 9，左、右手依次伸出手指的个数是( )A.2，3 B.3，3 C.2，4 D.3，42. 观察右面的图形（每个正方形的边长均为 1）和相应等式，探究其中的规律： 21 3 4 5写出第 5 个等式，并在右边给出的五个正方形上画出与之对应的图示：猜想并写出与第 n 个图形相对应的等式.专题二 与有理数的乘除有关阅读问题的探究题3. 阅读下面的材料：
25、计算：.解：应用：根据你对材料的理解，计算： 4.（1）阅读下列材料：计算 21()3065.解法一：12112()()()()30036052516解 原 式 1212()3060515()30610解 法 二 ： 原 式 （ ） （ ）（ ）21()(3165302010解 法 三 ： 原 式 的 倒 数 为 ： =（ ）-+ 所 以 原 式(1)上述解法得的结果不完全相同，你认为解法_是错误的，在正确解法中，你认为解法_较简捷. 13224267（ ） 计 算 （ ） （ ）.专题三 与有理数的乘除有关的应用问题5. 张在办理业务时，约定存入为正，取出为负2012 年 6 月 29 日他
26、办理了 6 件业务：-780 元、-650 元、+1250 元、-310 元、-420 元、+240 元（1）若他早上领取备用金 5000 元，那么下班时应交回银行多少元？（2）若每办一件业务，银行发给业务量的 0.1%作为奖励，那么这天小张应得奖金多少元？6. 小张上周末买进股票 1000 股，每股 20 元，下表为本周每日股票的涨跌情况：星 期 一 二 三 四 五 每股涨跌 +4 +5 -1 -3 -6（1）到本周三，小张所持股票每股多少元？（2）本周内，股票最高价出现在星期几？是多少元？（3）已知小张买进股票时付了 1.5的手续费，卖出时需付成交额 1.5的手续费和 3 的交易税如果小张
27、在本周末卖出全部股票，他的收益如何？状元笔记【知识要点】1. 两数相乘，同号得正，异号得负，并把绝对值相乘；任何数同 0 相乘，都得 02. 乘积是 1 的两个数互为倒数3. (1)几个不等于 0 的数相乘，积的符号由负因数的个数决定当负因数有奇数个时，积为负；当负因数有偶数个时，积为正(2)几个数相乘，有一个因数为 0，积就为 0【方法技巧】1. 有理数乘法运算的方法与步骤：第一步确定符号；第二步计算积的绝对值；第三步写出结果.对于有理数的除法运算,应先将除法转化为乘法,再按乘法运算的方法和步骤进行运算.2.（1）同级运算按从左到右的顺序进行；（2）要注意算式中有没有括号，如有括号，要按小括
28、号中括号大括号的顺序进行；（3）灵活运用运算律简化运算.参考答案1C 解析：因为 7 9=63，所以两手伸出的手指数和为 6，未伸出手指数的积为 3，满足以上两个条件左、右手依次伸出手指的个数必须是 2，4.故选 C.2. 解析：观察题目中图形的规律发现：每个图形中小正方形的个数等于与之对应的式序数，且每个图形被等分的份数等于左边等式中分式的分母，其阴影部分份数等于相应的分式的分子，由此可得（1）问的图形.且由上面探索可以很方便地得到本题的等式规律，即第（2）问的答案.解：(2) 1nn . 3. 解：原式=（100 ）（6）=100（6） （6）=600+ =-599 4. 解：（1）解法一
29、是错误的，解法二、三是正确的，解法三较简捷. 32164741（ ） 原 式 的 倒 数 为 ：（ ） （ ）=（ ） （ -）+984所 以 原 式.5. 解：（1）5000-780-650+1250-310-420+240=4330（元） ；他下班时应交回银行 4330 元.（2） （780+650+1250+310+420+240）0.1%=3.65（元） ，这天他应得奖金为 3.65 元6. 解：（1）20+4+5-1=28（元） 答：到本周三，小张所持股票每股 28 元（2）20+4+5=29（元） 答：本周内，股票最高价出现在星期二，是 29 元（3）29-1-3-6=19（元） ，100019=19000（元） ，100020=20000（元） ，19000-20000-200001.5-19000（1.5+3）=-1000-30-85.5=-1115.5（元） 所以小张亏了 1115.5 元
