1、 1 / 88 串讲方式列出文章中的主要词汇、短语及翻译,并给以讲解。(红色为历年考题；蓝色为重点；下划线为词语辨析，部分未划也会在讲解中提到。） 考试题型1. Paragraphs taken from the textbooks.2. Fill in the blank3. Distinguish words.4. Reading comprehension1)Multiple choices2)Put English into Chinese3)Essay question5. Put Chinese into English内容串讲Lesson oneBook One Lesson O
2、ne: Rock Superstars: What Do They Tell US About Ourselves and Our society?1. grabs a half-gallon jug of water抓住半加仑罐的水2. sprinkling its contents over喷洒sprinkle sth. with liquid (water)sprinkle liquid (water) on/over3. sweltering listeners 4. surge to follow him2 / 885. crunching up to6. gasped a girl
3、 dressed in black7. This is pilgrimage 朝圣之旅I ought to be crawling on my knees.8. this adulation and hero worship (区别 adulate, admire)9.religious reverence for10. reject Alice cooper as sick11.he acts out your wildest fantasies?表达出你最狂热的幻想12 These arent idle 闲置的 questions 13 as a sort of debating foru
4、m （debate, argument)14a sociological expression rather than a musical force15embody the frustrated teenage spirit 体现了沮丧的少年精神16 editorialize against him17 touch a nerve of disaffection 不满18 He spoke of civil rights 谈到公民权利, nuclear fallout, and loneliness 寂寞孤独. He spoke of change and of the bewilderme
5、nt 困惑迷乱 of an older generation.19 arrogant 自大的傲慢的 street-fighting 打架斗殴 men (arrogant, proud)20 The Beatles 甲壳虫对 showed there were a range of emotions between loveand hate.21mix the more traditional ideasinto the more radical 激进的 “city” ideas（mix, blend)22mirror feelings23conceive of (conceive, imagi
6、ne)想象设想1. 他描述说：“贾格尔抓起一个半加仑水罐沿舞台前沿边跑边把里面的水3 / 88往前几排狂热的听众身上洒。 ”“Jagger,” he said, “grabs a half gallon jug of water and runs along the front platform, sprinkling its contents over the first few rows of sweltering listeners.”2. 是他们自己将创造与夸张、理性与举动、言辞与声音、音乐与政治结合了起来。It is they alone who combine invention
7、and exaggeration, reason and motion, word and sound, music and politics.3. 以后又出现了 “乐队”乐队,他们把乡村音乐和西部音乐所表现的较为传统的观念注入强硬派摇滚乐较为激进的 “都市” 观念。 Then came The Band mixing the more traditional ideas of country and western music into the more radical “city” ideas of the hard rock.4. 有些社会学家认为你对这些问题的回答可以充分说明你在想些什
8、么以及社会在想些什么。Some sociologists say that your answers to them could explain a lot about what you are thinking and about what your society is thinking.Lesson two: Four Choices for Young People1 Our generations views the adult world with great skepticism.2 reject completely that world. (reject, refuse)3
9、speak for a lot of his contemporaries 他和他的同龄人讲很多4 The world is in pretty much of a mess5 we can do without4 / 886 These conclusions strike me as reasonable.7 This way of life is parasitic.寄生虫8batten on the society 靠社会而兴旺9the least intolerable choice available10This strategy also has ancient antecede
10、nts11in hopes of finding a simpler, more pastorallife.更富田园风情12on a larger scale13unsullied 清白的 landscapes14 To them it offers a romantic appeal, usually symbolized by some dashing and charismatic figure15 did not come off成功16plotting their holocausts right into their senescence 策划大屠杀,直至他们的衰老17in bit
11、ter disillusionment更为激烈的失望18at best their victory never dawns on the shining new worldcleansed of all human meanness.19under whatever political label20 At first glance, this course is far from inviting. It lacks glamour.21depends on the exasperating and uncertain instruments(exasperate, exhilarate )
12、22a better chance for remedying some of the worlds outrages23 I protested against this just as vehemently as24as soon as you capture one mountain range, another one looms just ahead25the unprecedented problems of an affluent society5 / 8826keeping our cities from becoming uninhabitable, of coping wi
13、th war in unfamiliar guises. (inhabit, live )27 it dawned on us that28 the landscape will get more cluttered (jumble, clutter)29struggle for ever-dwindling shares of food30 has a formidable job on its hands31an insuperable one32piecemeal, pragmatically, by the dogged efforts of many people这一策略在这样一些人
14、中总是很流行：他们无法容忍民主决策过程的单调沉闷的运作方式，或者相信只有武力才能改变基本制度。This strategy is always popular among those who have no patience with the tedious workings of the democratic process or who believe that basic institutions can only be changed by force.他们活在幻想破灭中，看到取代他们所推翻的旧机构的新机构依旧是那么冷酷，死气沉沉。They lived, in bitter disill
15、usionment, to see the establishment they had overthrown replaced by a new one, just as hard-faced and stuffy.奉行此道的人蔑视这个社会并拒不承担任何社会责任，却以这样或那样的方法依赖社会过寄生生活。In one way or another, its practitioners batten on the society which they scorn and in which they refuse to take any responsibility.这种方法的问题在于无法大规模地
16、实践。The trouble with the solution is that it no longer is practical on a large scale.6 / 88 我要说的只是无论成败与否，干革命的理想主义者们注定要失望。My point is merely that the idealists who make the revolution are bound to be disappointed in either case.它惟一的长处是有时这个办法会起作用。About all that can be said for it is that it sometimes w
17、orks.Lesson three: The use of force1 a big startled looking woman, very clean and apologetic (apology, excuse)2 sitting on her fathers lap3 I motioned for him not to bother4started to look things over5eyeing me up and down distrustfully (distrust, apprehension)6it was up to me to tell them7her face
18、was flushed8 She had magnificent blond hair, in profusion.9took a trial shot at it as a point of departure. had a sore throat?10a number of cases of diphtheria11no one had as yet spoken of the thing.12I coaxed (coax, persuade)13 Such a nice man, put in the mother.14 ground my teeth in disgust15I mig
19、ht be able to get somewhere.7 / 8816I approached the child again.17. both her hands clawed instinctively for my eyes18 . I broke in.19. Im here to look at her on the chance that/of20the mother admonished her severely.21the parents were contemptible to me. (contemptible, contemptuous)22in the ensuing
20、 strugglebred of terror of me.23in an agony of apprehension24let out a scream25she shrieked terrifyingly, hysterically. (terrified, terrifying)26she fought, with clenched teeth, desperately!27I tried to hold myself down28she reduced it to splinters29 Arent you ashamed to act like that in front of th
21、e doctor? (ashamed, shameful)30 We are going through with this.31 I should have desisted and (desist, resist)32 I could have torn the child apart.33 I overpowered the childs neck and jaws. 34 She had been on the defensive35tried to get off her fathers lap and fly at me while tears of defeat blinded
22、her eyes.1. 这个孩子脸上没有任何表情，用冷漠的目光死死地盯着我，象要把我吃掉似的。8 / 88The child was fairly eating me up and down with her cold, steady eyes, and no expression on her face whatever.2. 这个女孩由于对我的恐惧,她对我的抗拒达到了惊人的程度。She surely rose to magnificent heights of insane fury of effort bred of her terror of me.3. 在这个时候,谁都会叮嘱自己,无
23、论这个可恶的小鬼做出任何愚蠢的举动,也要违背她的意愿来保护她。The damned little brat must be protected against her own idiocy, one says to ones self at such times.3. 那种想释放体能的渴望产生出一种非理智的、无法控制的愤怒与成人受辱的感觉。A blind fury, a feeling of adult shame, bred of a longing for muscular release are the operatives.Lesson Four: Die as you choose1
24、 The need for laws on euthanasia cannot be dodged for much longer.(dodge 躲闪, avoid )2euthanasia is condemned by the medical establishmentand almost never comes to light.3can police it effectively.4will rumble on into the autumn5the dying are too far gone to consent (consent, assent)6prolong the thro
25、es of death with all the might of medical technology(prolong, protract)9 / 887 How long can the discussionhold out?8withholding some treatment (withhold, prevent)9administer enough painkillers10formulated an oath for doctors (oath, promise)11 rule out active killing 排除过多的杀戮12some people believe that
26、 the time of death is appointed by God and that no man should put the clock back on another. Yet if a patients philosophical views embrace euthanasia, it is not clear why the religious objections of others should intrude on his death. (intrude, invade)13to comply with a dying mans request14 pose dan
27、gers for society by setting a precedent for killing. 15the same tenacious respect16 West Germany, by contrast, will not be able to17because of the shadow of the past 18with an uninterrupted recent libertarian tradition19they usher in something worse.需要对安乐死制定相关的法律规范，这个问题不能长期回避了。The need for laws on e
28、uthanasia cannot be dodged for much longer.正如未履行某种职责可以受到处罚一样，采取了某种行动也可以不受责难。Just as there can be culpable omissions, so too can there be blameless acts.许多面对病人临终前痛苦的医生认为，只有神经质的人才坚决地强调被动安乐死和主动安乐死的区别他们这样来为积极安乐死辩论：医生的职责之一是解除病人的痛苦，有时侯这是医生唯一能做的事情，而安乐死是唯一的办法。10 / 88Many doctors working on the battlefield o
29、f terminal suffering think that only squeamishness demands a firm difference between passive and active euthanasia on request. Their argument for killing goes like this: one of a doctors duties is to prevent suffering; sometimes that is all there is left for him to do, and killing is the only way to
30、 do it.前事不忘，后事之师。 Let the past be a guide.有人认为人死亡时间是由上帝规定的，任何人都不应该缩短他人的自然寿命。Some people believe that the time of death is appointed by God and that no man should put the clock back on another.Lesson Five: Id rather be black than female1made me some kind of phenomenon.2no one would question me. (ques
31、tion, ask)3there is prejudice against black people4strikeas bizarre.5were invisible to most white Americans6 Americans were incredulous. (incredulous, incredible)7asked in injured tones. (tone, tune)8eliminate the racist attitudes (eliminate, illuminate)9more brainwashed and content with their roles(content, contented)10the details that make the difference between victory and defeat11men reaped the rewards, which is almost invariably the lot of women in politics.
