1、 IC設計產業 洪士灝台大資工系2005.11Outlinen IC設 計 產 業 歷史背景n IC設計與製造流程n IC設計業與上游供應商n IC設計與下游價值鏈n IC設計產業特性n IC產品 應用領域與 IC設計 主要競爭者n 台灣 IC設計產業：現況與挑戰IC設 計 產 業 歷史背 景n 電子元件技 術 Tube - Transistor - Integrated Circuitn Moores Law MSI - LSI - VLSI -n 數位化資 訊 時代 IC被 廣 泛 地 應 用 於 電 腦 、 通 訊 、 消 費 性 電 子、 工 業 電 子 等 諸 多 用 途n 台灣在半
2、導體產業的發展 2003年 超 過 190億 美 元 （ 全 球 1,664億 美 元 ） 系統單晶片（ System-on-Chip or SoC）電子元件技術Milestones Braun invents the solid-state rectifier. DeForest invents triode vacuum tube.1907-1927First radio circuits de-veloped from diodes and triodes.1925Lilienfeld field-effect device patent filed. Bardeen and Bratt
3、ain at Bell Laboratories invent bipolar transistors. Commercial bipolar transistor production at Texas Instruments. Bardeen, Brattain, and Shockley receive Nobel prize. Integrated circuit developed by Kilby and Noyce First commercial IC from Fairchild Semiconductor IEEE formed from merger or IRE and
4、 AIEE First commercial IC opamp One transistor DRAM cell invented by Dennard at IBM. 4004 Intel microprocessor introduced. First commercial 1-kilobit memory.19748080 microprocessor introduced. Megabit memory chip introduced.2000Alferov, Kilby, and Kromer share Nobel prizeMoores Law?Device Feature Si
5、ze n Feature size reductions enabled by process innovations.n Smaller features lead to more transistors per unit area and therefore higher density.5 CommandmentsIEEE Spectrum December 2003, pp. 31-35.n Moores Law : The number of transistors on a chip doubles annually (modified to 18-24 mo. later)n R
6、ocks Law : The cost of semiconductor tools doubles every four yearsn Machrones Law: The PC you want to buy will always be $5000 ($500-1000 now)n Metcalfes Law : A networks value grows proportionately to the number of its users squaredn Wirths Law : Software is slowing faster than hardware is acceler
7、ating類比與數位Analog and Digital Signalsn Analog signals are continuous in time and voltage or current. (Charge can also be used as a signal conveyor.)n After digitization, the continuous analog signal becomes a set of discrete values, typically separated by fixed time intervals.數位化資訊時代n 數位化資訊 why? Perf
8、ect reproduction Better for Communication and Storage Digital processing is easier to program Digital ICs are easier to design and manufacture Digital information/media is everywhere n 數位不一定好 Quantization errors Sampling rate Quality of AD/DA conversion circuits Errors may result in worse resultsExhibit 1: IC設計業佔半導體產業營收比率與台灣 IC設計業全球佔有率
