4.1 氮族元素概述第四章 氮族元素 A N P As Sb Bi ns2np3 氮半径小,易形成双键、三键 3 2 1 1/3 NH3 N2H4 NH2OH HN3 氢化物的酸碱性取决于与氢直接相连的原子上的电子云密度, 电子云密度越小,酸性越强。4.2 氮的氢化物4.2.1 氨 2N2+3H2 = NH3 Haber F. 获1916年诺贝尔奖Fe,Ru4.2.2 联氨(肼)、羟胺OHNH2N2H4 无色液体NH2OH 无色固体催化水溶液为碱性NH3 N2H4 NH2OH K1016N2H62+OH不稳定,易分解 N2H4 = N2 +H2(或NH3) 3NH2OH = NH3+3H2O + N2 (N2O) + + +H2O H2O H2O K 105 NH4+OH K106 N2H5+OH K109NH3OH+OH+H2O 既可以作氧化剂,又可作还原剂 2NH2OH+2AgBr =2Ag+N2(N2O)+2HBr+2H2O N2H4+4CuO = 2Cu2O+N2+2H2O N2H4(l) + O2 (g) = N2 (g) + 2H2O rH= 621.5kJmol1 N2H