1、duplicate 美 djuplkt 复制的，副本的 invisible 隐匿的 ;无形的 Optimizer Statistics 优化器统计数据 Implement 执行 ;使生效，实现 ;落实 recommended 被推荐的 archival 档案 exhibit 陈列，展览 ;呈现 ;证明 公开展览某物 ;展出 strip 剥光 ;表演脱衣舞 ;剥除 除去，剥去 ;剥夺 ;删除 ;清除，拆除 identify 识别，认出 ;确定 ;使参与 ;把看成一样 确定 ;认同 suspended 暂停的，缓期的（宣判），悬浮的 resumable 美 rzju:mbl可恢复的 resync
2、重新同步 workbench 工作台，作业台 purge 清除，（使）净化 attribute 认为是 ;把归于 ;把品质归于某人 individual 个人的 ;独特的 ;个别的 overrides 优先于 ;比更重要 retention 保留 ;记忆力，保持力 ;滞留，扣留 capture 俘获 ;夺取 ;夺得 ;引起（注意、想像、兴趣）捕获 ; 占领 ;捕获物 ;计算机 捕捉 annotate 注解 Integrity 完整；完善；正直；诚实 critical 批评的；挑剔的；决定性的；危险的 ;临界 audit 审计，查账 consumed 消耗 redundancy 美 rdndns
3、i 过多，过剩 ;冗长 ;裁员 optimum 美 ptmm 最适宜的 desire 美 dzar 希望 ;渴望 ;要求 ;请 求 implement 美 mplmnt 实施，执行 ;使生效，实现 ;落实 duplexing dju:pleksi 通信 双工，复式；双炼法 v 使成双（ duplex 的 ing 形式） ，转接 asynchronous 美 eskrns异 步的 obsolete 美 bslit, bslit废弃的 ;老式的，已过时的 ;生 已废退的 废词 ;被废弃的事物 auxiliary 美 zljri, -zlri 辅助的 ;备用的，补充的 ;附加的 ;副的 evolve
4、 演变，进化 involve 美 nvlv 包含 ;使参与，牵涉 ;围绕，缠绕 ;使专心于 conventional knvnnl传统的 ;习用的，平常的 ; maintenance 美 mentnns维持，保持 ;保养，保管 ;维护 ;维修 excessive 美 kssv过度的，极度的 ;过分的 ;过多的 ; exclusive 美 ksklusv专用的 ;高级的 ;排外的 ;单独的 associated 英 sietd 合伙，合营 ;联合，结合 ;联想 encrypted 把编码；把加密 dynamically 充满活力地；精力充沛地；个性强地（过程）动态地；发展变化地 cumulati
5、ve 美 kjumjletv, -jltv累积的； 渐增的； 追加的； （判刑等）加重的累加；累计的； specified 英 spesfad 指定 ( specify 的过去式和过去分词 );详述 ;提出的条件 ; recommends 推荐 ;劝告 criteria 英 kratr批评、判断等的）标准，准则 indicate 英 ndket 表明，标示，指示 ;象征，暗示，预示 utilize 英 ju:tlaz 利用，使用 corruption 英 krpn 腐败 ;贪污 ;贿赂 ;变体 prerequisite英 pri:rekwzt 先决条件，前提，必要条件 allocation 英
6、 lken 配给，分配 ;分配额（或量） ;划拨的款项 http:/ http:/ http:/ NVL(expr1,expr2): 用于将 NULL 变为实际值 ,如果 expr1 就 NULL,则返回 expr2;如果 expr1 不是 NULL,则返回 expr1.参数 expr1 和 expr2 可以是任意数据类型 ,但二者数据类型必须要匹配 . NVL2(expr1,expr2,expr3): 如果 expr1 不是 NULL,则返回 expr2;如果 expr1 是 NULL,则返回 expr3.参数 expr1 可以是任意数据类型 ,而 expr2 和 expr3 可以是除 LO
7、NG之外的任何数据类型 . expr2 和 expr3 类型不同的话， expr3 会转换为 expr2 的类型 COALESCE(表达式 1,表达式 2,.,表达式 n)， n=2,此表达式的功能为返回第一个不为空的表达式，如果都为空则返回空值 NULLIF (expr1, expr2) -相等返回 NULL， 不等返回 expr1 LPAD SQL select lpad(ANDY,12,0) from dual; LPAD(ANDY - 0000000ANDY UNION 是联集，而 INTERSECT 是交集 , 在 INTERSECT 指令下，不同的值只会被列出一次。 简单视图：包含
8、一个子查询，他只是从一个基表中检索数据。 复杂 视图：包含一个子查询，特点： 从多个基表中间索数据 使用 GROUP BY 或 DISTINCT 子句对行进行分组 包含函数调用 只能对简单视图进行 DML； 对启用了闪回数据归档功能的表使用下述任一 DDL 语句都会导致错 ORA-55610： 执行以下任一操作的 ALTER TABLE 语句： 删除、重命名或修改列 执行分区或子分区操作 将 LONG 列转换为 LOB 列 包括 UPGRADE TABLE 子句（不管有无 INCLUDING DATA 子句） DROP TABLE语句 SQL Tuning Advisor invokes Au
9、tomatic Tuning Optimizer to generate recommendations. Recommendations to accept SQL profiles occur in a finding. 如果丢失当前 redo log file 则还原，基于 SCN,时间或者取消的恢复，再同 RESETLOGS 打开数据库，打开数据库后，再进行一次全备份。 如果丢失不是当前 redo log file，则删除添加，或者清除。 - Maximum size in bytes for the per-process query cache. Specifying a size
10、 less than 32768 in the client sqlnet.ora file disables the client result cache feature for client processes reading this sqlnet.ora file. NOCASCADE_FORCE Backs out specified transactions, ignoring dependent transactions. Server runs undo SQL statements for specified transactions in reverse order of
11、 commit times. If no constraints break and you are satisfied with the result, you can commit the changes; otherwise, you can roll them back. Oracle ASM Preferred Read Disk Groups It improves performance by reading from a copy of an extent closest to the node. SQL Tuning Advisor provides options to m
12、anage the scope and duration of a tuning task. You can set the scope of a tuning task either of the following: Limited In this case, SQL Tuning Advisor produces recommendations based on statistical checks, access path analysis, and SQL structure analysis. SQL profile recommendations are not generate
13、d. Comprehensive In this case, SQL Tuning Advisor carries out all the analysis it performs under limited scope plus SQL Profiling. With the comprehensive option you can also specify a time limit for the tuning task, which by default is 30 minutes. FILESYTEMIO_OPTIONS can be set to one of the followi
14、ng values: ASYNCH: enable asynchronous I/O on file system files, which has no timing requirement for transmission. DIRECTIO: enable direct I/O on file system files, which bypasses the buffer cache. SETALL: enable both asynchronous and direct I/O on file system files. NONE: disable both asynchronous
15、and direct I/O on file system files. RMAN 备份压缩 : LOW：此级别速度最快。与 MEDIUM 相比，它提供较少的压缩，但 CPU 使用率最低。（与 LZO 压缩对应。） MEDIUM：此级别很好兼顾了 CPU 使用率和压缩比率。（与 ZLIB 压缩对应。） HIGH：此级别提供最佳压缩比率，但 CPU 消耗最大。（与 GZIP 压缩对应。） BASIC：与 BZIP2（ 10g 类型压缩）对应。 One of the tables is recovered from the Recycle Bin using a Last In First Out
16、 (LIFO) approach An AWR baseline is a collection of statistic rates usually taken over a period when the system is performing well at peak load. You can specify a pair or range of AWR snapshots as a baseline. By using an AWR report to compare statistics captured during a period of bad performance to
17、 a baseline, you can diagnose problems. For which two situations would you use functionality provided by the Resource Manager? A. setting idle timeout limits on resource plans D. assigning priorities to jobs to manage access to system resources UPDATE employees SET salary =(SELECT salary FROM employ
18、ees AS OF TIMESTAMP TO_TIMESTAMP(2005-05-04 11:00:00, yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss) WHERE employee_id = 200)WHERE employee_id = 200;-闪回查询 FLASHBACK_TRANSACTION_QUERY 使用 SHRINK SPACE 子句可以收缩段中的空间。如果指定了 CASCADE，则收缩行为将级联到所有支持收缩操作的从属段，但实体化视图、 LOB 索引和 IOT（索引表）映射表例外。 数据库（默认情况下）每 60 分钟从 SGA 中自动捕获一次统计信息，然后将其以快照形式存储
19、在 AWR 中。这些快照通过一个名为易管理性监视器 (MMON) 的后台进程存储在磁盘上。 Image copies of the /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf data file are updated with all changes up to incremental backup SCN. You can alter attributes of an existing SQL profile with the ALTER_SQL_PROFILE procedure. When you accept a profile, the dat
20、abase creates the profile and stores it persistently in the data dictionary. If a user issues a statement for which a profile has been built, then the query optimizer (in normal mode) uses both the environment and the SQL profile to build a well-tuned plan. configure the Flashback Database required
21、to: 1. set Flash Recovery Area 2. enable Flashback logging 3. start the database in the ARCHIVELOG mode 使用 rman 进行数据库的 copy，哪两种因素在你进行 backup 时所考虑的？ A。只能备份到 disk D。数据库里所有使用和未使用的块都会被备份 In your database, the flash recovery area (FRA) is configured as the default for RMAN backups. Youexecuted the follow
22、ing commands to configure the settings in RMAN: Only one channel is allocated and the backup is created in the flash recovery area 灾难恢复包括在丢失了整个目标数据库、所有当前控制文件、所有联机重做日志文件、所有参数文件和恢复目录数据库（如果有）后还原和恢复目标数据库。 要执行灾难恢复，至少需要以下备份： 数据文件的备份 在备份之后生成的相应归档重做日志 至少一个控制文件自动备份 基本过程： 还原服务器参数文件的自动备份。 启动目标数据库实例。 从自动备份还原控制文
23、件。 装载数据库。 还原数据文件。 恢复数据文件。 使用 RESETLOGS 选项打开数据库。 持久轻量作业 在创建 /删除时间方面有很大改进，因为它没有创建数据库对象的开销。每个轻量作业都是使用作业模板创建的，并作为程序进行存储。因为持久轻量作业在运行时要向磁盘写入状态信息，所以在执行时应该只有少量改进。持久轻量作业有多种限制： - 用户无法设置对这些作业的权限，它们将从父作业模板中继承其权限。 -B 对 - 必须使用模板，无法创建完全自包含的持久轻量作业。 -E 对 - 只有一些特定的作业属性是可设置的，如 JOB_ARGUMENTS。 如果用户需要在非常短的时间内创建大量作业（每秒 10
24、 -100 个作业），并且有一组程序（ 作业模板）可供使用，则最适合使用轻量作业。 -C 对 SEC_MAX_FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS specifies the number of authentication attempts that can be made by a client on a connection to the server process. After the specified number of failure attempts, the connection will be automatically dropped by the server
25、process. To perform most of the RMAN operations, the virtual catalog owner must have the SYSDBA orSYSOPER privilege on the target database. If appropriate, you can use CHANGE FAILURE command at any time in the Data Recovery Advisor workflow to change the priority of a failure from LOW to HIGH orHIGH
26、 to LOW, or close a failure that has been fixed manually. Which statements are true regarding the creation of an incident package file by using the EM Workbench Support? A. You can add or remove the trace files to the package. B. You can create the incremental incident package ZIP file for new or mo
27、dified diagnostic information for the incident package already created. C. You can add SQL test cases to the incident package. Suppose that, as user SYSTEM, you execute the following Export and Import commands to remap the hr schema into the scott schema: expdp system SCHEMAS=hr DIRECTORY=dpump_dir1
28、 DUMPFILE=hr.dmp impdp system DIRECTORY=dpump_dir1 DUMPFILE=hr.dmp REMAP_SCHEMA=hr:scott memory_target = sga_target + max(pga_aggregate_target, maximum PGA allocated) RMAN 的新增功能 对超 大型文件 应用 Intrafile 并行备份和还原在备份单一大型数据文件时，现在可以使用多个并行服务器进程和 “通道 ”来有效地分配工作量。这种使用多个部分的方法改善了备份的性能。 You performed the RMAN datab
29、ase backup with the KEEP option. Which two statements are true regarding this backup? A. The backup contains data files, the server parameter file, and the control file even if the control file autobackup is disabled. B. The KEEP option overrides the configured retention policy. You cannot use SECTI
30、ON SIZE with MAXPIECESIZE or with INCREMENTAL LEVEL 1.根据 RMAN channels can process each step independently and in parallel ALTER DISKGROUP data MOUNT RESTRICT; In the RESTRICTED mode, the disk group is mounted in single-instance exclusive mode. No other ASM instance in the same cluster can mount tha
31、t disk group. In this mode the disk group is not usable by any ASM client. Oracle Flashback features use the Automatic Undo Management (AUM) system to obtain metadata and historical data for transactions. They rely on undo data, which are records of the effects of individual transactions. The tables
32、pace on which the Flashback Data Archive is created must be managed with Automatic Segment Space Management (ASSM). Shared Pool Concepts The main components of the shared pool are the library cache, the dictionary cache, and, depending on your configuration, the server result cache. The library cach
33、e stores the executable (parsed or compiled) form of recently referenced SQL and PL/SQL code. The dictionary cache stores data referenced from the data dictionary. The server result cache stores the results of queries and PL/SQL function results. You installed Oracle Database 11g afresh. Which state
34、ments are true regarding the default audit settings in this database? C. The audit trail is stored in the database. E. Auditing is enabled for certain privileges related to database security. 如果数据库是使用 Database Configuration Assistant (DBCA) 创建的，默认情况下， audit_trail 参数设置为 DB，默认的行为是将审计线索记录到数据库的 AUD$表中。
35、在 Oracle Database 11g 中启用审计时，将默认审计那些对安全性非常重要的特定权限和语句。 系统将针对所有用户，按成功、失败以及访问来审计上面列出的这些权限和语句。 BACKUP AS COMPRESSED BACKUPSET DATABASE; Using this command to create backups minimizes the bandwidth consumed MEMORY_TARGET：动态控制 SGA 和 PGA 时， Oracle 总共可以使用的共享内存大小，它不能超过 MEMORY_MAX_TARGET 参数设置的大小。默认值是 0。 MEMOR
36、Y_MAX_TARGET：如果没有设置，默认等于 MEMORY_TARGET 的值 使用动态内存管理时， SGA_TARGET 和 PGA_AGGREGATE_TARGET 代表它们各自内存区域的最小设置，要让 Oracle 完全控制内存管理，这两个参数应该设置为 0。 使用 AMM(automatic memory management)自动内存管理来分配共享池，防止共享池设置小而出错 When processing a query, Oracle Database often requires temporary workspace for intermediate stages of S
37、QL statement execution. Typical operations that may require atemporary segment include sorting,hashing, and merging bitmaps. ASM_POWER_LIMIT 控制重新平衡操作的速度。值的范围从 1 到 11， 11 表示最快。如果省略，该值默认为 1.Higher numeric values enable the rebalancing operation to complete more quickly, but might result in higher I/O
38、overhead and more rebalancing processes. ASM 支持数据文件、日志文件、控制文件、归档日志、 Recovery Manager (RMAN) 备份集及其它 Oracle DB 文件类型。 Password files、init.ora files 是二进制文件， 不是数据库文件 。 An obsolete backup is, based on the currently configured retention policy, no longer needed to satisfy data recovery goals. list expired
39、backup Lists all backups that are missing associated physical backup set pieces What is the purpose of the catalog command? C. To create metadata in the control file and the recovery catalog related to backup set pieces 目录命令的目的是在，控制文件和恢复目录中涉及到备份集片中创建元数据 . This function evolves SQL plan baselines ass
40、ociated with one or more SQL statements. A SQL plan baseline is evolved when one or more of its non-accepted plans is changed to an accepted plan or plans. You are tuning RMAN to optimize performance. You want tape I/O to be asynchronous B. Set the BACKUP_TAPE_IO_SLAVES parameter to TRUE. 只需要设 置一个目标
41、内存大小初始化参数 ( MEMORY_TARGET ) 和一个最大内存大小初始化参数 ( MEMORY_MAX_TARGET)，数据库就会根据处理需求在 SGA 与实例 PGA 之间动态交换内存 如果没有设置 MEMORY_MAX_TARGET 值，默认等于 MEMORY_TARGET 的值 使用动态内存管理时， SGA_TARGET 和 PGA_AGGREGATE_TARGET 代表它们各自内存区域的最小设置，要让 Oracle 完全控制内存管理，这两个参数应该设置为 0 SGA_TARGET + DB_8K_CACHE_SIZE + LOG_BUFFER STARTUP UPGRADE I
42、t allows only SYSDBA connections. It sets system initialization parameters to specific values that are required to enable database upgrade scripts to be run. When you tune a SQL statement with a fixed SQL plan baseline using SQL Tuning Advisor, a SQL profile recommendation has special meaning. When
43、the SQL profile is accepted, the database adds the tuned plan to the fixed SQL plan baseline as a non-fixed plan. The SQL management base (SMB) is a part of the data dictionary that resides in the SYSAUX tablespace. It stores statement logs, plan histories, SQL plan baselines, and SQL profiles. ALTE
44、R TABLE sales_2007 COMPRESS FOR ALL OPERATIONS; C. It compresses all data added or modified henceforth but the existing data in the table is not compressed immediately. In Oracle 11g, which recommendations does the SQL Access Advisor generate? A. partitioning recommendations C. index creation recomm
45、endations D. materialized view recommendations E. materialized view log recommendations In what order would you execute the following steps to create a recovery catalog? B. Create the recovery-catalog database. C. Create the recovery-catalog user. D. Grant the recovery_catalog_owner privilege to the
46、 recovery-catalog user. A. Issue the create catalog command. E. Issue the register database command from the target database. The RVPC user can do which of the following? A. Register databases if granted the register database privilege C. See all database-related metadata in the recovery catalog if
47、they are granted access to that database The RMAN command for making backups is BACKUP. The RMAN BACKUP command supports backing up the following types of files: Datafiles and control files Server parameter file Archived redo logs RMAN backups catalog start with：使用此命令可重新将所有任何可用备份列入目录。 356.Which of the following commands will perform an active database duplication of the ORCL database to the ORCL2 database? Set oracle_sid=orcl rman target=sys/robert auxname=sys/Robertorcl2 duplicate target database to neworcl from active database nofilenamecheck spfile set control_files c:oracle
