1、习题 Chapter 1 ATMOSPHERE AND TEMPERATURE 1. Which feature is associated with the tropopause? A. Absence of wind and turbulence. B. Absolute upper limit of cloud formation. C. Abrupt change of temperature lapse rate. 2. What is a characteristic of the troposphere? A. It contains all the moisture of th
2、e atmosphere. B. There is an overall decrease of temperature with an increase of altitude. C. The average altitude of the top of the troposphere is about 6 miles. 3. The average height of the troposphere in the middle latitudes is A. 20,000feet. B. 25,000feet. C. 37,000feet. 4. The primary cause of
3、all changes in the Earths weather is A. variation of solar energy received by the Earths regions. B. changes in air pressure over the Earths surface. C. movement of the air masses. 5. If the air temperature is +8 at an elevation of 1,350 feet and a standard (average) temperature lapse rate exists, w
4、hat will be the approximate freezing level? A. 3,350 feet MSL(Mean Sea Level) B. 5,350 feet MSL C. 9,350 feet MSL 6. The most frequent type of ground or surface based temperature inversion is that produced by A. ground radiation on a clear, cool night, when the wind is light. B. warm air being lifte
5、d rapidly aloft in the vicinity of mountainous terrain C. the movement of colder air under warm air, or the movement of warm air over cold air. 7. What feature is associated with a temperature inversion? A. A stable layer of air. B. An unstable layer of air. C. Air mass thunderstorms. 8. What are th
6、e characterizes of a ground-based inversion? A. Convection currents at the surface. B. Cold temperatures. C.Poor visibility. 9. Where is a common location for an inversion of the atmosphere? A. At the tropopause. B. In the stratosphere. C. At the base of cumulus clouds. 10. Which weather conditions
7、should be expected beneath a low-level temperature inversion layer when the relative humidity is high? A. Smooth air and poor visibility due to fog, haze, or low clouds. B. Light wind shear and poor visibility due to haze and light rain. C. Turbulent air and poor visibility due to fog, low stratus-t
8、ype clouds, and showery precipitation 11.对流层中，对天气变化影响较大的气体是： A.氮气和氧气 B.氧气和二氧化碳 C.二氧化碳和水汽 D.水 汽 和臭氧 12.对流层顶是一个强大的稳定层，因为： A. 它的上面是平流层 B. 空气干洁，能见度好 C. 气流平稳，没有对流运动 D 该处气温直减率小 13.在对流层顶以上飞行，常常是： A. 气流平稳，能见度好 B. 有尘粒、烟粒等杂质聚积 C. 会遇到高云，或积雨云、浓积云顶 D. 有使飞机产生颠簸的扰动气流 14.局地气温的最低点通常出现在： A. 后 半夜 B. 天亮时 C. 早晨 D. 日出时 1
9、5.能造成较大气温日较差的有利天气和地理条件分别是： A.晴天，陆地 B.晴天，海洋 C.阴天，陆地 D.阴天，海洋 16.局地气温的非周期变化受下列那一个因素的影响最显著？ A.太阳辐射强度 B.海陆分布 C.季节 D.冷暖空气的水平运动 17.标准大气的海平面气温等于： A. 0 B. 10 C. 273.16 D. 288.16 18.气压相等时，较暖和较湿的空气密度分别比较冷和较干的 空气密度要 A. 小，小 B. 大，大 C. 小，大 D. 大，小 Answers: 1.C 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.B 6.A 7.A 8.C 9.B 10.A 11.C 12.D 13.A 14.
10、D 15.A 16.D 17.D 18.A 习题 Chapter 2 ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE AND ALTIMETRY 1. Which pressure is defined as station pressure? A. Altimeter setting. B. Actual pressure at field elevation. C. Station barometric pressure reduced to sea level. 2. What term describes an elongated area of low pressure? A. Troug
11、h. B. Ridge. C. Hurricane or typhoon. 3. If the ambient temperature is colder than standard at FL 310, what is the relationship between true altitude and pressure altitude? A. They are both the same, 31,000 feet. B. True altitude is lower than 31,000 feet. C. Pressure altitude is lower than true alt
12、itude. 4. Where is the usual location of a thermal low? A. Over the arctic region. B. Over the eye of a hurricane. C. Over the surface of a dry, sunny region. 5. En route at FL 270, the altimeter is set correctly. On descent, a pilot fails to set the local altimeter setting of 30.57. If the field el
13、evation is 650 feet, and the altimeter is functioning properly, what will it indicate upon landing? A. 585 feet. B. 1,300 feet. C. Sea level. 6. What is corrected altitude (approximate true altitude)? A. Pressure altitude corrected for instrument error. B. indicated altitude corrected for temperatur
14、e variation from standard. C. Density altitude corrected for temperature variation from standard. 7.常用于研究水平气压场的气压是： A. 本站气压 B. 场面气压 C. 修正海平面气压 D. 标准海平面气压 8.飞机起降时，用于调整高度表的气压通常是： A 本站气压 B. 场面气压 C. 修正海平面气压 D. 标准海平面气压 9.航线飞行时，用来调整高度表的气压是： A. 本站气压 B. 场面气压 C. 修正海平面气压 D. 标准海平面气压 10.飞机进入较强下降气流和上升气流区时，高度指示会分
15、别比实际高度： A. 偏高，偏低 B. 偏高，偏高 C. 偏低，偏高 D. 偏低，偏低 11.当飞机按气压式高度表保持一定高度飞向低压区时，其实际高度的变化是： A. 逐渐变低 B. 逐渐变高 C. 先变低，后变高 D. 先变高，后变低 12.当空气密度低于标准大气时， 对 飞机的起飞载重量或起飞和着陆滑跑距离的影响分别是： A. 减少，加长 B. 减少，缩短 C. 增大，加长 D. 增大，缩短 13.飞机所处位置的密度高度，在冷天和热天通常分别为： A. 低密度高度，高密度高度 B. 高密度高度，低密度高度 C. 低密度高度，低密度高度 D. 高密度高度， 高密度高度 Answers: 1.
16、B 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.C 6.B 7.C 8.C 9.D 10.A 11.A 12.A 13.A 习题 Chapter 3 WIND 1. At lower levels of the atmosphere, friction causes the wind to flow across isobars into a low because the friction A. decreases windspeed and Coriolis force. B. decreases pressure gradient force. C. creates air turbulence and
17、 raises atmospheric pressure. 2. What causes surface winds to flow across the isobars at an angle rather than parallel to the isobars? A. Coriolis force. B. Surface friction C. The greater density of the air at the Surface. 3. What is a feature of air movement in a high pressure area? A. Ascending f
18、rom the surface high to lower pressure at higher altitudes. B. Descending to the surface and then outward. C. Moving outward from the high at high altitudes and into the high at the surface. 4. What is indicated by close spacing of isobars on a weather map? A. Weak pressure gradient and weak winds B
19、. Weak pressure gradient and strong winds C. Strong pressure gradient and strong winds 5. Which type wind flows downslope becoming warmer and dryer? A. Land breeze. B. Valley wind. C. Katabatic wind. 6. At which location does Coriolis force have the least effect on wind direction? A. At the poles. B
20、. Middle latitudes (30 to 60). C. At the Equator. 7. How does Coriolis force affect wind direction in the Southern Hemisphere? A. Causes clockwise rotation around a low. B. Causes wind to flow out of a low toward a high. C. Has exactly the same effect as in the Northern Hemisphere. 8. Which force, i
21、n the Northern Hemisphere, acts at a right angle to the wind and deflects it to the right until parallel to the isobars? A. Centrifugal B. Pressure gradient. C. Coriolis 9. Which weather condition is defined as an anticyclone? A. Calm. B. High pressure area. C. COL. 10. Winds at 5,000 feet AGL on a
22、particular flight are southwesterly while most of the surface winds are southerly. This difference in direction is primarily due to A. a stronger pressure gradient at higher altitudes. B. friction between the wind and the surface. C. stronger Coriolis force at the surface. 11. What relationship exis
23、ts between the winds at 2,000 feet above the surface and the surface winds? A. The winds at 2,000 feet and the surface winds flow in the same direction, but the surface winds are weaker due to friction. B. The winds at 2,000 feet tend to parallel the isobars while the surface winds cross the isobars
24、 at an angle toward lower pressure and are weaker. C. The surface winds tend to veer to the right of the winds at 2,000 feet and are usually weaker. 12. A jet stream is defined as wind of A. 30 knots or greater. B. 40 knots or greater. C. 50 knots or greater. 13. Jet stream winds occur at which loca
25、tion? A. South of highs B. Parallel to troughs C. Breaks in the tropopause 14.西北风可表示为： A. 135或 SE B. 300或 NW C. 315或 NW D. 340或 WN 15.海上风与陆地风相比，主要区别是： A. 海上风速大，风向与等压线交角大 B. 陆地上风速大，风向与等压线交角小 C. 陆地上风速大，风向与等压线交角大 D. 海上风速大，风向与等压线交角小 16.海风和山风分别出现在： A. 白天，晚上 B. 晚上，白天 C. 白天，白天 D. 晚 上，晚上 17.在北半球 9000 米高度，由低
26、压区飞向高压区，则航线上吹： A. 右侧风 B. 左侧风 C. 逆风 D. 顺风 18.在北半球自由大气中，如果航线是左侧风，则高压区在航线的： A. 右侧 B. 左侧 C. 后方 D. 前方 19.自由大气中风随高度变化的主要原因是： A. 气温的水平差异 B. 气温随高度的变化 C. 气压的水平差异 D. 气压随高度的变化 20.对流层自由大气中，高度增加，风的一般变化规律是： A. 风向趋近于东风，风速增大 B. 风向趋近于西风，风速减小 C. 风向趋近于东风，风速减小 D. 风向趋近于西风，风速增大 21.地面风的阵性表现较明显的时间和季节分别是： A. 早晨，冬季 B. 早晨，夏季
27、C. 午后，冬季 D. 午后，夏季 22.地面风的阵性表现较明显的地区特点是： A. 地表粗糙，性质差异大 B. 地表平坦，性质差异小 C. 地表粗糙，性质差异小 D. 地表平坦，性质差异大 Answers: 1.A 2.B 3.B 4.C 5.C 6.C 7.A 8.C 9.B 10.B 11.B 12.C 13.C 14.C 15.D 16.A 17.A 18.C 19.A 20.D 21.D 22.A 习题 Chapter 4 CLOUD AND PRECIPITATION 1. To which meteorological conditioned does the term “dew
28、 point “refer? A. The temperature to which air must be cooled to become saturated. B. The temperature at which condensation and evaporation are equal. C. The temperature at which dew will always form. 2. The amount of water vapor which air can hold largely depends on A. relative humidity. B. air tem
29、perature. C. stability of air 3. Clouds, fog, or dew will always form when A. water vapor condenses. B. water vapor is present. C. the temperature and dew point are equal. 4. What weather condition occurs at the altitude where the dewpoint lapse rate and the dry adiabatic lapse rate converge? A. Clo
30、ud bases form. B. Precipitation starts. C. Stable air changes to unstable air. 5. What are the four families of clouds? A. Stratus, cumulus, nimbus, and cirrus. B. Clouds formed by updrafts, fronts, cooling layers of air, and precipitation into warm air. C. High ,middle, low, and those with extensiv
31、e vertical development. 6. The suffix “nimbus”, used in naming clouds, means a A. cloud with extensive vertical development. B. rain cloud. C. dark massive, towering cloud. 7. A high cloud is composed mostly of A. ozone. B. condensation nuclei. C. ice crystals. 8. Stability can be determined from wh
32、ich measurement of the atmosphere? A. Low-level winds B. ambient lapse rate C. atmospheric pressure 9. What determines the structure or type of clouds which form as a result of air being forced to ascend? A. the method by which the air is lifted. B. the stability of the air before lifting occurs. C.
33、 the amount of condensation nuclei present after lifting occurs. 10. Unsaturated air flowing up slope will cool at the rate of approximately (dry adiabatic lapse rate) A. 3 per 1000 feet. B. 2 per 1000 feet. C. 2.5 per 1000 feet. 11. What type of clouds will be formed if very stable moist air is for
34、ced up slope? A. First stratified clouds and then vertical clouds. B. Vertical clouds with increasing height. C. Stratified clouds with little vertical development. 12. What type clouds can be expected when an unstable air mass is forced to ascend a mountain slope? A. Layered clouds with little vert
35、ical development. B. Stratified clouds with considerable associated turbulence, C. Clouds with extensive vertical development. 13. Which of the following combinations of weather producing variables would likely result in cumuliform-type clouds good visibility rain showers and possible cleartype icin
36、g in clouds? A. Unstable moist air and no lifting mechanism. B. Stable dry air and orographic lifting. C. Unstable moist air and orographic lifting, 14. Which family of clouds is least likely to contribute to structural icing on an aircraft? A. Low clouds. B. High clouds. C.Clouds with extensive ver
37、tical development. 15. Which clouds have the greatest turbulence? A. Towering cumulus B. cumulonimbus C. Altocumulus castellanus 16. The presence of standing lenticular altocumulus clouds is a good indication of A. A jet stream B. Very strong turbulence. C. Heavy icing conditions. 17. Fair weather c
38、umulus clouds often indicate A. Turbulence at and below the cloud level. B. Poor visibility C. Smooth flying conditions 18. A ceiling is defined as the height of the A. highest layer of clouds or obscuring phenomena aloft that covers over 6/10 of the sky. B. lowest layer of clouds that contributed t
39、o the over all overcast C. lowest layer of clouds or obscuring phenomena aloft that is reported as broken or overcast 19. What enhance the growth rate of precipitation? A. advective action B. upward currents C. cyclonic movement 20. The presence of ice pellets at the surface is evidence that A. thes
40、e are thunderstorms in the area B. a cold front has passed C. there is freezing rain at a higher altitude. 21. What temperature condition is indicated if wet snow is encountered at your flight altitude? A. The temperature is above freezing at you altitude B. The temperature is below freezing at your
41、 altitude. C. You are flying from a warm air mass into a cold air mass 22. Which precipitation type normally indicates freezing rain at higher altitudes? A. Snow B. Hail C. Ice pellets 23. Select the characteristic (s) associated with the Cumulonimbus Clouds. More than one characteristic may apply.
42、A. Hail B. Drizzle C. Lightning D. Stable air E. Turbulence F. Restricted visibility for long periods 24.云体高大，底部阴暗，云顶呈园弧形重叠的云是： A. Cu B. TCu C. Cb D. Sc 25.决定大气稳定度的主要因素是： A. r 值 B. rd 值 C. P值 D. T 值 26.一般情况下，大气最不稳定的时间和季节分别是： A. 中午，冬季 B. 早上，夏季 C. 早上，冬季 D. 午后，夏季 27.一般情况下，大气最稳定的时间和季节分别是： A. 中午，冬季 B. 早上
43、，夏季 C. 早上，冬季 D. 午后，夏季 28.速度最大的垂直运动是： A. 对流 B. 系统性升降运动 C. 乱流 D. 大气波动 29.对流运动的水平范围一般为： A. 几公里 B. 几十公里 C. 几到几十公里 D. 几百公里 30.对流上升运动形成： A. 积状云 B. 层状云 C. 波状云 D. 堡状云 31.大气不稳定时，常产生的垂直运动是： A. 对流和系统性升降运动 B. 系统性升降运动和波动 C. 波动和乱流 D. 乱流和对流 32.地球表面热力性质差异大的地区容易产生的垂直运动是： A. 对流和系统性升降运动 B. 系统性升降运动和波动 C. 波动和乱流 D. 乱流和对流
44、 33.形成层状云的运动是： A. 对流 B. 系统性运动 C. 波动 D. 乱流 34.层状云包括： A. Ns Sc As St B. Sc As Cs Fs C. Ci Cs As Ns D. Fs Ns As St 35.积状云包括： A. Cu TCu Cb Fc B. TCu Fc Cc Sc C. Cb Sc Ac Cu D. Fc Cu Cb Cc 36.严重影响飞机起降的低碎云主要是： A. Ns Fc St B. St Fs Cu C. Fn St Fs D. Fs Ns Fn 37.国家气象部门和民航总局规定的计量云量的方法分别是： A. 十分制，八分制 B. 八分制，十
45、分制 C. 十分制，十分制 D. 八分制，八分制 38.中云的云底高度通常规定为： A. 1500 4000 米 B. 2500 5000 米 C. 3000 6000米 D. 2500 6000米 Answers: 1.A 2.B 3.A 4.A 5.C 6.B 7.C 8.B 9.B 10.A 11.C 12.C 13.C 14.B 15.B 16.B 17.A 18.C 19.B 20.C 21.A 22.C 23.ACE 24.B 25.A 26.D 27.C 28.A 29.C 30.A 31.D 32.D 33.B 34.C 35.A 36.C 37.A 38.D 习题 Chapt
46、er 5 AIR MASSES AND FRONTS 1. An air mass is a body of air that A. has similar cloud formations associated with it B. creates a wind shift as it moves across the Earths surface C. covers an extensive area and has fairly uniform properties of temperature and moisture 2. What is indicated about an air
47、 mass if the temperature remains unchanged or decreases slightly as altitude is increased? A. The air is unstable. B. A temperature inversion exists. C. The air is stable. 3. Which weather condition is an example of a nonfrontal instability band? A.Squall line. B. Advective fog. C.Frontogenesis. 4. The general characteristics of unstable air are A. good visibility, showery precipitation, and cumuliform-typed clouds. B. good visibility, steady precipitation, and stratiform-type clouds C. poor visibility, intermi
