1、和平稳定是发展的前提和基础。(Peace and stability form the prerequisite and foundation for development.)上个世纪，人类经历了两次世界大战，生灵涂炭， 经济社会发展遭受严重挫折。(The two world wars in the last century caused mankind untold sufferings and world economic and social development severe setbacks.)第二次世界大战结束以来，世界经济能够快速增长，主要得益于相对和平稳定的国际环境。(It
2、 is mainly due to the relatively peaceful and stable international environment that the world economy has been able to grow at a fast pace in the post-war era.)我们应该恪守联合国宪章宗旨和原则，充分发挥联合国及其安理会在维护和平、缔 造和平、建设和平方面的核心作用。(We should abide by the purposes and principles of the UN Charter and bring into full p
3、lay the central role of the United Nations and its Security Council in peace keeping, peace making and peace building.)坚持通过对话和协商，以和平方式解决国际争端。(We should seek peaceful settlement of international disputes through dialogue and consultation.)我们应该坚持国家不论大小、强弱、贫富都是国际社会平等一员，(All countries, big or small, str
4、ong or weak, rich or poor, are equal members of the international community.)以民主、包容、 合作、共赢的精神实现共同安全，(We should work for common security in a spirit of democracy, inclusiveness, cooperation and win-win progress.)做到一国内部的事情一国自主办、大家共同的事情大家商量办，坚定不移奉行多边主义和国际合作，推进国际关系民主化。(Internal affairs of a country shou
5、ld be handled independently by the country itself and international affairs should be managed collectively through consultation by all. We should be committed to multilateralism and international cooperation, and promote democracy in international relations.)生灵涂炭：plug people into misery and sufferin
6、g/bring a grim human harvest/lives are shattered/carnage/catastrophe.自从 1978 年启动改革以来，中国已从计划经济转为以市场为基础的经济，经历了经济和社会的快速发展。平均 10%的 GDP 增长已使五亿多人脱贫。联合国的“千年（ millennium）发展目标”在中国均已达到或即将达到。目前，中国的第十二个五年规划强调发展服务业和解决环境及社会不平衡的问题。政府已设定目标减少污染，提高能源效率，改善得到教育和医保的机会，并扩大社会保障。中国现在 7%的经济年增长目标表明政府是在重视生活质量而不是增长速度。参考译文：（新东方
7、在线、北京新东方学校 卢根老师）Since the reform in 1978, with the rapid development of economy and society, Chinese economy has transferred into market economy from command economy. The average 10% growth of GDP has lifted more than 500 million people out of poverty. The Millennium Goal of the U.N. has been fully
8、or partially achieved throughout China. At present, the 12th Five-year Plan in China emphasizes the development of service industry and the solution of imbalance of environment and society. The government has set goals to reduce pollution, enhance energy efficiency, improve educational opportunities
9、 and medical insurance and expand social security. The 7% growth annual goal demonstrates that the government is concentrating on the quality of life rather than the speed of growth.中国将努力确保到 2015 年就业者接受过平均 13.3 年的教育。如果这一目标得以实现，今后大部分进入劳动力市场的人都需获得大学文凭。在未来几年，中国将着力增加职业学院的招生人数：除了关注高等教育外，还将寻找新的突破以确保教育制度更加
10、公平。中国正在努力最佳地利用教育资源，这样农村和欠发达地区将获得更多的支持。教育部还决定改善欠发达地区学生的营养，并为外来务工人员的子女提供在城市接受教育的同等机会。参考译文：（新东方在线、北京新东方学校 卢根老师）China will endeavor to ensure every employee to have average 13.3 years of education. If the goal is achieved, a majority of people entering the labor market will be having Bachelors degree.In
11、 the next few years, China will increase the number of people in vocational college. Except focusing on the higher education, the government will find a breakthrough point to ensure the justice of education. China is trying to optimize education resources and, accordingly, the countryside as well as
12、 the less developed areas will receive more support.In addition, the education ministry decides to improve the nutrition of students in less developed areas and provides equal opportunities for the children of workers from out of town to receive education in the city.反应在艺术和文学中的乡村生活理想是中国文明的重要特征。这在很大程
13、度上归功于道家对自然的感情。传统中国画有两个最受青睐的主题，一是家庭生活的各种幸福场景，画中往往有老人在下棋饮茶，男人在耕耘收割，妇女在织布缝衣，小孩在户外玩耍。另一个则是乡村生活的种种乐趣，画有渔夫在湖上打渔，农夫在山上砍柴采药，或是书生坐在松树下吟诗作画。这两个主题可以分别代表儒家和道家的生活理想。参考译文：（新东方在线、北京新东方学校 宋健伟）The ideal rural lifestyle reflected in the art and literature is a great characteristic in Chinese civilization. It is large
14、ly attributed to the Taoism affection to nature.There are two most preferred topics in traditional Chinese paintings. One kind depicts various happy scenes of family life in which the elderly play chess and drink tea, young men farm and harvest in the field, women weave or sew clothes and kids play
15、in the outside. The other depicts the recreations of rural life. In these paintings, fishermen fish on the lake, famers hew or collect herbs（gather herbs） on the hills and scholars compose poems or paintings under pine trees. These two themes respectively represent the ideal life of Confucianism and
16、 Taoism.北京计划未来三年投资 7600 亿元治理污染，从减少 pm 2.5 排放入手。这一新公布的计划旨在减少四种主要污染源，包括 500 万辆机动车的尾气排放、周边地区燃煤、来自北方的沙尘暴和本地的建筑灰尘，另外 850 亿元用于新建或升级城市垃圾处理和污水处理设施，加上 300 亿元投资未来三年的植树造林。市政府还计划建造一批水循环利用工厂，并制止违章建筑，以改善环境。另外，北京还将更严厉地处罚违反减排规定的行为。参考译文：Beijing is going to invest 760 billion yuan to curb environmental pollution in t
17、he next three years, starting from reducing the emissions of pm 2.5 emissions. The newly announced plan is intended to reduce the four major sources of pollution, including emissions of 5 million motor vehicles, coal-burning in surrounding areas, sandstorms from the north and construction dust in th
18、e locality. Another 85 billion yuan is used for establishing or upgrading the facilities of municipal/urban waste treatment and sewage/wastewater treatment. Besides, 30 billion yuan invests to the afforestation program in the next three years.In order to improve the environment, the municipal govern
19、ment also plans to build a good number of plants which can use recycled water and to stop illegal construction. In addition, Beijing will punish those people who violate the regulations of emission-reduction more severely.中国民间艺术与中国哲学统一于“阴阳(yin-yang)生万物”这一理念。这一理念源于中国原始社会，是对人类的人生感悟的哲学注解。中国人祖先的哲学论断是“近看
20、自己，远观他人” 。要理解中华民族民间艺术的原始艺术，这一结论必不可少。人类的本能欲望是生存并通过繁衍(propagation) 继续存在。人生来的首要本能是求生，然后是长寿。从原始社会到今天，阴阳和永生的观念始终贯穿中国的社会生活和民族文化。中国民间艺术反映了社会的所有基本哲学理念。参考翻译Chinese folk art and Chinese philosophy are unified in the belief that yin-yang produces all living things in the world. Originated in Chinese primitive
21、society,this was the philosophical explanation of humans perception of life. Chinese ancestors philosophical conclusion was to “look at oneself up close and other creatures from afar”，which is essential to the understanding of the primitive art to the folk art of the nation. To live and to continue
22、life through propagation are the two instinctive desires of human. From birth, a persons first instinct is to survive, and then to live a long life. From primitive society to the present day,the view of yin-yang and perpetual life has permeated in all aspects of social life and the national culture
23、of Chinese society.Chinese folk art reflects all of the basic philosophical concepts.长期以来，饮酒(white spirit)在中国人的生活中一直扮演着重要的角色，无论是帝王还是百姓。饮酒是中国文化的一部分。中国人的祖先在作诗、写散文时喜欢饮酒，在宴会上还会向亲戚朋友敬酒。但饮酒不仅属于文化人，也是普通人生活中不可缺少的一部分。人们在各种场合饮酒，如生日宴会、饯行宴会、婚礼宴会(wedding banquet)等。搬进新房或生意开业时，也会邀请人们来吃饭、饮酒。参考翻译Drinking white spiri
24、t has been taking an important role in Chinese peoples life from emperors to ordinary people for a long time. Drinking white spirit is a part of Chinese culture. Chinese ancestors enjoyed drinking white spirit while writing poems or proses and they also toasted their relatives and friends at the fea
25、st.But drinking white spirit is not only for scholars，it is also an indispensable part of Chinese ordinary peoples life. People drink white spirit on various occasions, such as the birthday party， farewell dinner，wedding banquet, etc. When someone moves into a new house or starts doing business,he/s
26、he will invite people for dinner and drinking white spirit.丁克家庭中国有一句俗语叫做“不孝有三，无后为大” 。但现在，很多时尚的年轻夫妇选择不生育孩子的生活方式，组建了丁克家庭。(but now,many fashionable couples choose to build DINK families with no children)很多夫妻担心无法给孩子提供优越的生活条件，选择成为丁克家庭。(Many of these couples choose this kind of lifestyle because they are
27、fear of failing to provide their children with good living conditions)现在，孩子的教育费用比过去高很多。(At present,it costs parents much more money than before to afford their childrens education)在大城市，送孩子上好一点的幼儿园要花费巨资，重点中小学的学费更高。(In big cities,it is a huge investment to get into better kindergarten and key primary
28、and middle schools even cost more.)还有一些夫妻成为丁克家庭是迫不得已。当他们做好准备生育孩子时，已经错过了最佳生育年龄。(Some others has to choose DINK families because they miss the best time to become parents when they are ready to have children.)译文：A popular saying has it that “There are three forms of unfilial conduct, of which the wors
29、t is to have no descendants.”But now, it is quite fashionable for many young couples to choose a lifestyle without kids and organize the DINK family. Some couples who choose DINK family are fearful that they cannot provide favorable living conditions for children. Nowadays, the cost of educating a c
30、hild is much higher than that of the past. In a big city, to send a child to a better kindergarten takes a large amount of money and the key primary or secondary schools are even more expensive. Some couples who have chosen DINK family are obliged to do so. When they make preparations for having a b
31、aby, it is a pity that they have missed the most fertile years.翻译词汇：不孝有三，无后为大。There are three forms of unfilial conduct, of which the worst is to have no descendants.时尚的 fashionable生活方式 lifestyle丁克家庭 DINK family担心 fearful优越的 favourable重点中小学 the key primary or secondary school迫不得已 be obliged to do st
32、h.做好准备 make preparations for从某种意义上说，汉语是一种很古老的语言，其最早的汉字已有近四千年的历史了。(In a sense,Chinese is a very old language,its earliest )汉字在其漫长的发展史中演化成许多不同的书写形式，例如篆书、隶书、楷书和行书。(Chinese characters have many different forms such as Seal script, Clerical script, Regular script and Running script,volving from its long
33、history)中国书法家往往使汉字的字形夸张以取得艺术效果，例如旅游胜地的一些石刻碑文。中国书法是一门研究艺术，随着各位学习兴趣的提高，我们将适时介绍中国书法的流派，以及如何欣赏中国书法的艺术性。【翻译译文】In a sense, Chinese is a very old language, and its earliest characters date back nearly four thousand years ago.During their long history of development, Chinese characters have evolved into man
34、y different script forms,such as the Seal script, Clerical script, Regular script and Running script. Chinese calligraphers usually render heir Chinese characters in ways that exaggerate the form to yield artistic beauty, such as those in stone inscriptions seen in tourist resorts. Chinese calligrap
35、hy is a subject of artistic study. As your interest in Chinese character system increases in the days to come, we will introduce in due time the different schools of Chinese calligraphy, and how to appreciate the artistic beauty of Chinese calligraphy.【重点词汇】从某种意义上说 in a sense汉字 Chinese character演化 e
36、volve书写形式 script form篆书 Seal script隶书 Clerical script楷书 Regular script行书 Running script书法家 calligrapher致使 render取得 yield旅游胜地 tourist resort石刻碑文 stone inscription适时 in due time欣赏 appreciate围棋是两位对弈者之间战略性的棋盘游戏(board game)。(WEIQI is a strategic board game between two players.)围棋已有 3000 多年的历史，可以说是所有古代棋类游
37、戏的起源。(With a history of over 3,000 years,WEIQI can be regarded as the originator of all ancient chess games.)围棋的规则很简单，但是有数不尽的策略。这就是围棋的魅力所在。(The rules of WEIQI are very simple but there are countless variations of strategies which is just where the fun of the game lies.)下一盘围棋的时间短至 15 分钟，长至数天。 (The ti
38、me of one round of WEIQI can be as short as 15 minutes or as long as a few days.)但是多数情况下，下一盘围棋需要一或两个小时。(In most conditions,though,it takes 1 or 2 hours to finish one round.)围棋是综合科学、艺术和竞赛的游戏。(WEIQI is a game that combines science,art and competition.)围棋对于智力发展、性格培养和灵活的策略学习非常有益。(Its beneficial for inte
39、lligence development,personality cultivation and flexible strategy learning.)难怪围棋已经流行了几千年，并逐渐成为一项国际文化游戏。(There is no wander that the game has been popular for thousands of years and is gradually becoming an international cultural game.)参考翻译：Weiqi is a strategic board game between two players. With a
40、 history of over 3,000 years, the game can be regarded as the originator of all ancient chess games.The rules of Weiqi are very simple but there are countless variations of strategies.This is where the beauty of the game lies. The time for one round of weiqi can be as short as 15minutes or as long a
41、s a few days. In most cases, though, it takes one or two hours to finish one round. Weiqi is a game that combines science, art and competition. Its beneficial for intelligence development, personality cultivation and flexible strategy learning. Its no wonder the game having been popular for thousand
42、s of years and is gradually becoming an international cultural game.唐朝时期，人们就在昌南建造窑坊(kiln),烧制出一种青白瓷 (bluish white porcelain)。 (In the Tang dynasty,people built kilns to make bluish white porcelain in CHANGNAN.)青白瓷色彩晶莹，有“人造玉器”的美称，因而远近闻名，并大量出口欧洲。(The bluish white porcelain was glittering and had the re
43、putation of artificial jade,so it became famous home and abroad and was exported to Europe in large amount.)当时，欧洲人还不会制造瓷器，因此中国特别是昌南镇的瓷器很受欢迎。(At that time,Europeans were not able to make porcelain,so porcelain from China,especially from CHANGNAN,was warmly welcomed.) 在欧洲，昌南镇瓷器是备受珍爱的贵重物品，人们以能获得一件昌南镇瓷器
44、为荣。(In Europe,porcelain from CHANGNAN was luxurious article cherished by everyone,and obtaining even one piece of it would make people feel very proud.)因此，欧洲人就以“昌南 ”作为瓷器和生产瓷器的 “中国”的代称。 (Therefore,Europeans used CHANGNAN as the code name for china(porcelain) and the place of its production,China.)久而久
45、之，欧洲人就把昌南的本意忘却了，只记得它是“瓷器” ，即“中国”了。(Gradually,Europeans forgot the original meaning of CHANGNAN,only remembering it is “china”,namely “China”.)【参考翻译】In the Tang Dynasty, people started to build kilns to make bluish white porcelain in Changnan. The bluish white porcelain was glittering and had the rep
46、utation of artificial jade, so it became famous home and abroad and was exported to Europe in large amount. At that time, Europeans were not able to make porcelain,so porcelain fromChina，especially from Changnan，was warmly welcomed. In Europe，porcelain from Changnanwas luxurious article cherished by
47、 everyone, and obtaining even one piece of it would makepeople feel very proud. In this way， Europeans used Changnan as the code name for china(porcelain) and the place of its production，China. Gradually, Europeans forgot the original meaning of Changnan，only remembering it is “china”，namely“China”.
48、【词汇解析】1.烧制出一种青白瓷: 可译为 make bluish white porcelain， 烧制可译为 make，“青白色的” 可译为 bluish white。2.色彩晶萤:可译为 glittering,意为“闪闪发光的”。3.远近闻名:可译为 be famous home and abroad。4.以为荣 :即 be proud of,文中译为make people feel proud。5.久而久之:理解为“逐渐地”，可用 gradually 来表达。6.只记得它是瓷器:根据前后句，本句可译为 only remembering it is “china”, 用现在分词作状语来表
49、达。长安，今称西安，是唐朝的都城。(Changan,now called Xian,was the capital of the Tang Dynasty.)唐朝时期的长安约比今天的西安大 11 倍，是具有国际声誉的大都市(metropolis)。(During the Tang Dynasty,Changan was nearly eleven times as large as todays Xian,and was a metropolis with an international reputation.)长安的街道和住宅设计得像一个棋盘，东西布局整洁、匀称。(The streets and residences of Changan were designed like a chessboard,with neat and well-proportioned layout of the east and west.)长安城内，很多街道的宽度都超过了 100 米。(Lots of
