1、1Track and Field Study of Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation SystemAbstract. Scientific research requires not only qualitative but also quantitative treatment. Qualitative is the basis of quantitative, while the quantitative is the qualitative precision. Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation adapted to this re
2、quest, it can resolve many fuzzy factors of track and field techniques. In this paper, Visual Basic 6.0, Delphi 6.0, and Vc+6.0 development tools are used. From the practical application point of view, this paper developed a track and field technique of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation system in order
3、 to enhance the track and field technique evaluation timeless, objectivity, accuracy, scientific. Key words: Track and Field Techniques; Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation; Qualitative and Quantitative; Simulation 1. Introduction In the modern times, track and field competition is becoming increasingly
4、fierce. Therefore, improving the growth rate of elite track and field athletes has been focused by people. However, the improvement of the growth rate should be 2equipped with related high-quality evaluation methods and standards. Those traditional evaluation methods based on qualitative judgment wi
5、ll be certainly unable to meet the needs of the development of the times. 2. Study Objects and Methods 2.1 Study Objects Male and female track and field techniques and evaluation methods are studied in this paper. 2.2 Study Methods 2.2.1 The Literature Material Law Literatures about the evaluation o
6、f sports techniques were consulted for finding out the problems in the evaluation of sports techniques. 2.2.2 Investigation and Interview An investigation was made among the coaches, referees and management personnel working in the front-line trainings for knowing well the requirements on the system
7、. 2.2.3 Mathematical Modeling Method A fuzzy comprehensive evaluation mathematical model was established for generating a model library. 2.2.4 System Analysis Method The current methods for evaluating track and field 3techniques were deeply analyzed, and then a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation system
8、was developed for track and field techniques under the guidance of system methodology. 2.2.5 Software Engineering Method The software system was designed and developed with object-oriented visual programming languages Visual Basic 6.0, Delphi 6.0, vc+ 6.0. 3. Analysis on the Current Situation of Tra
9、ck and Field Techniques Evaluation A track and field technique is composed by several interrelated links, but each link is influenced by many factors. However, these factors are with different fuzziness. Therefore, the comprehensive technique strength of a track and field athlete cant be comprehensi
10、vely measured simply relying on qualitative judgment. The advantages and disadvantages of track and field techniques evaluation play an important role in teaching and training, and evaluation in line with practical requirements can correctly reflect the actual track and field techniques learnt by at
11、hletes, so that the teaching and training efficiencies can be improved. Therefore, a comprehensive evaluation mathematics model based on strict science is necessarily sought and thus the actual development needs of 4track and field techniques can be fulfilled. According to a great number of fuzzy fa
12、ctors in track and field techniques evaluation, fuzzy mathematics can be applied: qualitative and quantitative analysis methods can be combined to research and develop a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation system for track and field techniques, so as to provide scientific basis for teaching and training.
13、 4. Theoretical Basis of the Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method for Track and Field Techniques 4.1 Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method for Track and Field Techniques Comprehensive evaluation is a method for making a comprehensive decision in consideration of the influence of many factors. The e
14、valuation on the current situation of track and field techniques is the foundation for the selection and training of track and field athletes, and the application of the traditional comprehensive evaluation for track and field techniques is not so rigor that evaluation results will be distorted. Con
15、sidering that a track and field technique is a complex of multiple fuzzy factors, the application of the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method can objectively reflect the quality of a track and field technique. 5The fuzzy comprehensive evaluation is an evaluation method used for solving the fuzzy pr
16、oblem affecting track and field technique evaluation factors with fuzzy mathematics and combined qualitative and quantitative methods, and ultimately implementing a scientific evaluation on all links of a track and field technique. Therefore, the teaching and training efficiencies can be greatly imp
17、roved by it. 4.2 Steps of Implementing the Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method for Track and Field Techniques A track and field technique is composed by several interrelated links, but each link is also a complex composed by several sub-links. Therefore, for track and field techniques, multilevel
18、fuzzy comprehensive evaluation is more suitable (taking the secondary comprehensive evaluation as an example). The specific steps are as follows. 4.2.1 Determining the Set of Evaluation Factors and the Set of Evaluation Levels According to a specific track and field technique, technique decompositio
19、n is made for determining the set of evaluation factors. , and The set of evaluation levels such as “excellent“, “good“, 6and “average“ is determined: . 4.2.2 Evaluating the Single Factors in the Level-1 Indexes and then Determining the Comprehensive Evaluation Matrix for Factor Evaluators were orga
20、nized to fill an evaluation form for each evaluated object respectively and then make statistics and calculation. That is, the comprehensive evaluation matrix for factor was solved. In the above, is the membership of the single factor in the evaluation level . 4.2.3 Determining the weight allocation
21、 of factor in Using ( , , ) as evaluation model, the weight allocation of factors in was given. The following method (statistics) was generally used for determining the weight allocation of each factor: representative evaluators were called and invited by evaluation organizer to independently provid
22、e a weight distribution scheme ( ) for factors and then calculate the mean value and mean-square deviation. Mean value: Mean-square deviation: If and were lower than the pre-given allowable values, 7could be defined as the weight of the kth factor; if and were bigger than the pre-given allowable val
23、ues, the above representative evaluators would be invited to make a discussion for reaching an agreement, and thus the weight allocation matrix was solved. 4.2.4 Comprehensive Evaluation According to the theory of fuzzy transformation, the above solved and were compositely operated, and thus the com
24、prehensive evaluation result of factors in was solved. Considering the set of the level-2 factors, was used as for the single factor evaluation result of to solve the level-2 evaluation matrix. Using ( ) as evaluation model, the weight allocation matrix of level-2 factors in was given with the metho
25、d of the factor weight allocation in . After a compound operation on and , the comprehensive evaluation result of factor in was solved. According to the principle of maximum membership, the comprehensive evaluation level for an evaluation object can be solved based on the above equation. 5. Developm
26、ent and Research of the Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation System for Track and Field Techniques 5.1The Overall Structure Design of the Fuzzy Comprehensive 8Evaluation System for Track and Field Techniques On the basis of referring to the basic characteristics and principles of many computer management
27、system designs such as DSS, ES, MIS, and FSS and combining the characteristics of track and field techniques, a currently popular library structure was applied in the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation system, and the following basic structure for the system was preliminarily designed, as shown in figur
28、e 1. The whole structure is composed by man-machine interface dialogue system, action library, model library, knowledge library, weight library, and reasoning mechanism, etc. The major functions are as follows. Man-machine interface dialogue system: It manages and implements all conversations and co
29、mmunications between the systems of user and expert; the interface attaches importance to users learning, creation, and auditing. Action library management system: Action library is mainly used for storing all techniques and actions of track and field event as well as the set of the evaluation facto
30、rs of all techniques. Knowledge library management system: The functions of knowledge base and its management system are systemically 9organizing and managing knowledge, storing, adding, deleting, modifying, and inquiring knowledge, and also checking the consistency and integrity of knowledge. Model
31、 library management system: The core of the system is implementing modeling and evaluation analysis; the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model is mainly used. Weight library management system: It stores the memberships of all the links of a track and field technique, and also completes related modifi
32、cation, search, and adding operations, etc. Reasoning machine: It is the core of implementing the system. The system makes intelligent reasoning, helps users complete evaluation analysis and also starts evaluation model for calculation according to the characteristics of evaluated objects and the st
33、oring knowledge of knowledge library. Fig.1: The structure of the libraries of the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation system for track and field techniques 5.2 The Functional Module Design of the Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation System for Track and Field Techniques The fuzzy comprehensive evaluation syst
34、em for track and field techniques mainly includes three modules: comprehensive information management, evaluation support system, and 10comprehensive affairs processing. The comprehensive information management module is used for managing and operating technique decomposition information, athlete in
35、formation, technique characteristic information, evaluation index information, weight allocation information, and result output information, and also implementing the functions of information input, storage, search, modification, calling and deleting, etc. The evaluation support system is used for f
36、inishing the evaluation on specific track and field techniques under the supports of prediction model, evaluation model, statistical analysis model, and expert knowledge, and also allowing the evaluated results to pass the appraisal, evaluation and analysis of experts. The comprehensive affairs proc
37、essing module is used for evaluation result output, statistics, and communication between expert information. The evaluation support module is the core, and the comprehensive information management module and the comprehensive affairs processing module are the foundation. Fig.2: The Overall Functional Module Design of the Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation System for Track and Field Techniques 5.3 Software Development of the Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation System for Track and Field Techniques 5.3.1 Development Tools
