1、智浪教育普惠英才文库2013 届（2012 学年）上海市高三英语一模简答（长宁）“Neither a borrower nor a lender be.” Although this might be excellent advice in matters concerning family and friends, borrowing and lending are frequently the foundation of a booming economy. A loan is a sum of money borrowed for a limited period. A loan may
2、 be obtained from an individual or from an institution such as a bank and is generally granted at a specific rate of interest. Interest is the fee that the borrower pays to use the money. An extremely high rate of interest - and certainly any amount more than law permits - is called usury. Lending m
3、oney can be a risky business, for there is always the possibility that the borrower may not be able to pay the loan. For this reason, a lender generally requires the borrower to register something valuable of his or hers, known as collateral (抵押), as a part of the loan agreement. A house or an autom
4、obile, investments in the stock market, even the value of a business, are all examples of collateral that a lender may be willing to accept in the event that the borrower fails to pay the loan. There are two major sorts of loans: consumer loans and commercial loans. A consumer loan is one that is ma
5、de to an individual, and it may be to buy a house or an automobile or to finance an education. A commercial loan may be used to start a new business, pay for new equipment and staff, or expand an office or factory. The business of making loans also contributes to a healthy economy by enhancing the e
6、mployment market. Loans allow consumers to buy and improve homes, creating jobs for carpenters, architects and etc. Loans enable businesses to expand, and when these businesses open a branch office or a new store, they also increase their consumption of office supplies, furnishings, and computers. I
7、n a booming economy, money circulates quickly, and each deal represents earnings for someone. It may be reasonable to say that a certain level of debt is normal, even necessary, to a healthy economy as long as the individual borrower or business is careful and try not to take on more than a manageab
8、le amount of debt.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)81. “Neither a borrower nor a lender be.” is excellent advice for keeping good family and friends while it is _. 82. What is the purpose of collateral in a loan agreement?83. Different from commercial
9、 loans, consumer loans may be used to _. 84. How can the individual borrower or business profit from a booming economy?81. not for building / developing a booming / fast-growing economy82. To prevent the borrower from not paying the loan. / 83. fulfill / achieve the purpose of personal development /
10、 智浪教育普惠英才文库84. By being careful and avoiding being in too much debt / （闸北）A son in many developing countries means insurance, who will inherit his fathers property and help support the family. However, to parents, a daughter is just another expense. Her place is in the home, not in the world of men.
11、 A girl cant help but feel inferior when everything around her tells her that she is worth less than a boy. Her future is, to some extent, shaped as soon as her family limits her opportunities and treat her as second-rater, which explain why women in developing countries perform much worse than men
12、both in study and career. Deep discrimination (歧视)against women creates a firm force that keeps girls from living up to their full potential. It also leaves them victims to severe physical and emotional harm. These “servants of the household“ come to accept that life will never be any different. Wha
13、ts most harmful, it results not only in millions of individual tragedies, but also in the lost potential for the entire country. Studies show there is a direct link between a countrys attitude toward women and its social and economic progress. The status of women is central to the health of a societ
14、y. If one part suffers, so does the whole.To deal with the situation, many women turn to education. Educated women are essential to ending sex discrimination, starting by reducing the poverty The most basic skills in literacy and Maths open up opportunities for better-paying jobs for women. Uneducat
15、ed women in rural areas of Zambia, for instance, are twice as likely to live in poverty as those who have had eight or more years of education.Women who have had some schooling are more likely to get married later, survive childbirth, have fewer and healthier children, and make sure their own childr
16、en complete school. Understanding the importance of hygiene (卫生）and nutrition, they are more likely to stay in physical wellness.Nevertheless, the comprehensive change for a society speaks for the more far-reaching meaning of women education. As women get the opportunity to go to school and obtain h
17、igher-level jobs, they gain status in their communities, which translates into the power to influence their families and societies. Such power may, together with other forces of outside interference, make even bigger changes possible and gradually lighten up womens fates in these countries. (Note: A
18、nswer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)81. What two facts make a woman achieve less than men in developing countries?82. The most severe result of discrimination against women is _.83. Why are educated women in developing countries more likely to remain healthy?84.
19、 High social position at home helps women to have the ability to _.81. Her family limiting her opportunities and treating her as second-rater.82. the lost potential for the entire country83. Because they understand the importance of hygiene and nutrition.84. influence their families and societies智浪教
20、育普惠英才文库（杨浦）Pizza Hut lovers, you can now smell just like your favorite food. Pizza Hut launches its own perfume that smells like a fresh pizza pie. This is not a joke although it started as one! While it might seem like an unusual venture for the brand famous for pizza, the companys perfume is alrea
21、dy available as a limited edition product. fuck myself According to the Globe and Mail, the project started out as a joke by Grip Limited, an advertising firm that works with Pizza Hut in Canada, who asked the chains Facebook fans to imagine the pleasant smell of a fresh-delivered pie as a perfume a
22、nd to name it. Fans responded to the idea so enthusiastically that Grip Limited decided to take the joke a step further and make the perfume a reality.A month and a half later, to celebrate that Pizza Hut Canada had gotten 100,000 fans, the chains community managers announced that the first 100 peop
23、le to message them would actually get a bottle of Pizza Hut perfume. And sure enough, the bottles were shipped to those 100 lucky fans before Christmas. Grip Limited isnt the only company to attract attention with odd aromas (芳香). Four years ago, Burger King offered a $4 meat-scented body spray for
24、men. Before that in 2006, Stilton created a perfume meant to mimic (模拟) the scent of blue cheese. Pizza Hut Canada has not announced any plans to make more of the perfume in the future. But the chain also said in the release that its possible the perfume could appear in stores in the future. (Note:
25、Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.) 81. Some people consider the perfume a joke because they think Pizza Hut is a _. 82. _ pushed Grip Limited to turn the joke into reality. 83. Who are the lucky birds to get the perfume? 84. Why did Pizza Hut follow Burger Ki
26、ngs steps to release a perfume? 81. famous brand for pizza 82. The fans enthusiastic response to the project / idea / activity 83. The first 100 people to message the Pizza Hut Canada 84. To attract public attention （徐汇）If you need another reason to give thanks at the dinner table on Thanksgiving Da
27、y, hows this: people who maintain an “attitude of gratitude” tend to be happier and healthier than those who dont, according to an instructive article this week in the Wall Street Journal.The WSJs Melinda Beck reports that adults who feel grateful have “more energy, more optimism, more social connec
28、tions and more happiness than those who do not, according to 智浪教育普惠英才文库studies conducted over the past decade. Now a new study conducted by researchers at Hofstra University the results of which are set to be published in an upcoming issue of the Journal of Happiness Studies finds similar benefits o
29、f gratitude for adolescents as well.Dr. Jeffrey J. Froh, assistant professor of psychology and lead researcher of the new study, surveyed 1,035 students aged from 14 to 19 and found that grateful students reported higher grades, more life satisfaction, better social integration and less envy and dep
30、ression than their peers who were less thankful and more materialistic. Additionally, feelings of gratitude had a more powerful impact on the students lives overall than materialism.What the majority of the research suggests is that gratitude should be chronic（长期的） in order to make a lasting differe
31、nce in well-being. Dr. Robert Emmons, professor of psychology at the University of California, Davis, and a pioneer in gratitude research, told the WSJ that in order to reap（收获） all of its benefits, feeling gratitude must be rooted into your personality, and you must frequently acknowledge and be th
32、ankful for the role other people play in your happiness: “The key is not to leave it on the Thanksgiving table,” he said.For older children and adults, one simple way to cultivate gratitude is to literally count your blessings. Keep a journal and regularly record whatever you are grateful for that d
33、ay. Be specific. Listing “my friends, my school, my dog” day after day means that “gratitude tiredness” has set in, Dr. Froh says. Writing “my dog licked my face when I was sad” keeps it fresher. The real benefit comes in changing how you experience the world. Look for things to be grateful for, and
34、 youll start seeing them.Studies show that using negative, insulting words even as you talk to yourself can darken your mood, as well. Fill your head with positive thoughts, express thanks and encouragement aloud and look for something to be grateful for, not criticize, in those around you, especial
35、ly loved ones.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)81. According to the article in the Wall Street Journal, people who dont maintain an “attitude of gratitude” tend to be _. 82. What are the major findings of the new study at Hofstra University about?83.
36、According to the passage, how can people probably avoid “gratitude tiredness”?84. In order not to darken our moods, wed better stop _.81. less happy and healthy82. Benefits of gratitude for adolescents. / Adolescents benefit from feeling gratitude.83. By regularly recording specific things they are
37、grateful for.84. using negative, insulting words（松江）My wife and I recently completed a trip to China with China Highlights. It was a very memorable vacation. From start to finish, China Highlights was very helpful and supportive. The start of our trip began with an Internet search for a tour agency
38、that would meet our needs and 智浪教育普惠英才文库expectations. After reviewing and submitting questions to websites of many companies, we selected China Highlights. Our decision was based on the speed and content of their responses, along with the significant amount of support information provided both on th
39、eir websites and in their emailed attachments. In addition, the proposed journey and price for a private tour including plane fares between cities and first class seats on a high speed train were strong incentives (激励) to select China Highlights. Their assistance and flexibility in finalizing the it
40、inerary, with favorable payment terms, further convinced us that we made a good choice. We relied on his recommendations for several pre-departure and planning issues Up to the time of departure, Michael was always available to quickly response to our ongoing questions and ensured that we left fully
41、 prepared.From the time that we first arrived in Beijing and at every destination of the trip, the guide and the driver were at the airport / train station with signs for us. Conversely, as we left each city, they took care in getting us to the proper check-in area on time, with enough instructions
42、for us to easily continue boarding THE transportation despite obvious communication issues since we did not speak Chinese. In hindsight, our concerns about travelling between locations were unnecessary. Similarly, travelling throughout the cities, as we visited each attraction, was very comfortable.
43、 The guides kept us informed of historical and local information. One suggestion would be to pre-identify any sites to visit and have them included in the final journey rather than try to change during the visit.The sights that we visited were most impressive. Obviously, the Great Wall, Forbidden Ci
44、ty and Tiananmen Square, and the Terra Cotta Soldiers were everything we expected. The guides were very knowledgeable, and helped us understand many aspects of these areas.After we returned home, China Highlights followed up to make sure that we were satisfied with our trip, and to get any feedback
45、that we wanted to provide. They even addressed some minor issues that we cited. Overall, China Highlights went over and above our expectations.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)81. What made the couple choose China Highlights during their visit to Chin
46、a? 82. The overseas visitors were satisfied with China Highlights services except _.83. During their visit, not only the sights but also _ made a great impression on them.84. How did China Highlights improve its quality of service after the visitors finished their journey?25. That China Highlights w
47、as very helpful and supportive.25. changing final journey during the visit. 25. the knowledgeable and helpful guides and the driver25. It followed up to get any feedback / It addressed some minor issues that visitors cited智浪教育普惠英才文库（青浦）Oscar-winning director Ang Lees new epic “Life of Pi” reveals th
48、e relationship between a teenage Indian boy and a Bengal tiger. But in reality, the predators（食肉动物） are under increasing threat from humans. Animal rights group PETA is hoping to use the popularity of the film to focus peoples attention on the real life of Bengal tigers.With the rising demand for ti
49、ger parts from East Asia, illegal hunting remains a tremendous danger for the remaining cat population. Back in 1947, there were 40,000 tigers in India, but the number is experiencing a sharp decline to 1,706 despite campaigns to protect the animal.Rising man-animal conflict is also one of the leading causes of decline in tiger numbers. In one of numerous repo
