1、Unit2 Topic 3What can we do at home to protect the environment语法重点：并列句：是由并列连词把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起构成的句子，连词前可用逗号，也可不用逗号。通常由 and，but,while,or,so 等连词来连接。如：1表示并列关系，动作先后关系，常用连接词有 and, not onlybut also等。如：His father is a teacher and his mother is a doctor.他的父亲是一位老师，母亲是一位医生。Mr. Green can not only drive a car bu
2、t also repair it.格林先生不但会开车而且还能修车。2表示转折，常用连词有 but, while 等。如：I bought my sister a present, but she didnt like it.我给妹妹买了一件礼物，但是她并不喜欢。Tom does housework every day while his sister does nothing.汤姆每天都做家务活，而他的妹妹什么也不做。3表示选择关系，常用连词有 or, eitheror等。如：He speaks French, or perhaps he understands it. 他会讲法语，或者懂法语
3、。Either he could not come or he did not want to. 他要么是不能来要么是不想来。4. 表示因果关系，常用连词有 so, for 等。如：Her mother is ill, so she has to stay at home and look after her mother.她母亲病了，所以她不得不呆在家里照看她。The ground is very wet, for it rained last night. 地面很湿，因为昨晚下雨了。考题链接：1.My father has a great sports collection,_ he pl
4、ays sports every day.A. or B. but C. and2.Its getting dark,_ they are still working.A. and B. but C. so D.or3.Take more exercise, _ you will be healthier.A.but B. For C.and D.so4.Finish your homework,_ you cant play computer games, Jim.A. but B. till C. and D. or 一、重点短语environmental protection 环境的保护
5、 a few questions 一些问题 work for 为工作 protect environment 保护环境 spread the message about 宣传有关 reduce the waste/air pollution 减少浪费/ 空气污染 both sides of 的两面 reuse plastic bags 减少使用塑料袋 save money/ energy/ electricity 省钱/ 能源/ 电 encourage sb.to do sth.鼓励某人做某事 soft drink cans 饮料罐子Waste paper 废纸 sort.into.把.分成
6、be harmful to= do harm to.对.有害Fail the exam 考试不及格 nod/shake the head 点头/ 摇头 hurry up 赶快、快点Several times 几次 give up （doing）sth 放弃（做）某事 2重要句子1my main job is to help 我主要的工作是帮助做有关保护环境的宣传。2We should use both sides of paper and reuse plastic bags.3Recycling can protect the environment,and it can save mone
7、y,too.4He has failed several times. But he never gives up.他已经失败几次了。但他从不放弃。三、重点语言点1. We all know that youre working for an organizations that protects the environment. 我们都知道你在为环保组织工作。 work for 表“为工作”He works for a foreign company in Shanghai. 他在上海为一家外资公司工作。2. We should use both sides of paper, and re
8、use plastic bags rather than throw them away. 我们应该把纸的两面都使用，将塑料袋再次使用而不是轻易扔掉。a) both 修饰复数名词；而 either 修饰单数名词； 如：There are a lot of trees on both sides of the road.= There are a lot of trees on either side of the road. 在路的两边有许多树。Section B1重点短语a greener person环保者 ought to do sth. 应该做某事 shut off 关掉 Had be
9、tter do sth 最好做某事 ride a bike 骑自行车 instead of.而不是/代替Travel a short distance 短途旅行 save energy 节约能源 as.as.和.一样2重要句子1.First, you ought to shut off the electricity when you leave a room. 首先，你离开房间在时候应该随手关灯。2.Second,youd better walk or ride a bike instead of taking a bus or a taxi if you travel a short di
10、stance.第二，如果你短途旅行，最好步行或骑车而不是乘公共汽车或出租车。3.It is so easy to be a greener person.成为一名环保使者真容易。4.Easier said than done 说起来容易，做起来难5.Actions speak louder than words. 行动胜于雄辩三重点语言点1. First, you ought to shut off the lights when you leave a room. 首先，当你离开房间的时候，应该随手关灯。ought to 情态动词, 表 “应该 ; 应当”; 语气比 should 强;指道义
11、上应该做的事,有时含有责备或督促的语气。should 指主观上感到有责任或义务去做。如：You ought to help your mother do some housework.你应该帮你妈妈做些家务。We should study hard.我们应该努力学习。其否定式和疑问式：You oughtnt to get up so late in the morning.你早晨不应该起这么晚。Ought I to tell her the bad news? 我该告诉她坏消息吗？Yes, you ought. No, you oughtnt.2.Its so easy to be a gre
12、ener person.句型：It is/was+ adj.+to do sth 做某事是.的。 句型中 it 为形式主语，真正主语为：to be a greener person.注意和 It is + adj+（of sb ） to do sth。 It 在这里也是作为形式主语，真正主语为不定式。区别：在使用时要注意 adj 是说明 sb 的品质特点的还是说明 to do sth 的就可以了.说明 sb 的品质特点用 of sb;说明 to do sth 用 for sb.，简单一句话说就是：说人的用 of sb. 说事的用 for sb。考题链接：( ) 1. We think it i
13、s difficult _ them _ the charity walk without team spirit. (2010 南通)A. for; to finish B. of; to finish C. for; finishing D. of; finishing3.after all 毕竟，终归E.g He is a child after all. 毕竟，他还是个孩子。Section C-D一重要词汇1.produce power from 从 获得能量 2.nuclear energy 核能 3. Everyday lives 日常生活4. use sth to do sth
14、用某物做某事 5. Up to 30 days 长达 30 天6.too.to.太.而不能 7. In the near future 在不久在将来8.reach a speed of + 具体数字 达到某种速度 at a speed of 以某种速度 9.run out 用光、耗尽 10.be used for doing sth = be used to do sth 被用作做某事 11. Face many difficulties 面临许多困难 12.different types of.不同种类的.13.even though 即使，尽管 14.renewable energy 可再
15、生能源 15. In 50 years 50 年后二重要句子1.To solve the energy problem, people all over the world are looking for new ways to produce power.2.This renewable energy is used in peoples everyday lives.3.It can not only protect the environment but also save energy.4.The train can reach a top speed of 431km per hou
16、r.3重点语言点1.在文中划出下面的句子并分析Some countries use nuclear energy to produce power. 译：_点拨：use sth. to do sth.=use sth. for doing sth. -使用某物做某事练习：a.在过去人们使用竹子写字.People _ bamboo _ _ in th past.b.人们用风发电。People _ wind _ producing electricity.区别：还有一些介词也可表示“用” ，如：in，by, witha. You can solve the problem in this way.
17、 译：_b.You can buy lots of things with the money. 译：_c.My father goes to the office by car. 译：_2 The cost is high.译：_点拨：cost a little-花销很少 花销太高-_练习：在大城市生活花销太高。_ _ _ _ to live in big cities.3.It is too small to hold many people 它太小，不能承载太多的人。Too.to.太.而不能.“主语（人）+谓语动词+too形容词/ 副词to do sth.”这个句型是 too.to 结构
18、最基本的常用句型。主语是动词不定式的执行者，too 后接形容词或副词原级，有时 too 后也可跟一个起形容词作用的过去分词，to 后接动词原形。如：The boy is too young to go to school. 这男孩年龄太小，不能上学。He walks too slowly to get there on time. 他走得太慢，不能按时到达那儿hold (v).有多种含义。A.容纳，包含 e.g The plane holds about 300 passengers. 这架飞机可容纳大约 300 名乘客。B.拿着，抓住，进行（比赛，会议等）e.g He was holding
19、 the baby in his arms. 他抱着婴儿。C.召开，举行，进行（比赛，会议等） 。 E.g The Olympic Games are held ever four years.D.(打电话时) 等待，不挂断 e.g Hold on,please. 请等一下。3.It takes people just 7 minutes to go to the airport 30 km away. 译：_点拨：花费大盘点 1.) It takes sb. 时间 to do sth. - 做某事花费某人.时间2.) 人 spend 钱或时间 (in) doing sth. - 某人花费钱或
20、时间做某事on sth. - 某人在某物上花费钱或时间3.) 人 pay 钱 for 物 - 某人为某物付钱 4.) 物 cost 钱 - 某物价值多少钱考题链接：Do you always spend lots of time playing computer games?No, but I spend much time my homework.A. on; in B. on; on C. in; on D. in; in I paid ten yuan for the book. (写出同义句)The book _ _ ten yuan.I _ ten yuan _ the book.4
21、. The train can reach a top speed of 431 km per hour. 译：_点拨：reach a speed of+ 具体速度 -达到某个速度链接：at a speed of + 具体速度- 以某个速度, 可用 high, low, full 等形容词修饰 speed 。练习：a.北京至天津线火车时速达到每小时 300 千米。Beijing-Tianjin train _ _ _ _ 300 km per hour.b.我们以每小时 30 英里的速度前进。We were traveling _ _ _ _thirty miles per hour.5.Ho
22、wever, maglev guide paths are much more expensive than traditional steel railways.译：_点拨：形容词前可加 a lot, much, far, a little ,even 等词修饰；还可在形容词比较级前加表数量的词。练习：a.Dont go by plane. Its a lot more expensive. 译：_b. His illness is far more serious than we thought. 译：_c. Its a little colder today than it was ye
23、sterday. 译：_d. It was cold yesterday, but its even colder today. 译：_e. My sister is two years younger than me. 译：_6.It needs its forests to remove carbon dioxide from the air 译_.点拨： “need”作为实义动词时，通常用法是： 人need to do 物need doing 物need to be done 另外， “need”后还可以直接跟名词。请看下面的例子： （1） We need to collect the
24、parcel before we leave for England去英国之前，我们需要收拾好行李。（2） We need _(tell) him the truth我们需要告诉他真相。 （3） My car needs repairing我的汽车需要修理。 （4） The flowers need watering这些花需要浇水。 （5） His leather shoes needs_(mend)他的皮鞋需要修补。 （6） Her room needs_(clean)她的房间需要打扫。7.They plant different types of trees so that birds a
25、nd animals can live in the forests.so that 在句中引导目的状语从句，意为“目的是，为的是” ，可换成 in order that.e.g They climbed higher so that they might see farther. 他们爬行得更高，以便看得更远。so that 还能引导结果状语从句。e.g He got up too late this morning, so that he was late for school. 今天早上他起床太晚了，结果上学迟到了。suchthat 与 so that 同义，意为 “如此以至于” ，引导
26、结果状语从句。Such 后跟名词： such +(a/an) + (adj)+nso 是副词，后跟形容词或副词： So+ adj/adv 有时两者可转换使用。E.g. The stone is so heavy that I cant lift it up.=It is such a heavy rain stone that I cant lift it up. 如果名词前面 有 many、much、little、few 等词修饰时，只能用 so,不能用 such, 例如：There was so much noise outside that I couldnt hear the teacher.练一练：The boy is _ young that he cant look after himself.He got up early_ _ he wont be late.Can you believe that in _ a rich country there should be _many people.Asuch, such Bsuch, so Cso, so Dso , such
