1、1. 英译汉Just as Darwin discovered the law of development of organic nature so Marx discovered the law of development of human history, the simple fact , hitherto concealed by an overgrowth of ideology, that mankind must first of all eat, drink, have shelter and clothing before it can pursue politics,
2、science, art, religion, etc; that, therefore the production of the immediate material means of subsistence and consequently the degree of economic development attained by a given people during a given epoch form the foundation upon which the state institutions, the legal conceptions, art, and even t
3、he ideas on religion, of the people concerned have been evolved, and in the light of which they must, therefore, be explained, instead of vice versa, as had hitherto been the case.英译汉：正如达尔文发现有机自然界的发展规律一样，马克思发现了人类历史的发展规律，即历来繁茂芜杂的意识形态所掩盖着的一个简单事实：人们首先要吃、要喝、要穿、要住，然后才能从事政治、科学、艺术、宗教等等;所以，生产直接与生活有关部门的物质用品，
4、会为一个民族或一个时代带来一定的经济发展，这两者又构成了国家制度、法律观念、艺术以及宗教思想的基础。因此，我们必须从这个方向来解释上述种种观念与思想，而不是依随那一直以来的相反方向去解释这些观念与思想。2. 汉译英曲曲折折的荷塘上面，弥望的是田田的叶子。叶子出水很高，像亭亭的舞女的裙。层层的叶子中间，零星地点缀着些白花，有袅娜地开着的，有羞涩地打着朵儿的;正如一粒粒的明珠，又如碧天里的星星，又如刚出浴的美人。微风过处，送来缕缕清香，仿佛远处高楼上渺茫的歌声似的。这时候叶子与花也有一丝的颤动，像闪电般，霎时传过荷塘的那边去了。叶子本是肩并肩密密地挨着，这便宛然有了一道凝碧的波痕。叶子底下是脉脉的
5、流水，遮住了，不能见一些颜色;而叶子却更见风致了。汉译英：As far as eye could see, the pool with its winding margin was covered with trim leaves, which rose high out of the water like the flared skirts of dancing girls. And starring these tiers of leaves were white lotus flowers, alluringly open or bashfully in bud, like glimme
6、ring pearls, stars in an azure sky, or beauties fresh from the bath. The breeze carried past gusts of fragrance, like the strains of a song faintly heard from a far-off tower. And leaves and blossoms trembled slightly, while in a flash the scent was carried away. As the closely serried leaves bent,
7、a tide of opaque emerald could be glimpsed. That was the softly running water beneath, hidden from sight, its colour invisible, though the leaves looked more graceful than ever.I.Chinese to English1.逢年过节, 把屋子收拾利索, 长了能维持几个月, 短了不消几天, 屋子里又乱了, 主要是书在捣乱, 到处是书堆。外出总禁不住要逛书店, 逛书店就不可能不买书。新书、准备要看的书、看了一半的书、写作正用得
8、着的书、有保存价值的书, 占据了我房子里的绝大部分空间; 而且还不断扩展, 每时每刻都在蚕食供我存身的那块空间。这不是侵略是什么? 我舒舒服服、自得其乐地接受这种侵略和征服。1. Before every New Year or major celebrations, there would be a general cleaning. The room could usually be kept tidy for a couple of months, but often it was a matter of only a few days before the room was a mes
9、s again, and that was mainly due to those books, piles of books, everywhere. Whenever I was out on business, I couldnt help going to bookstores, and once I was there, I could never resist the temptation of buying more .New books, books that I had a thought of reading, books of which I only finished
10、half, books needed for my writing, and books that had values to keep took up most of the space in my room, and they were ever expanding, eating up a11the time the remaining part of my room that provided the minimum space for me as the dweller there. Isnt this an invasion? But I accepted invasion of
11、such kind with comfort and pleasure.2.孩子简单。他们不爱钱, 不爱荣誉, 不爱大而漂亮的房子, 有人把他弄痛了, 哭过一场也什么都忘了。所以, 他们脑袋一碰枕头就能呼呼睡去, 拥有世界上最佳质量的睡眠。孩子好奇。孩子总在想一些东西, 也在思考一些东西。他们的大脑常常处于快乐的旋转之中。一朵奇特的云, 一片鲜见的树叶, 都会引发孩子许多的联想。同样的生活, 在孩子的眼里会呈现出我们发现不了的乐趣和快乐。2.Children are not sophisticated. They do not love money or reputation, or thos
12、e big and magnificent houses. If they are hurt by someone, they cry it off. That is why they usually fall to sound sleep once their heads touch the pillow, and they enjoy the best-quality sleep in the world.Children arc always curious. They are always fancying and thinking, and their brain is always
13、 in a happy whirl. A strangely-shaped cloud, a rarely-seen leaf, all these will arouse endless associations from them. The same life, in childrens eyes, will present pleasures and happiness which we grown-ups can never imagine.3. 处在心灵的荒漠中, 谁都会为这无际的空虚而感到寂寞、孤独甚至恐惧。其实, 这荒漠只是视野中的“海市蜃楼”。“外面世界歌声”依旧悦耳, 花草依
14、旧芳艳, 热情的朋友们正向你走来。只要你自己能够拨开眼前的迷雾, 仔细审视 “ 视野 “ 中的景象, 正视内心的细微感动, 就会发现视野中的美, 自然而然地摆脱这无援的境地。3. If you feel yourself in a desert of heart, you would certainly feel lonely and even frightened among such a vast space of emptiness. In fact, it is just a visionary mirage, common to many people. In fact, there
15、 are always pleasant melodies in the world outside, as well as pretty scenes and warm-hearted friends walking up to you. You are sure to see the beauty in your vision and get away from the helpless situation if you can see through the mist around you, study the scenes in your vision, face every litt
16、le move in your heart.4. 那么失去后的感觉会使你明白拥有的宝贵。当你在黑暗中勾勒黎明的天空时, 才明白已从眼前过去的东方朝霞有多美丽; 当你人过中年时, 才明白年轻时代荒废了多少光阴; 当你默数浑浑噩噩的往日时, 才明白该干而没干的太多太多; 当你踊踊独行在人生路上时, 才明白曾经同行的幸福。如果认为一切都是自然的给予, 那么失去也将是必然的惩罚。4. You will realize the value of possessing something only after you lose it. When you imagine the feeble light o
17、f dawn in total darkness, you realize the beauty of morning sun light that has passed; you are already advanced in years before you wail over the time wasted when you were young; when you are silently counting the number of days idled away, you find that you have left so many things that should have
18、 been accomplished; and you will not see how valuable it is to have a companion in life until you find yourself struggling along all alone. If you take everything for granted, you are sure to lose it, a punishment that is inevitable.5.水滴可以穿石, 绳锯可以断木, 飞瀑之下, 怎么没有深渊? 飞瀑是深渊的母亲,是她孕育着深渊; 飞瀑是深渊的 “上帝“, 是他创造
19、出深渊。飞瀑之于深渊, 真是关系密切, 作用 巨大。飞瀑是深渊之因, 深渊是飞瀑之果。看到飞瀑下的深渊, 自然会对飞瀑肃然起敬。可是有些人, 却不尽然, 他们站在深渊面前, 赞叹的只是那一潭深邃的绿水, 却忘记了那飞瀑日夜冲击的功劳。5. Dripping water can drill through the stone, as much as seesawing rope can cut tree trunks. So it is all too natural that under the downpour of waterfalls there must be a deep pond.
20、 Waterfalls are mothers that give birth to deep ponds, or god that creates them. Waterfalls have everything to do with the ponds beneath as the former is the cause while the latter the result. One grows respectful to waterfalls when she/he sees the pond beneath. But not for someone z those people on
21、ly admire the profundity of the dark green water of the pond and totally forgot that it was the waterfalls that made these ponds day and night.6 后来鸟巢渐渐少了。村庄没有了树术, 也就没有了鸟巢。村西北角二里路的地方有一个鸟巢,成为我们村土地上惟一的一个鸟巢。其实, 鸟巢实在是鸟儿们给人类的一种特殊的赏赐, 是鸟儿们赏赐给人类的爱护自然、保护环境的勋章, 是鸟儿们戴在人类头上的光荣的桂冠。鸟巢越多, 你的功劳越大, 光荣也就越多。没有鸟巢的村庄不能算
22、村庄, 要算也只能算是耻辱的村庄。所幸的是在我们村庄周围, 鸟巢又一个接一个地建立起来了。6. But later, birds, nests became fewer and fewer. When there were no trees in a village, it was natural that there were not any birds, nests. And the only nest that was still there was the one two lis (one kilometer)from the northwest corner of the villa
23、ge. In fact, however, birds, nests are really a special reward the birds confer to human beings, a medal from the birds to those who love nature and protect the environment, a laureate put on their head by the birds. The more the birds, nests, the more your contribution is, and the more glory you ha
24、ve .A village without a birds, nest cannot be called a village, at least a village of shame. Fortunately, birds, nests are being bunt up one after another all around our village now.7.深一点的观点来思考, 这世间有许多的衫,“怨僧会”, 在相聚时感到重大痛苦的人比比皆是, 如果没有离别这件好事, 他们不是要永受折, 永远沉沦于恨海之中吗?幸好, 人生有离别。因相聚而幸福的人, 离别是好, 使那些相思的泪都化成甜美
25、的水晶; 因相聚而痛苦的人, 自别最好, 雾散云消看见了开阔的蓝天。可以因缘离散, 对处在苦难中的人, 有时候正是生命的期待与盼望。7. From a more profound point of view, there are in this world many “meetings of complainers”, in which the many participants suffer a lot. And they would be indulged in this forever, drowning themselves in the sea of sorrows and regr
26、ets, should there be no such a good thing as parting. Fortunately, there are partings in our life.Parting is good for those who meet in happiness, as the tears of loving thoughts are turned to sweet crystals; it is especially good for those who feel pains in the meeting, as they could see the blue s
27、ky clearing up when mists and clouds dissipate. Parting or meeting, whenever and whichever comes, are sometimes the lifes expectation for those who find themselves in bitterness and miseries.8.女儿晃晃小脑袋笑了, 三步并作两步地往楼道里奔。我急忙跟上去, 她说: 我要回老家看看。一口气上了五楼, 正待按门铃, 一股洗麻将牌的声浪夺门而出, 间杂着尖锐的笑声。女儿扯了扯我的衣袖, 抽身下楼。瞅着女儿紧绷的
28、小脸, 我把她带到了两幢居民楼间的过道, 问她: 还记得在这里打羽毛球吗? 女儿四处张望说, 才这么巴掌大一块啊? 小时候我觉得好大呢。是不是人小就显出了地方大, 长大了地方就变小了呢?8. Shaking her pretty head, my daughter smiled, and ran toward the doorway in quick steps.I followed her and was told that she would revisit our old home. Climbing up the five flights of the stairway in a br
29、eath, she was about to ring the doorbell when out came a gust of noise, noise of mahjong being reshuffled and shrilling laughter. Pulling at my sleeve, my daughter turned and went down the stairs. Seeing that she was pulling a face, I took her to the lane between two residence buildings and asked wh
30、ether she remembered she had played badminton there. Looking around, she was surprised and said, “Such a small place? I thought it was very big then. Is it that when you are very young, the place seems big and when you grow up it becomes small?“II. English to ChinesePassage 1Another cause of obscuri
31、ty is that the writer is not himself quite sure of his meaning. He has a vague impression of what he wants to say, but has not, either from lack of mental power or from laziness, exactly formulated It in his mind and it is natural enough that he can not find a precise expression for a confused idea.
32、 This is due largely to the fact that many writers think, not before, as they write. The pen originates the thought. The disadvantage of this- and indeed it is a danger against which the author must be always on his guard-is that there is a sort of magic in the written word. The idea acquires substa
33、nce by taking on a visible nature, and then stands in the way of its own clarification.晦涩的另一个原因是作者对要说的内容自己都不太清楚。他对想说的东西只有一个模糊 的印象, 可是或由于心力不济, 或由于懒得用心, 尚没有在内心把它想清楚。思想混乱, 找不到准确的表达, 那是再自然不过的了。这在很大程度上是因为, 许多作者不是想好了再写, 而是边写边想, 是笔尖触发的思想。这么做有一个很不利的因素, 而其包含的危险是作者必须时刻警惕的, 那就是: 书面文字有一种神奇的魔力。思想中的东西一旦有形可见便有了实际的
34、存在, 这反过来又使思想本身无法得到清晰的表达。Passage 2September is more than a month, really; it is a season, an achievement in itself. It begins with Augusts leftovers and it ends with Octobers preparations, but along the way it achieves special satisfactions. After summers heat and haste, the year consolidates itself.
35、 Deliberate September-in its own time and tempo - begins to sum up another summer.We think of spring as the miracle time, when opening bud and new leaf proclaim the persistence of life. But September is when the abiding wonder makes itself known in a subtler way. Now growth comes to annual fruition
36、and preparations are completed for another year, another generation. The acorn ripens and the hickory nut matures.The plant commits its future to the seed and the root. The insect stows tomorrow in the egg and the pupa. The surge is almost over and life begins to relax.真的, 九月不仅是一个月, 她是一个季节, 本身就是收获。她
37、始于承接八月的留赠, 终于 十月的准备, 而在她自己的进程中, 也成就了特殊的满足。经过了夏季的炎热和纷扰, 一年开始充实起来。踌躇满志的九月按着自己的时间表, 以自己的步伐节奏, 开始为又一个夏季做起 了总结。我们总把春天称为神奇的时间, 绽开的嫩芽新叶都宣示着生命生生不息。可九月时光, 那 永恒的奇迹以更为微妙的方式表示着自己的存在。作物到了一年的成熟时期, 为又一年、又一 代做好了准备。橡子成熟了, 胡桃饱满了, 作物将未来赋予种子和根茎。小虫子在卵和窝里储下了明天。生命的激荡过去了, 生活开始平静松弛。I. 汉译英1. 常常是黄昏或者夜晚。丢了一天的疲倦和纷扰 , 我漫步在未名湖边的小
38、路上。明灭闪烁的路灯撒下朦朦胧胧的光晕, 如雾似雨。摇曳的树影和轻轻的晚风, 送来花的清香。间或有数点草虫的鸣叫, 一缕缕年轻人的笑语和歌声, 飘到小路上来, 与湖面上倒映的灯火 , 暗蓝的树, 天上的星光, 一抹晚霞或一钩淡淡的新月, 辉映成有声有色的图景。真像是一首诗, 一首写不尽读不完的诗。Often it was at dusk or evening when a days troubles and fatigue were over, I wandered along the paths around Lake No-Name. A misty hale surrounded the
39、 twinkling light from the lampposts, and the trees waved; along with the soft breeze came the pleasant fragrance of flowers. Occasionally you could hear insects chuckling and young peoples laughing and singing. These, together with the reflection of the lamppost on the water, the dark blue shapes of
40、 trees, the starlight high above in the night sky, and sometimes with a touch of the setting sun or a crescent of the new moon, produced a colorful scene, a scene of poem, which is forever being written and read.2. 山居生活寂寞单调, 冬夜僵冷的黑暗也更是难堪。从小镇买来带有玻璃罩的油灯光芒是微弱的。为了获得更多的光亮, 我试用废弃的瓶瓶罐罐制作了许多形态不一的小油灯。每盏小油灯都绽
41、开一朵火花, 奉献小小的光亮。微弱的光也能划破黑暗, 对沉沉的黑夜是一种无言的反抗。即使熄灭了, 它也燃烧过。何况还能再一次点燃, 继续以它怯弱而又勇敢的火光向黑夜挑战。我满心喜悦地观赏着我自己手下诞生的一点光明。在长夜漫漫的动乱岁月里 , 它燃起了我精神上的火焰。Life in the mountain village was boring and always made one feel lonely, and the cold winter night was even harder. The glass-tube oil lamp bought in the town gave out
42、 only very feeble light. In order to get more light, I tried and made many little oil lamps of various shapes with all kinds of used bottles and pots.Every little oil lamp gave out a little fire, giving out a little light. The feeble light could as well shine through the darkness, a silent protest a
43、gainst the dark night. Even though they would finally burn out, they at least had lit and could be lit again and defy the dark night with their feeble but brave fire light. I was filled with happiness watching the tiny light of my own creation. It was these lights that lit up the fire of my spirit d
44、uring those long and dark days of political turmoil.1、(Opening Speech 开幕词) 主席先生，女士们，先生们：我荣幸地宣布国际贸易合作大会开幕了。我代表中国政府和人民并以我个人的名义，向大会表示热烈的祝贺，并向各位来宾和代表表示热烈的欢迎。我能在这次国际会议上讲话，感到十分荣幸和愉快。这次会议受到了中国对外贸易经济合作部的大力支持。我相信我们共同的努力必将富有成果，并会直接对扩大我们各国的互利贸易做出贡献。我预祝大会圆满成功。我的话讲完了，谢谢各位。Mr. President, Ladies and Gentlemen:It i
45、s my honor to declare opening the Conference of International Trade Cooperation. On behalf of the Chinese Government and the people, and in my own name, I would express my warm congratulations to the Conference and my heartfelt welcome to all the guests and delegates.It is indeed a privilege and a p
46、leasure for me to address this International Conference, convened with the substantial support from the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Relations. I believe our cooperative efforts are sure to be productive and will contribute directly to further trade expansion to the benefit of our countrie
47、s.I wish the conference a great success. Thank you for your attention.2、（Welcoming Speech 欢迎词）女士们，先生们：今晚，我们有机会与史密斯教授欢聚一堂，感到十分荣幸。史密斯教授是我们大家所熟悉的，他在研究国际问题方面取得了巨大的成就，久负盛誉。首先，让我代表今天在座的各位，向远道而来的贵宾表示热烈的欢迎和敬意。史密斯教授多年来一直在研究非洲的发展，对非洲的历史和现状都了如指掌。今晚我们特请他向我们讲讲非洲的局势。现在，请史密斯教授给我们讲话。大家欢迎。Ladies and Gentlemen，We fee
48、l very much honoured this evening to have a chance to get together with Professor Smith, who is already known to us for his great achievements in the study of international problems. Allow me, first of all, on behalf of all present here, to extend our warm welcome and cordial greetings to our distin
49、guished guest who comes from so far away.Professor Smith has made study of developments of Africa for many years, and has a perfect knowledge of Africa, both past and present. Tonight we especially ask him to address us on the situation in Africa,Now, let us invite Professor Smith to speak to us. Welcome.3、Send-Off Speech 欢送词今天，在史密斯教授访问了我国许多地方后，我们再次欢聚一堂，感到特别亲切和愉快。史密斯教授将于明天回国。史密斯教授是我们的一位老朋友。他非常熟悉我们各个方面的情况。他在我国逗留期间，仔细考察了我们的政治、经济、文化和教育。在向史密斯教授告别之际，我们借此机会请他传达我们对他们国家人民的深厚友谊。祝史密斯教授回国途中一路平安，身体健康。现在，热烈欢迎史密斯教授讲话。3、Ladies and Gentlemen，It is with a special sense of cordiality and j
