1、1【中考英语专项复习宾语从句】（一）宾语从句的种类宾语从句在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。1. 由 that 引导的宾语从句。that 只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如：He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.She doesnt know (that) she is seriously ill.I am sure (that) he will succeed.2. 由连接代词 who, whom, whose, what, which 和连接副词 w
2、hen, where, why, how 引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如：Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for?He asked whose handwriting was the best.Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?I dont know why the train is late.3. 由 if 或 whether 引导的宾语从句。 if 和 whether 在句中的意思是“是否”。例如：I want to know if (whether)
3、he lives there.He asked me whether (if) I could help him.（二）宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。例如：I hear (that) physics isnt easy. I think (that) you will like this school soon.Can you tell me how I can get to zoo?Please tell me when well have the meeting.（三）宾语从句的时态1. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什麽时态就用什麽时态。I dont think
4、 (that) you are right.Please tell us where he is.Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station?2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时， 过去进行时， 过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如：2He asked what time it was.He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet.He asked if you had written to Peter.He said that he wou
5、ld go back to the U.S. soon.3. 如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。例如：Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.注意：运用虚拟语气的情况在表示建议 suggest 、advise、propose; 要求 demand 、desire、request； 决定 decide; 命令 order、command、require; 坚决主张 insist;
6、 等动词后跟宾语从句，用虚拟语气：（should）+v（原形） Eg： I suggested that you（should）study hard He ordered that we (should )go out at once 【中考链接】1. Your T-shirt is so cool. Could you tell me _?A. where you buy it B. where do you buy itC. where you bought it D. where did you buy it2.Excuse me .Could you tell me_ I can ge
7、t to the Space Museum?-Of course. You can take bus No.1.A. where B. how C. if D. why3.Do you know _the new mobile phone last week?-Maybe 900 yuan. Im not quite sure.A. how much she paid for B. how much will she pay for C. how much did she pay for4. Michael Jordan has failed over and over again in hi
8、s life.And thats _ he succeeds .A. what B. when C. why D. where5. Alice in Wonderland is a fantastic movie. Its about _.A. how did Alice end the Red Queens reign of terror（恐怖统治）B. what did Alice end the Red Queens reign of terrorC. how Alice ended the Red Queens reign of terrorD. what Alice ended th
9、e Red Queens reign of terror36. Do you know _the girl in red is?Im not sure. Maybe a teacher.A. when B. how C. where D. what7.What did your parents thank about your decision?-They always let me do _I think I should.A. when B. that C. how D. what8. I want to know _.A. when we should arrive at the air
10、port B. when should we arrive at the airportC. when the airport we should arrive at D. when the airport should we arrive at9. -Would you please tell me _?-At 10:00 this evening.A. when will the train leave B. when the train will leave C. when does the train leave10.Could you tell me_?-Fill in this f
11、orm and I will give you a card.A. how I can meet Cathy B. where I can meet Cathy C. when I can meet Cathy11. Do you know _ the man with sunglasses is?-Im not sure. Maybe a reporter.A. who B. what C. where D. how12. -Tommy, do you know if Frank _ to the zoo this Sunday if it _? -Sorry, I have no idea
12、. A. will go; is fine B. goes; is fine C. will go; is going to be fine D. goes; will be fine 13. No one can be sure_ in a million years.A. what man looks like B. what will man look like C. what man looked like D. what man will look like14. Sue told me that she _ shopping with her sister the next day
13、.A. will go B. would go C. goes D. has gone15. The new-designed car is on show now. I wonder _.4A. how much it cost B. how much did it cost C. how much it costs D. how much does it cost16. -When do you think _?-About half past five. I will pick him up at the airport.A. he will come B. will he come C
14、. did he come D. he came17. Our teacher told us the sun _ in the east.A. rise B. rose C. rising D. rises18. -Listen! It is still noisy in the head teachers office.-Go and see _ they have finished correcting the papers yet.A. though B. whether C. unless D. while19. -What time will Mr. Brown be back t
15、o China?-Sorry. I dont know _.A. when did he go abroad B. why he is going abroadC. how soon will he be back D. how long he will stay abroad20. Do you know _ the man with sunglasses is?-Im not sure. Maybe a reporter.A. who B. what C. where D. how 1-5 CBACC 6-10 DDABA11【解析】选 B 12【解析】选 A。结合题意“汤姆，如果天气好的
16、话，你知道弗兰克这个星期六将去动物园吗？”可知第一个空是宾语从句，要用一般将来时，第二个空是条件状语从句，要用一般现在时，故排除 B、C、D 三项，选 A。13【解析】选 D。从语序方面先排除 B，另结合时间状语 in a million years 可知要用一般将来时，14【解析】选 B。结合主句中的 told 和从句中的 the next day 可知要用过去将来时，故排除 A、C、D 三项15【解析】选 C16【解析】选 A。问句是带有插入语 do you think 的宾语从句，要用陈述语序，先排除 B、C 二项；另结合答句中的 will pick him up 可知要用一般将来时，故
17、舍 D 选 A。17【解析】选 D。从句中所说“太阳从东边升起” 是客观事实，所以不管主句用什么时态，从句总是用一般现在时，故正确答案为 D.18【解析】选 B。考查 whether 引导的宾语从句。结合题意 “去看看他们是否已5改完了试卷”19【解析】选D20【解析】选 B。四个选项都可以引导宾语从句，结合答语“Maybe a reporter.”可知问句是在询问人的职业，故正确答案为 B。题意为“你知道那个戴眼镜的男人是做什么的吗？”【中考英语专项复习状语从句】状语从句用来修饰主句中的动词，副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。根据其含义状语从句可分为时间状语从句，地点状语从句，条件状语从句， 原
18、因状语从句，结果状语从句，比较状语从句，目的状语从句，让步状语从句。1. 时间状语从句(1)时间状语从句常用 when, as, while, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as连词来引导。It was raining hard when got to school yesterday.While he was doing his homework, the telephone rang.As he walked along the lake, he sang happily.He had learned a little Chinese
19、 before he came to China.After he finished middle school, he went to work in a factory.(2)在时间状语从句里，通常不用将来时态，用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。Ill ring you up as soon as I get to New York.I will tell him everything when he comes back.He wont believe it until he sees it with his own eyes.2. 条件状语从句(1)条件状语从句通常由 if, unles
20、s 引导。What shall we do if it snows tomorrow?Dont leave the building unless I tell you to.(2)在条件状语从句里，谓语动词通常用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。Ill help you with your English if I am free tomorrow.He wont be late unless he is ill.(3)“祈使句 + and (or)+ 陈述句” 在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。6Study hard and you will pass the exam. = If
21、you study hard, you will pass the exam.3. 原因状语从句(1)原因状语从句通常由 because, since, as 引导。He didnt come to school because he was ill.As it is raining, we shall not go the zoo.Since you cant answer the question, Ill ask someone else.(2)because 表示直接原因，语气最强。Because 引导的原因状语从句多放在主句之后。回答由 why 提出的问题，只能用 because。A
22、s 和 since 语气较弱，一般用来表示明显的原因。由 as 和 since 引导的原因状语从居多放在句首。Why arent going there? -Because I dont want to.As he has no car, he cant get there easily.Since we have no money, we cant buy it.(3)because 和 so 不能同用在一个句子里。4. 结果状语从句(1)结果状语从句由 sothat, suchthat, so that 引导。He is so poor that he cant buy a bike fo
23、r his son.She is such a good teacher that everybody likes her.My pencil fell under the desk, so that I couldnt see it.(2)sothat 语 such.that 可以互换。在由 so.that 引导的结果状语从句中，so 是副词， 与形容词连用。其结构是: “.so + 形容词（副词）+ that + 从句”。例如：The hall is so big that it can hold 2,000 people.在由 suchthat 引导的结果状语从句中， such 是形容词
24、，它修饰的可以是单数或复数可数名词，也可以是不可数名词；名词前面可以带形容词，也可不带。如果是单数可数名词，前面需加不定冠词 a 或 an。It was such a hot day that nobody wanted to do anything.He had such long arms that he could almost touch the ceiling.（天花板）He made such rapid progress that he did very well in the mid-term.有时上述两种结构是可以互换的。It was such a wonderful fil
25、m that all of us wanted to see it again.=The film was so wonderful that all of us wanted to see it again.It is such an important match that nobody wants to miss it.7=The match is so important that nobody wants to miss it.(3)如果名词前由 many, much, little, few 等词修饰时，只能用 so, 不用 such。Soon there were so many
26、 deer that they ate up all the wild roses.He has so little time that he cant go to the cinema（去看电影） with you.5. 比较状语从句比较状语从句通常由 asas, 比较级 + than等连词引导。Tom runs faster than John does.6. 目的状语从句(1)目的状语从句通常由 so that, in order that（为了，以便）引导。We started early so that we could catch the first train.He studie
27、s hard so that he could work better in the future.We used the computer in order that we might save time.(2)so that 既可引导目的状语从句，又可引导结果状语从句。区别这两种从句的办法有两个：1)目的状语从句里往往带有情态动词 can, could, may, might等。2) 从意思上看，目的状语从句往往表示的目的很明确。例如：Speak clearly so that they may understand you. (目的状语从句)Jack is badly ill so th
28、at he has to rest. (结果状语从句)7. 让步状语从句(1)让步状语从句通常由 although, though(尽管，虽然）等连词引导。Though he is young, he knows a lot.Although I am tired, I must go on working.(2)although(though)不能用在同一个句子中。并且句子中不能再用 but。我们不能说：Though it was raining hard, but he still went out.应该说：Though it was raining hard, he still went
29、 out.或者：It was raining hard, but he still went out.（二者单独用，但是汉语翻译的时候，可以把 but 的含义“但是”翻译出来）8. 地点状语从句地点状语从句常常由 where 来引导。例如：Where there is a will, there is a way.总结：状语从句分类及常用连词： 类别 连词 时间状语从句 when, whenever, while, as, before, after, since, till, once（一但）8地点状语从句 where, wherever 原因状语从句 because, since, as,
30、 for, now that（既然，由于）目的状语从句 in order that(为了，以便), so that结果状语从句 sothat, so that, suchthat, that条件状语从句 if, unless, as(so)long as让步状语从句 though, although, even if, even though, however, whatever比较状语从句 asas, soas, than方式状语从句 as, as if, as though【中考链接】1. _ hes old, he can still carry this heavy bag.A. Th
31、ough B. Since C. For D. So2. -Do you know if he _ to play basket ball with us?-I think he will come if he _ free tomorrow.A. comes; is B. comes; will be C. will come; is D. will come; will be3. In the zoo if a child _ into the water and cant swim, the dolphins may come up _ him.A. will fall; to help
32、 B. falls; to help C. will fall; help D. falls; helping4. I dont remember _ he worked in that city when he was young.A. what B. which C. where D. who5. We will stay at home if my aunt _ to visit us tomorrow.A. comes B. come C. will come D. is coming6. The police asked the children _ cross the street
33、 _ the traffic lights turned green.A. not; before B. dont; when C. not to; until D. not; after7. I was late for class yesterday _ there was something wrong with my bike.A. when B. that C. until D. because8. Ill go swimming with you if I _ free tomorrow.A. will be B. shall be C. am D. was9. In the ex
34、am, the _ you are, _ the _ mistakes you will make.A. careful; little B. more careful; fewest C. more careful; fewer D. more careful; less10. You should finish your lessons _ you go out to play.A. before B. after C. when D. while911. I hurried _ I wouldnt be late for class.A. since B. so that C. as i
35、f D. unless12. When you read the book, youd better make a mark _ you have any questions.A. which B. that C. where D. though13. The teacher raised his voice _ all the students could hear him.A. for B. so that C. because D. in order14. He took off his coat _ he felt hot.A. because B. as C. if D. since
36、15. It is _ that wed like to go out for a walk.A. a lovely day B. too lovely a day C. so lovely a day D. such lovely a day16. Mary had _ much work to do that she stayed at her office all day.A. such B. so C. too D. very17. _ I felt very tired, I tried to finish the work.A. Although B. Because C. As
37、D. As if18. _ the day went on, the weather got worse.A. With B. Since C. While D. As19. _ well you can drive, you must drive carefully.A. So long as B. In order that C. No matter how D. The moment20. Write to me as soon as you _ to Beijing.A. will get B. get C. getting D. Got1.A 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.A6.C 7
38、.D 8.C 9.C 10.A11.B 12.C 13.B 14.A 15.C 16.B 17.A 18.D 19.C 20.B【中考英语专项复习定语从句】一、定语从句的概念在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。二、定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括that，which，who（宾格 whom，所有格 whose）等，关系副词包括where，when，why 等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。10三、定语从句的分类根据定语从句与先行词
39、的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去，非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。四、关系代词的用法1. that 既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾语，作主语时不可省略，作宾语可省略。例如：Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。 （that 作主语）The coat （that） I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。（that 作宾语）2.which
40、 用于指物，在句中作主语或宾语，作主语不可省略，作宾语可省略。例如：The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。 （作主语）The film （which） we saw last night was wonderful. 我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。 （作宾语）3.who，whom 用于指人，who 用作主语，whom 用作宾语。在口语中，有时可用 who 代替 whom， 也可省略。例如：The girl who often helps me with my En
41、glish is from England.经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。 （作主语）Who is the teacher （whom） Li Ming is talking to？正在与李明谈话的老师是谁？（作宾语） 注意：（1）当定语从句中含有介词，介词放在句末时，who ，that ，which 可省略，但介词在关系代词前时，只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。例如：This is the house in which we lived last year.这是我们去年居住的房子。Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.请告诉我你从谁那借的这本英文小说。（2）含有介词的固定动词词组中，介词不可前置，只能放在原来的位置上。例如：This is the person whom you are looking for. 这就是你要找的那个人。（3）that 作介词的宾语时，介词不能放它的前面，只能放在从句中动词的后面。例如：
