1、陈述句1、 概念：说明一个事实或是陈述说话人的看法的句子，句末用句号。 2、 分类： 陈述句根据其语法结构，可大体分为 “主语+谓语”和“主语+连系动词+ 表语 ”两种；而从语气的角度分，又可分为肯定陈述句和否定陈述句 （1） “主语+谓语”结构 肯定陈述句 I like that book.我喜欢那本书。 （陈述一个事实） I really agree.我确实同意。（陈述一个观点） 否定陈述句 I did not buy the TV.我没有买那个电视。 （陈述一个事实） 请注意它们其中一个是带有宾语的，一个是不带宾语的。这两个例子的共同特点是都有一个主语和一个谓语，都是陈述肯定的事实或观点
2、 。 （2）主语+连系动词+表语结构 肯定陈述名 The film is boring . 这部电影没意思。 （陈述观点） 否定陈述句 Smoking is not good for your health.抽烟对你的健康没有好处。 （陈述一个事实）3、 陈述句的否定结构： 陈述句的否定式主要用两种结构来表达： （1）句子的谓语动词为 be , have 或者谓语动词有助动词、情态动词时，其否定结构为： 主语+谓语动词/助动词/情态动词 + not + 其他成分I am not a teacher. 我不是老师。 We have not (havent) any books on animal
3、s. 我们没有任何有关动物方面的书。 The children are not (arent) playing in the playground. 孩子们没在操场上玩。He will not (wont) come. 他不会来。 We must not (mustnt) forget the past. 我们不能忘记过去。 It could not (couldnt) be lost. 它不可能丢的。 （2） 当句子的谓语动词是 do (即行为动词)，而且没有助动词或情态动词时，其否定结构为：主语+do (does,did) + not + 动词原形 + 其他成分 （3）You do not
4、 (dont) come here every day . 你没有每天都来这里。He does not (doesnt) teach this class . 他不教这个班。 （4）They did not(didnt) watch TV last night . 昨晚他们没看电视。 （5） 注意：陈述句的语调一般用降调。但在表示疑问的语气时，用升调，在书面上要用问号来表示。 （6） You really want to go to Hong Kong ? 你真的想去香港吗？ （7） 这句话表示的是一种疑问，只不过是通过陈述的语序和疑问的语气来表达的疑问句疑问句可再分为一般疑问和特殊疑问两种。
5、 1.一般疑问：用 be 或助动词或情态动词置于句首，并以“Yes ，” ，或“No，”或相当于 yes / no 回答的问句称为一般疑问句. 2. 含系动词 be 的一般疑问句的构成 具体地说,am 只能跟在第一人称的单数 I 后面,are 搭配 you, 不管是单数还是复数,is 跟在第三人称单数 he, she 后面,be 动词的基本意思：是 如： Im in Class 2, Grade 1. Are you in Class 2, Grade 1? 你是在一年级二班吗?(如遇第一人称，最好将其置换成第二人称) Its a map of China. Is it a map of Ch
6、ina? 这是一幅中国地图吗？ be 或have（有）置于句首来表达疑问，例： Is it your bicycle? （这辆自行车是你的吗？） Yes, it is. （是的，是我的。 ） Have you money with you? （你身上带钱了吗？）（=Do you have money with you?） Yes, I have.（Yes, I do.） （有，我带钱了。 ） 3. 含情态动词的一般疑问句的构成 一般疑问句面前人人平等：情态动词与 am / is / are 一样，也可直接将它们提至主语前，所以问题迎刃而解了。如： I can spell it. Can you
7、 spell it? 你会拼写它吗？ 4. 含实义动词的一般疑问句的构成 含实义动词的一般疑问句的构成稍微有点讲究，要在句首加 do；如逢主语为第三人称单数，谓语动词为一般现在时单数第三人称形式 “v-(e)s“时，用does,并要将谓语动词变回原形(如 hashave，likeslike 等) ；有时陈述句中的some 还要变作 any 等。如： She lives in Beijing.Does she live in Beijing? 她住在北京吗？ I like English. Do you like English? 你喜欢英语吗？ There are some books on
8、my desk.Are there any books on your desk? Do you speak Japanese? （你会说日语吗？） Yes, I do.（是的，我会说。 ） No, I dont.（不，我不会说。 ） 7. 一般疑问句的应答 用 yes / no(或相当于 yes / no 的词) 回答，并怎么问怎么答(句首为情态动词/am / is / are 还是 do /does)如： -Is Mary a Japanese girl? 玛丽是日本女孩吗？ -Yes, she is. / No, she isnt. 是的，她是。/不，她不是。 -Can Lily spe
9、ak Chinese? 莉莉会说中国话吗？ -No, she cant. / Sorry, I dont know. 不，她不会。/对不起，我不知道。 II. 特殊疑问句1. 定义以特殊疑问词开头，对陈述句中的某一部分提出疑问 / 进行发问,回答时针对问句中的代词和副词来回答，不用 yes 或 no,的句子叫特殊疑问句。 2. 特殊疑问词what， where， which， what class， what time， what number；who, whom, whose,how， how many， how old， how much 等。 3. 特殊疑问句的构成特殊疑问句由“特殊疑问
10、词+一般疑问句“构成：Whats this in English? 这个用英语怎么讲？ 5. 对特殊疑问句的答复小扫描 疑问代词用于特殊疑问句中，疑问代词一般都放在句首，并在句中作为某一句子成分。如： What is this? （what 作表语）这是什么？ what color is it ? 什么颜色?What are you talking about?你在说什么？ 回答特殊疑问句，不能用“yes / no“；但可用“ 到什么山上唱什么歌“ 来形容对特殊疑问句的应答- -即问什么答什么(尤其是简略回答更明显) 。如： -How old is your sister? 你妹妹今年多大了？
11、 -Shes only five. / Only five. (她)才 5 岁。 1.对指物名词或谓语动词提出疑问，疑问词用 what 2.询问天气。 “How +be +the weather.？”与“What +be +the weather like.？”意思相同。例如： How is the weather today? = Whats the weather like today? 今天天气如何？ 3)对指人名词或代词提问用 who 4)对物主代词和名词所有格提问用 whose。 eg. Li Pings coatWhose coat, my fatherWhose father 5
12、)对具体时间提出疑问，如 in the morning,last Sunday 等，疑问词用 when；对具体几点提问，疑问词应用 what time。 6)对具体地点提出疑问，疑问词应用 where。 7)对表原因的从句提问，常见的有 because 引导的从句，疑问词应用 why。 8)对方式或程度等提出疑问，用疑问词 How。 9)对数量提出疑问，疑问词为 How many，要注意 how many 必须跟名词的复数形式。 eg. two hundred sheepHow many sheep 10)对价格提出疑问，疑问词用How much。 eg. I paid fifty yuan
13、for the sweater. _How much_did you pay for the sweater? How much is the computer? = How much does the computer cost? = Whats the price of the computer? 这台电脑的价格是多少？ 11)对时间长度提出疑问，疑问词应用 How long。 12)对时间频率，如 once a year, twice a week 等提问，疑问词用How often。 How often do you visit your grandma? 13)对具体次数，如 onc
14、e, twice, three times 等提问，疑问词用How many times。 15)对距离提出疑问，疑问词用 How far。 16)另外，对日期、星期、天气等提出疑问，则分别用 Whats the date? What day is it ? 如果是过去时间，就用 was 代替 is。 Whats the weather like? 2017 年中考英语单项选择专题练习 16陈述句和疑问句 1.掌握陈述句的概念及其肯定式、否定式和除 no, not 以外的表示否定意义的词;2.掌握一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句的结构及其答语。 ( )1. (2016盐城) Wa
15、tch out, Peter is a little boy playing ahead on the road A. It B. This C. That D. There ( )2. (2016东营) is your father? Hes an engineer in a big factory. A. Who B. What C. Which D. Where ( )3. (2016宿迁) There is a beautiful park near your school, ? Yes. I often go walking there. A. is there B. isnt th
16、ere C. are there D. arent there ( )4. (2016陕西) Could you tell me it takes to walk to the Disneyland? About 20 minutes.: A. how far B. how long C. how often D. how soon ( )5. (2016昆明): Jim, are these your keys? . Theyre hers. A. Yes, it is B. No, it isnt C. Yes, they are: D. No, they arent: ( )6. (20
17、16大连) will the match between HAS and BIG be held? In our school stadium.: A. When B. Where C. Why D. How: ( )7. (2016绵阳): is the boy with a pair of glasses? My brother, John. A. How B. Who C. Where D. What ( )8.(2016长春): do you volunteer in Old Peoples Home? Once a week. We hope to help the old more
18、. A. How soon B. How many C. How often D. How long ( )9. (2016厦门) These shoes look cool. are they? They are on sale, only$69. A. How much B. How long C. How many ( )10. (2016来宾) There a basketball match in our school tomorrow. A. will have B. will be C. are D. is going to have ( )11. (2016玉林、防城港、崇左)
19、 Do you know a wonderful football match and two basketball matches on July 75th? Yeah. I am going to watch them on that day. A. there will be B. there will have C. there are D. there have ( )12.(2016安顺) He can hardly stay awake because he is so tired, ? A. is he B. isnt he C. cant he D. can he ( )13
20、. (2016铜仁) Is the girl in red your friend? . She is learning Chinese now. A. Yes, it is B. Yes, he is C. Yes, she is D. Yes, she does ( )14. (2016.上海) Disney amusement parks are there in China? Two. A. How many B. How often C. How soon D. How long ( )15. (2016宿迁) The structure of the sentence “The s
21、tudents visited the museum” is . A. S+ V B. S+V+DO C. S+V+IO+DO D. S+ V+DO+OC ( )16.(2016兰州)I you can finish the exam in two hours. A. does believe B. do believe C. did believed D. do believed ( )17. (2016郴州) I feel upset because I am too heavy. do more exercise to lose some weight? A. Why dont B. W
22、hy not C. Why not to( )18. (2016兰州) will Mr. Brown be back? In an hour. A. How long B. How often C. How soon D. How much ( )19. (2016襄阳) are the students in your class? Most of them are only fourteen. A. How long B. How old C. How many D. How often ( )20. (2016威海) will you stay in England? More than
23、 a month. A. When B. How soon C. How long( )21. (2016武汉) Whats the matter, Jenny? something wrong with my bike. A. It is B. There is C. I have D. It has ( )22. (2016菏泽) teachers will you miss the most after junior high school, Lisa? Ms. Lee and Mr. Hunt. A. Whose B. Which C. What ( )23. (2016南充) Is
24、there a watermelon on the table? . A. Yes, there is B. Yes, it is C. No, there is D. No, it isnt( )24. (2016黄石) Hey, Jane. are you feeling now?Much better. Thanks. A. What B. Where C. How D. When ( )25. (2016.永州) David never fights with his classmates, ? A. doe; he B. doesnt he C. isnt he ( )26. (20
25、16天水) You didnt find the owner of the books, did you? . So I gave them to our teacher. A. No, I did B. Yes, 1 didnt C. No, I didnt D. Yes, 1 did ( )27. ( 2016龙东五市) Lets go to Disneyland in Shanghai in August, ? A. shall we B. will you C. wont you ( )28.(2016济南) Bill, does your sister have brown hair
26、 or red hair? . She takes after my mother. A. Yes, she does B. No. she doesnt C. Brown hair D. I dont know ( )29.(2016宿迁) is it from Suqian to Jiuzhai Valley? About 1,200 kilometers away. But Im not sure. A. How often C. How long B. How soon D. How far ( )30. (2016济宁) can you read in English About 1
27、00 words a minute. A. How far B. How much C. How fast D. How many ( )31. (2015宜宾) Nancy, sweep the classroom, ? A. dont you B. do you C. will you D. doesnt she ( )32. (2015汕尾) I dont think the newly directed movie by Zhao Wei is as interesting as people say, ? A. do I B. dont I C. is it D. isnt it参考答案 1 5：D、B、B、B、D 610：B、B 、C、A、B 1115 ：A、D、C、A、B 1620： B、B、C、B、C 2125 ：B、B、A、C、A 2630：C、A、C、D、C 3132 ：C、C
