1、水的黏度表(040)温度 T 温度 T K粘度Pas 或Nsm-2 K粘度Pas 或Nsm-20 273.16 1.7921 1.792110-3 20.2 293.36 1.00001.000010-31 274.16 1.7313 1.731310-3 21 294.16 0.98100.981010-32 275.16 1.6728 1.672810-3 22 295.16 0.95790.957910-33 276.16 1.6191 1.619110-3 23 296.16 0.93580.935810-34 277.16 1.5674 1.567410-3 24 297.16 0.
2、91420.914210-35 278.16 1.5188 1.518810-3 25 298.16 0.89370.893710-36 279.16 1.4728 1.472810-3 26 299.16 0.87370.873710-37 280.16 1.4284 1.428410-3 27 300.16 0.8545 0.854510-38 281.16 1.3860 1.386010-3 28 301.16 0.83600.836010-39 282.16 1.3462 1.346210-3 29 302.16 0.81800.818010-310 283.16 1.3077 1.3
3、07710-3 30 303.16 0.80070.800710-311 284.16 1.2713 1.271310-3 31 304.16 0.78400.784010-312 285.16 1.2363 1.236310-3 32 305.16 0.76790.767910-313 286.16 1.2028 1.202810-3 33 306.16 0.75230.752310-314 287.16 1.1709 1.170910-3 34 307.16 0.73710.737110-315 288.16 1.1404 1.140410-3 35 308.16 0.72250.7225
4、10-316 289.16 1.1111 1.111110-3 36 309.16 0.70850.708510-317 290.16 1.0828 1.082810-3 37 310.16 0.69470.694710-318 291.16 1.0559 1.055910-3 38 311.16 0.68140.681410-319 292.16 1.0299 1.029910-3 39 312.16 0.66850.668510-320 293.16 1.0050 1.005010-3 40 313.16 0.65600.656010-3水的物理性质温度t/饱和蒸气压 p/kPa密度/kg
5、m-3焓H/kJkg-1比定压热容cp/kJkg-1K-1导热系数/10-2Wm-1K-1粘度/10-5Pas体积膨胀系数/10-4K-1表面张力 /10-3Nm-1普兰德数 Pr0 0.6082 999.9 0 4.212 55.13 179.21 0.63 75.6 13.6610 1.2262 999.7 42.04 4.197 57.45 130.77 0.70 74.1 9.5220 2.3346 998.2 83.90 4.183 59.89 100.50 1.82 72.6 7.0130 4.2474 995.7 125.69 4.174 61.76 80.07 3.21 71.
6、2 5.4240 7.3766 992.2 165.71 4.174 63.38 65.60 3.87 69.6 4.3250 12.31 988.1 209.30 4.174 64.78 54.94 4.49 67.7 3.5460 19.932 983.2 251.12 4.178 65.94 46.88 5.11 66.2 2.9870 31.164 977.8 292.99 4.178 66.76 40.61 5.70 64.3 2.5480 47.379 971.8 334.94 4.195 67.45 35.65 6.32 62.6 2.2290 70.136 965.3 376.
7、98 4.208 67.98 31.65 6.95 60.7 1.96100 101.33 958.4 419.10 4.220 68.04 28.38 7.52 58.8 1.76110 143.31 951.0 461.34 4.238 68.27 25.89 8.08 56.9 1.61120 198.64 943.1 503.67 4.250 68.50 23.73 8.64 54.8 1.47130 270.25 934.8 546.38 4.266 68.50 21.77 9.17 52.8 1.36140 361.47 926.1 589.08 4.287 68.27 20.10
8、 9.72 50.7 1.26150 476.24 917.0 632.20 4.312 68.38 18.63 10.3 48.6 1.18160 618.28 907.4 675.33 4.346 68.27 17.36 10.7 46.6 1.11170 792.59 897.3 719.29 4.379 67.92 16.28 11.3 45.3 1.05180 1003.5 886.9 763.25 4.417 67.45 15.30 11.9 42.3 1.00190 1255.6 876.0 807.63 4.460 66.99 14.42 12.6 40.8 0.96200 1
9、554.77 863.0 852.43 4.505 66.29 13.63 13.3 38.4 0.93210 1917.72 852.8 897.65 4.555 65.48 13.04 14.1 36.1 0.91220 2320.88 840.3 943.70 4.614 64.55 12.46 14.8 33.8 0.89230 2798.59 827.3 990.18 4.681 63.73 11.97 15.9 31.6 0.88240 3347.91 813.6 1037.49 4.756 62.80 11.47 16.8 29.1 0.87250 3977.67 799.0 1
10、085.64 4.844 61.76 10.98 18.1 26.7 0.86260 4693.75 784.0 1135.04 4.949 60.84 10.59 19.7 24.2 0.87270 5503.99 767.9 1185.28 5.070 59.96 10.20 21.6 21.9 0.88280 6417.24 750.7 1236.28 5.229 57.45 9.81 23.7 19.5 0.89290 7443.29 732.3 1289.95 5.485 55.82 9.42 26.2 17.2 0.93300 8592.94 712.5 1344.80 5.736
11、 53.96 9.12 29.2 14.7 0.97310 9877.96 691.1 1402.16 6.071 52.34 8.83 32.9 12.3 1.02320 11300.3 667.1 1462.03 6.573 50.59 8.53 38.2 10.0 1.11330 12879.6 640.2 1526.19 7.243 48.73 8.14 43.3 7.82 1.22340 14615.9 610.1 1594.75 8.164 45.71 7.75 53.4 5.78 1.38350 16538.5 574.4 1671.37 9.504 43.03 7.26 66.
12、8 3.89 1.60360 18667.1 528.0 1761.39 13.984 39.54 6.67 109 2.06 2.36F3 Viscosity decreases with pressure (at temperatures below 33C)Viscous flow occurs by molecules moving through the voids that exist between them. As the pressure increases, the volume decreases and the volume of these voids reduces
13、, so normally increasing pressure increases the viscosity. Waters pressure-viscosity behavior 534 can be explained by the increased pressure (up to about 150 MPa) causing deformation, so reducing the strength of the hydrogen-bonded network, which is also partially responsible for the viscosity. This
14、 reduction in cohesivity more than compensates for the reduced void volume. It is thus a direct consequence of the balance between hydrogen bonding effects and the van der Waals dispersion forces 558 in water; hydrogen bonding prevailing at lower temperatures and pressures. At higher pressures (and
15、370 21040.9 450.5 1892.43 40.319 33.73 5.69 264 0.48 6.80densities), the balance between hydrogen bonding effects and the van der Waals dispersion forces is tipped in favor of the dispersion forces and the remaining hydrogen bonds are stronger due to the closer proximity of the contributing oxygen a
16、toms 655. Viscosity, then, increases with pressure. The dashed line (opposite) indicates the viscosity minima.The variation of viscosity with pressure and temperature has been used as evidence that the viscosity is determined more by the extent of hydrogen bonding rather than hydrogen bonding strength.Self-diffusion is also affected by pressure where (at low temperatures) both the translational and rotational motion of water anomalously increase as the pressure increases.
