1、1四年级语法知识归纳 班别_ 姓名_一、a 和 an 的意思都是 “一(个/件) ,元音字母(a, e, i, o, u)开头的单词用 an, 辅音字母开头的单词用 a。练习 1、用 a 或 an 填空。1._dress, 2. _orange dress, 3. _egg, 4. _ coat, 5._house,6._ apple, 7. _man, 8. _teacher 9._umbrella(雨伞) 二、名词的复数形式变化规律:(1)一般情况下直接加 s;(2)以 s,x,sh,ch 结尾的加 es;(3)以辅音字母和 y 结尾的,y 变 i,再加 es;(4)单复数不变,如:fis
2、h,鱼 sheep 羊,people 人等;(5)特殊变有,如:man 男人,woman 女人,child 小孩等练习 2、把下列名词改为复数形式。1.skirt_, 2.doctor_, 3.farmer_, 4.flower_,5.dress_, 6.box_, 7.story_, 8.library_,9.boy_, 10.lady_, 11.pupil_, 12.child_,13.fish_, 14.woman_, 15.policeman_,三、人称代词中的主格和宾格,主格和宾格意思相同,但用法不相同,主格用于句首(即动词前面)作主语,宾格用于句末(即动词后面)作宾语。所有格,表示
3、“某人的” ,例如,我的,你的,它的等等,后面要跟名词。练习 3、 (1)填写下列表格。主 格数量 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称单数 you she复数2(2)写出下列代词的宾格。I _, we_, you_, it_, they _.(3)写出下列代词的所有格。I_, we_, you_, he_, she_ 四、be 动词:am, are, is, 意思都是“是” ,通常与名词或形容词连用。它们的否定形式分别是:am not(没有缩写), isnt = is not, arent = are not。练习 4、用 am, is, are 填空。1. I _, 2. you _, 3.he_
4、, 4.she_, 5. it_, 6.we _,7.they_, 8.my father _, 9.our school _, 10.the skirts _,11.the children_, 12.your brother_, 13.your friends_.14.this _, 15.that_, 16.these_, 17. those _,五、助动词 do 和 does,它们的否定形式分别是 dont = do not, doesnt = does not。常与动词连用,帮助动词变问句和否定句。其用法要看主语来定, “三单主语”用 does, “非三单主语”用 do,后面要跟动词
5、原形。练习 5、用 do 或 does 填空。1._you, 2._they, 3._he, 4._she, 5._it, 6._your father, 7._each group, 8._the children,9._the boy, 10. _the boys, 11. _our school六、have 和 has 的意思都是“有” ,表示“某某有” , “三单主语”用 has, “非三单主语”用 have。has 的否定是:doesnt have, have 的否定形式是 dont have练习 6、用 have 或 has 填空。1. I _, 2. you _, 3.he_,
6、4.she_, 5. it_, 6.we _,7.they_, 8.my father _, 9.our school _, 10.the house _,11.the children_, 12.your brother_, 13.our group _.七、There is 和 There are 的意思都是“有” ,表示“在某地方有” ,There is +单数,There are + 复数。3练习 7、翻译下列句子。1、我的书包里有一个笔盒和一些书。_ _ a pencil-case and some books _ my bag.2、课室里有 40 张桌椅。_ _ forty des
7、ks and chairs _ the classroom.3、墙上有一幅地图和两幅图画。_ _ a map and two pictures _ the wall.4、有一条裤子在床上。_ _ a pair of trousers on the bed.八、some 和 any 的意思都是“一些” ,some 用于肯定句, any 用于否定句和疑问句。练习 8、用 some 或 any 填空。1、There are _trees behind the house.2、There arent _trees behind the house.3、Are there _trees behind t
8、he house?4、I have _flowers.5、Do you have _flowers?6、Does your group have _ stars?九、一般疑问句,通常是 be 动词(Am,Is,Are)和助动词(Do, Does)开头,用 Yes 和 No 回答。练习 9、写出下列问题的肯定回答和否定回答。 例如:Are you ? Yes, I am. No, I am not.1. Are they (the children)? _ _2. Is he(your father) ? _ _3. Is she(your mother) ? _ _4. Is it(your
9、house) ? _ _5. Is there ? _ _46. Are there ? _ _7. Do you ?_ _8. Do they(the children) ?_ _9. Does he(your father) ? _ _10. Does she(your mother) ? _ _11. Does it(your house) ? _ _十、特殊疑问句,特殊疑问词开头,不能用 Yes 和 No 回答。特殊疑问词有:what(什么), what colour(什么颜色), who(谁), whose(谁的), where(哪里), how(怎样), how old(多少岁)
10、, how many(多少东西), how much(多少钱)等等。练习 10、按实际情况回答问题。1. Whats in your bedroom? _2. Whats your favourite subject? _3. What do you want to be when you grow up? _4. Whats your fathers job? _5. Whats your mothers job?_6. Who is your English teacher?_7. Where is your English book?_8. How many pupils are there in your class?_9. How many subjects do you have now ?_10. How much is the T-shirt?(¥65 )_11. How much are the shoes (¥250 )_12. Is your house big or small? _13. Are you a teacher?_14. Is your father a driver?_15. Is your house beautiful?_516. Are your shoes very expensive?_