1、 Stanford UniversityBILL GATES: Congratulations, class of 2014!比尔盖茨：2014 届毕业生，祝贺你们顺利毕业(Cheers)(欢呼)Melinda and I are excited to be here. It would be a thrill for anyone to be invited to speak at a Stanford commencement, but its especially gratifying for us. Stanford is rapidly becoming the favorite u
2、niversity for members of our family, and its long been a favorite university for Microsoft and our foundation.我和梅琳达怀着激动的心情与你们欢聚在此共贺毕业。能受邀到斯坦福大学学位授予典礼上做演讲是一件让人激动的事，对我们而言，这尤为荣幸。斯坦福大学正日渐成为我们家庭成员最喜爱的大学。而长久以来，斯坦福也是微软以及比尔与梅琳达基金会最喜爱的一所大学。”Our formula has been to get the smartest, most creative people worki
3、ng on the most important problems. It turns out that a disproportionate number of those people are at Stanford. (Cheers).我们一直致力于让最聪颖有创造力的人攻克最为重要的问题。结果证明，一大部分这样的人才都来自于斯坦福校园。(欢呼)Right now, we have more than 30 foundation research projects underway here. When we want to learn more about the immune syst
4、em to help cure the worst diseases, we work with Stanford. When we want to understand the changing landscape of higher education in the United States, so that more low-income students get college degrees, we work with Stanford. This is where genius lives.如今，我们在这里进行着 30 多个研究项目。当我们想要通过对免疫系统的研究来寻找治愈世界上
5、最可怕疾病的方法，我们需要斯坦福。当我们需要通过对美国高等教育的研究来帮助低收入学生上大学时，我们亦需要斯坦福。这便是人才的摇篮。Theres a flexibility of mind here, an openness to change, an eagerness for whats new. This is where people come to discover the future, and have fun doing it.在这里，有着灵活的思维，对于改变的开放态度以及对新鲜事物的渴求。在这里，人们善于发现新事物，并乐享这份经历。MELINDA GATES: Now, som
6、e people call you all nerds and we hear that you claim that label with pride. (Cheers and Applause).梅琳达盖茨：当下，一些人用书呆子这样词语称呼你们，而我们听说你们正为这个称呼而倍感骄傲。(欢呼和掌声)BILL GATES: Well, so do we. (Cheers and Applause)比尔盖茨：嗯，我们与你们同在。(欢呼和掌声)BILL GATES: My normal glasses really arent all that different. (Laughter)比尔盖茨：
7、我的这副普通眼镜也没多大差异嘛。(笑声)There are so many remarkable things going on here at this campus, but if Melinda and I had to put into one word what we love most about Stanford, its the optimism.Theres an infectious feeling here that innovation can solve almost every problem. Thats the belief that drove me in 1
8、975 to leave a college in the suburbs of Boston and go on an endless leave of absence.(Laughter)在这所校园中，每时每刻都有非凡的事件发生，但如果要我和梅琳达用一个词来表达对斯坦福的挚爱，那便是“乐观”。这是一种极富感染力的乐观精神，那便是，所有的问题在创新之下都能迎刃而解。这便是驱使我在 1975 年离开波士顿郊区的大学，并永远辍学的一个动力。(笑声)I believed that the magic of computers and software would empower people ev
9、erywhere and make the world much, much better.当时的我相信计算机和软件的魔力能够赋予全世界人民以力量，并能够让这个世界变得更加美好。Its been 40 years since then, and 20 years since Melinda and I were married. We are both more optimistic now than ever. But on our journey, our optimism evolved.据那时算起，已有 40 年之久，我和梅琳达喜结连理也有 20 年之远了。这些年间，我们都比过去更为乐
10、观开朗，但是在这些人生之旅中，我们的乐观也实现了进化。We would like to tell you what we learned and talk to you today about how your optimism and ours can do more for more people. When Paul Allen and I started Microsoft, we wanted to bring the power of computers and software to the people, and that was the kind of rhetoric we
11、 used. One of the pioneering books in the field had a raised fist on the cover, and it was called “Computer Lib.“我们今天很想与大家分享我们所学到的一切，并和你们聊聊我们的和你们的乐观精神怎样为更多的人服务。当初和保罗创立微软之时，我们的目标是把计算机和软件的力量普及到普通大众，这便是我们当时的说法。在早期的一本书上的封面有一个上扬的拳头，他们称之为计算机解放。At that time, only big businesses could buy computers. We want
12、ed to offer the same power to regular people and democratize computing.在那个时候，只有大企业才能购置计算机。我们想让这种计算机设备普及到社会大众并让计算机民主化。By the 1990s, we saw how profoundly personal computers could empower people, but that success created a new dilemma. If rich kids got computers and poor kids didnt, then technology wo
13、uld make inequality worse. That ran counter to our core belief.在上个世纪 90 年代，我们目睹了个人电脑对人们的巨大效用，但是这种成功同时造成了新的困局。如果富人的孩子拥有计算机而穷人的孩子却不能时，这种科技会加剧不平等。而这与我们的核心理念相抵触。Technology should benefit everyone. So we worked to close the digital divide. I made it a priority at Microsoft, and Melinda and I made it an e
14、arly priority at our Foundation. Donating personal computers to public libraries to make sure that everyone had access.科技应当惠及万众。因此我们应当努力缩小这种差距。我将它定位为微软的首要任务，也是我和梅琳达在建立基金会之初的首要任务。为公众图书馆捐献个人电脑从而确保人人都能有机会使用。The digital divide was a focus of mine in 1997, when I took my first trip to South Africa. I wen
15、t there on business so I spent most of my time in meetings in downtown Johannesburg. I stayed in the home of one of the richest families in South Africa.当我在 1997 年首次出访南非时，我便开始关注“数码鸿沟”。因公事出差的我将大部分时间都花费在约翰内斯堡的市区开会中。当时我住在南非最富裕的一户家庭中。It had only been three years since the election of Nelson Mandela mark
16、ed the end of apartheid. When I sat down for dinner with my hosts, they used a bell to call the butler. After dinner, the women and men separated and the men smoked cigars. I thought, good thing I read Jane Austen, or I wouldnt have known what was going on. (Laughter)那时距离尼尔森曼德拉上台，并结束种族隔离只有 3 年。当我同主人
17、共进晚餐时，他们使用铃铛来使唤管家。在晚饭后，男女相互分开而男人们开始抽雪茄。当时我想，幸好我读过简奥斯汀的书否则我就不知道发生了什么。(笑声)But the next day I went to Soweto, the poor township southwest of Johannesburg, that had been the center of the anti-apartheid movement. It was a short distance from the city into the township, but the entry was sudden, jarring
18、and harsh.但在第二天我去了索韦托，约翰内斯堡西南的一个贫穷小镇，那里曾经是反种族隔离的中心。尽管从约翰内斯堡到索韦托路程不长，但从进入索韦托的那一刻起，一切都令人无比震惊。I passed into a world completely unlike the one I came from. My visit to Soweto became an early lesson in how naive I was. Microsoft was donating computers and software to a community center there. The kind of
19、 thing we did in the United States.我觉得我来到了一个和我所来自的地方截然不同的世界。索韦托之行让我很早便意识到自己竟是如此天真。微软向那里的一个社区中心捐赠计算机和软件。和我们在美国所做的一切相同。But it became clear to me, very quickly, that this was not the United States.但是我很快明白了，这里并不是美国。I had seen statistics on poverty, but I had never really seen poverty. The people there l
20、ived in corrugated tin shacks with no electricity, no water, no toilets. Most people didnt wear shoes. They walked barefoot along the streets, except there were no streets, just ruts in the mud.我曾经阅览过有关贫穷的调查数据，但是却未曾目睹过贫穷。那里的人们住在用铁皮搭成的简陋棚户里，没有电，没有自来水，也没有厕所。人们几乎不穿鞋，赤脚行走。或者可以说根本没有街道，只是一些坑洼的泥土路。The comm
21、unity center had no consistent source of power. So they rigged up an extension cord that ran 200 feet from the center to the diesel generator outside. Looking at this setup, I knew the minute the reporters left, the generator would get moved to a more urgent task. And the people who used the communi
22、ty center would go back to worrying about challenges that couldnt be solved by a personal computer.由于社区中心没有持续供电的设施，所以他们安装了一根延长线连接到 200 英尺以外的柴油发电机上。看过了这些装置，我明白了一旦记者离开后，发电机将会被运用到更紧迫的任务上。使用社区中心的人们也会因此而离开，为电脑所不能解决的问题而担忧。When I gave my prepared remarks to the press, I said Soweto is a milestone. There ar
23、e major decisions ahead about whether technology will leave the developing world behind. This is to close the gap.当我向媒体道出已准备好的发言时，我谈到索韦托的经历对我而言是一个里程碑，我们所面临的重大决定是科技是否会让发展中国家落后。这也便是要缩小差距。But as I read those words, I knew they werent super relevant. What I didnt say was, by the way, were not focused on
24、 the fact that half a million people on this continent are dying every year from malaria. But we are sure as hell going to bring you computers.但当我说出这些词时，我发现他们并不是如此相关。我没有说的是，“顺便说一下，我们并没有注意到这个大洲上每年都会有 50 万人死于疟疾的事实。”但我们还是万分确信我们会为他们带来计算机。Before I went to Soweto, I thought I understood the worlds problem
25、s but I was blind to many of the most important ones. I was so taken aback by what I saw that I had to ask myself, did I still believe that innovation could solve the worlds toughest problems? I promised myself that before I came back to Africa, I would find out more about what keeps people poor.在我去
26、索韦托之前，我认为自己很理解这个世界存在的问题，可那时我才明白我忽视了最重要的问题，我不停问自己你还认为创新能解决世界上最棘手的问题吗？ 我向自己保证，在重回非洲之前，会找到更多让人们贫穷的原因。Over the years, Melinda and I did learn more about the pressing needs of the poor.数年来，我和梅琳达确实发现了穷人们的当务之需。On a later trip to South Africa, I paid a visit to a hospital for patients with MDR-TB, multi-dru
27、g resistant tuberculosis, a disease with a cure rate of under 50%. I remember that hospital as a place of despair.在后来一次到南非的时候，我去了一家住有很多抗药性肺结核患者和耐多药结核病患者的医院，这是一种治愈率不到 50%的顽疾。我还记得那个充满绝望的地方。It was a giant open ward, with a sea of patients shuffling around in pajamas, wearing masks. There was one floor
28、just for children, including some babies lying in bed. They had a little school for kids who were well enough to learn, but many of the children couldnt make it, and the hospital didnt seem to know whether it was worth it to keep the school open.在一个巨大的开放性病房里，住着很多很多病人，他们穿着睡衣，带着口罩，慢慢挪动着。有一层楼是专为孩童开设的，其
29、中包括还在卧床的婴儿们。医院中也为适龄儿童设有小学校，但是大多数孩子都无法战胜病魔踏入学堂，因此医院似乎并不确信是否有必要开设这所学校。I talked to a patient there in her early 30s. She had been a worker at a TB hospital when she came down with a cough. She went to a doctor and he told her said she had drug-resistant TB. She was later diagnosed with AIDS. She wasnt
30、going to live much longer, but there were plenty of MDR patients waiting to take her bed when she vacated it. This was hell with a waiting list.我同一位 30 多岁的病人做了交谈，并了解到她曾肺结核医院的一名职工，因为咳嗽而病倒。她看了医生，医生告诉她患上了耐药性结核病，在后来也被诊断患有艾滋。她活不了过久了，但有很多耐多药结核病患者却“觊觎”着她即将空出的床位。这是一个有很多候场病人的地狱。But seeing this hell didnt red
31、uce my optimism. It channeled it. I got into the car as I left and I told the doctor we were working with I know MDR-TB is hard to cure, but we must do something for these people. And, in fact, this year, we are entering phase three with the new TB drug regime for patients who respond, instead of a
32、50% cure rate after 18 months for $2,000, we get an 80% cure rate after six months for under $100. (Applause).但是目睹了这个地域并不能减少我的乐观心态，相反，它指导着乐观的前行。在我们离开时，我在车里跟与我们同行的医生说，我虽然知道耐多药结核病是一种顽疾，但我们必须为这些人做一些实事。实际上，在今年，我们进入了新结核药物研发的第三阶段，对于那些病人而言，他们不再需为 18 个月 50%的治愈率而花费2000 美元，我们的新药物花费不超 100 美元便能在 6 个月后实现 80%的治愈率
33、。( 掌声)Optimism is often dismissed as false hope. But there is also false hopelessness. Thats the attitude that says we cant defeat poverty and disease. We absolutely can.乐观常被视为错误的希望。但是错误的无望也存在于世，那就是我们无法击败贫困和疾病的态度。但我们却能够做到。MELINDA GATES: Bill called me that day after he visited the TB hospital and no
34、rmally if one of us is on an international trip, we will go through our agenda for the day and who we met and where we have been. But this call was different在比尔去过结核病医院后，他曾给我致电。(因为) 惯例上当我们其中一个出国的话，我们都会聊聊这天我们遇到的人和我们去过的地方。但是这番电话有些特别。Bill said to me, Melinda, I have been somewhere that I have never been
35、 before. And then he choked up and he couldnt go on. And he finally just said, I will tell you more when I get home. And I knew what he was going through because when you see people with so little hope, it breaks your heart.比尔说，梅琳达，我(今天 )去了一个我之前从未去过的地方。然后他哽咽地说不出话了。他最后只是说，等我回来了再详细告诉你。(其实) 我知道他经历了什么，因
36、为当你看到濒临绝望的人们，他会让你十分悲痛。But if you want to do the most, you have to go see the worst, and Ive had days like that too. About ten years ago, I traveled with a group of friends to India. And on last day I was there, I had a meeting with a group of prostitutes and I expected to talk to them about the risk
37、 of AIDS that they were facing, but what they wanted to talk to me about was stigma.但是如果你想做得更多，你必须要看到最坏的情况，我也经历过那些日子。大概十年前，我和一群朋友去印度旅游。在我临走的那一天，我和一群妓女进行了交谈，我希望跟她们讲她们所面对得艾滋病的风险，但是她们想跟我聊的只是(作为妓女的 )耻辱。Many of these women had been abandoned by their husbands. Thats why they even went into prostitution.
38、They wanted to be able to feed their children. They were so low in the eyes of society that they could be raped and robbed and beaten by anyone, even the police, and nobody cared.这当中的很多人都是被她们的丈夫所抛弃。这就是为什么她们去卖淫的原因。她们想养活自己的孩子。他们在社会的眼中是如此卑微，以致于她们可以被任何人甚至是警察强奸，抢劫，甚至挨揍，(而) 根本没有人会在意(她们)Talking to them abo
39、ut their lives was so moving to me, but what I remember most was how much they wanted to be touched. They wanted to touch me and to be touched by them. It was if physical contact somehow proved their worth. And so before I left, we linked arms hand in hand and did a photo together.聊起她们的生活让我感触至深。但是我印
40、象最深的就是她们多么想接触他人。她们希望触摸我，也希望让我能去触碰她们也许是通过这种身体上的触碰证明了她们存在的价值。所以当我离开之前，我们肩并肩，手牵手，一起照了相。Later that same day, I spent some time in India in a home for the dying. I walked into a large hall and I saw rows and rows of cot and every cot was attended to except for one, that was far off in the corner. And so
41、I decided to go over there。之后在那天，我去了印度的一个弥留者的家中。我走进大厅，我看见一排排的床，除了远在角落的一张床，每张床都有人在照顾。所以我决定过去看看。The patient who was in this room was a woman in her 30s. And I remember her eyes. She had these huge, brown, sorrowful eyes. She was emaciated and on the verge of death. Her intestines were not holding anyt
42、hing and so the workers had they put a pan under her bed, and cut a hole in the bottom of the bed and everything in her was just pouring out into that pan. And I could tell that she had AIDS. Both in the way she looked and the fact that she was off in this corner alone.这位病人是一个 30 岁左右的妇女。我还记得她的眼睛的样子。
43、她有着大而悲伤的棕色的眼睛。当时的她如此憔悴并且徘徊在死亡的边缘。她的肠道里什么东西也盛不下，所以那里的工作人员就在她的床下放了一个盘子，然后在床的底部开了个洞，这样一切东西就能倾泻到那个盘子中。我看得出她得了艾滋病。不仅可以从她的外表，而且也可以从她独自在这个角落中看出来。The stigma of AIDS is vicious, especially for women. And the punishment is abandonment. When I arrived at her cot, I suddenly felt completely and totally helpless
44、. I had absolutely nothing I could offer this woman. I knew I couldnt save her. But I didnt want her to be alone. So I knelt down with her and I put my hand out and she reached for my hand and grabbed it and she wouldnt let it go. I didnt speak her language and I couldnt think of what I should say t
45、o her. And finally I just said to her, its going to be okay. Its going to be okay. Its not your fault.得艾滋病令人声名狼藉，特别是对女性。并且得病的惩罚就是被抛弃。当我走进她床边时，我突然感觉彻底的无力和无助感。我无能为力实施帮助。我知道我不能救活她。但是我不想让她独自一人(死去) 。所以我跪下来然后伸出手，她摸到我的手然后就抓住，不松开。我不会说她们的语言而且我也不知道我能对她说什么。最后我只是对她说，一切都会好起来的。一切都会好起来的。这不是你的错。And after I had been
46、 with her for sometime, she started pointing to the roof top. She clearly wanted to go up and I realized the sun was going down and what she wanted to do was go up on the roof top and see the sunset. So the workers in this home for the dying were very busy and I said to them, you know, can we take h
47、er up on the roof top? No. No. We have to pass out medicines. So I waited that for that to happen and I asked another worker and they said, No no no, we are too busy. We cant get her up there. And so finally I just scooped this woman up in my arms.在我陪着她待了一会之后，她的手指向了屋顶。很显然她很想上屋顶，而我发现太阳快要落山了，所以她想做的就是等
48、上屋顶并且看日落。那时房子里的工作人员非常忙碌，然后我对他们说，我们能不能把她抬到屋顶上？不行。我们现在必须要分派药物。所以我就等着他们分派药物，然后我又问了另外的工作人员，他们说不行，我们太忙了。我们不能抬她上去。所以，最后我就把她抱在了怀中。She was nothing more than skin over bones and I took her up on the roof top, and I found one of those plastic chairs that blows over in a light breeze. I put her there, sat her
49、down, put a blanket over her legs and she sat there facing to the west, watching the sunset. The workers knew - I made sure they knew that she was up there so that they would bring her down later that evening after the sun went down and then I had to leave.她不过是骨瘦如柴，我就抱着她上了屋顶。找到了一个在微风的吹拂下响着的破旧不堪塑料凳。我把她放在椅子上，拿一个毛毯盖住她的腿，然后她就坐在那里望向西边，看着日落。工作人员知道她在屋顶上，我确保他们知道并且会在日落以后把她带下来。而不久后我就要离开。But she never left me. I felt completely and totally inadequate in the face of this womans death. But sometimes, its the people that
