1、 1 / 7简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练习题英语句子成分的排列顺序与汉语不同。汉语放在前面的，英语可能要放在后面；而汉语放后面的，英语可能放在前面。即使是同样一句话，如果用词不同，句中的次序也会有变化。比如， “我每天骑自行车上学” ，可以表达为 I go to school by bike every day. 也可以表达为I ride to school every day. 如果用图表分析一下，我们会看得更清楚：这三个语句除了行为者“I“的位置没有变化外，其它都发生了变化，并且由于“上学”表达方式的不同，在句中的位置也发生了变化。句子成分详解一览表及巧记口诀句子成分 意义及位置 充当词类
2、 例句主语The Subject表示句子说的是“什么人”或“什么事” 。通常在句子前部。名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、短语或句子。We study in No. 17 middle school.Jim is an American boy.Two heads are better than one.谓语The Predicate说明主语“做什么” “是什么”或“怎么样” 。通常在主语后（除疑问、倒装句外）。由动词或动词词组充当。Time tries all thing.(时间检验一切）Lucy is dancing under the tree.Her parents are both
3、workers.宾语The Object表示动作、行为的对象。在及物动词或介词后。 同主语的充当词类Love me, love my dog. (爱屋及乌）These girls like English.Did you see him yesterday?表语The Predicate与系动词连用，一起构成谓语部分、说明主语的性质、特征。常在系动词之后。 同主语的充当词类His father is a bus driver.My car is white.We were at school yesterday.Health is wealth. (健康就是财富。）定语The Attribut
4、e用来修饰名词或代词。单个词常在修饰的词前，短语或句子在被修饰的词之后。形、代、数、名、介词短语或相当于形容词的词或短语。The red one is mine.What is his name?A friend in need is a friend indeed.(患难见真情。 ）状语The Attribute修饰动词、形容词、副词，表示动作发生的时间、地点、目的、方式等。位置较灵活。通常由副词、介词短语或相当于副词的词或短语来表示。Our teacher works very hard.She often helps Mike.They had a meeting in Shanghai
5、.我 每天 骑自行车 上学。I go to school by bike every day.I ride to school every day.2 / 7句子成分 学记口诀主语谓语是基础，宾表定状补辅助。 宾主来自名代数，动词作谓不可无。简单句的五种基本句型英语是一种结构型的语言，以谓语动词为核心构成各种句型。为了帮助你掌握英语的句型，本节课我们一起来总结一下英语的基本句型。1. 主语 + 不及物动词（ + 状语）状语 主语 不及物动词 状语（In 2003,) The first book came out in 2003We didnt go to the cinema yesterd
6、ay.Last week, I went to Guilin for my holiday.2. 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 （+ 状语）状语 主语 及物动词 宾语 状语（Yesterday) I bought a very good book yesterday.宾语补足语The Object Complement宾语的补足语，逻辑上与宾语是“主谓”关系。在宾语后。由形容词、名词、介词短语等充当。We named the baby Lily.She made the room clean.同位语TheAppositive重复指代并进一步说明名词及名词性词语。在被修饰词后。名词、名词性短语、
7、从句等。They all work hard.John, a friend of hers, has gone.谓语部分句型种类 主语谓语动词 表语 宾语 宾补1. S + Vi.主语+不及物动词 Birds fly.2. S + Vi. + O主语+及物动词+宾语 He plays the piano.3. S + V. + C主语+系动词+表语 Weare(系动词） friends.4. S + Vt. + InO + Do主语+及物动词+间接宾语+ 直接宾语 I gave him a pen（间宾） （直宾）5. S + Vi. + O + Oc主语+及物动词+宾语+ 宾语补足语 Tom
8、 made me cry.3 / 7My father loves pictures of cars.Every morning my mother prepares breakfast for meHe wrote a book in senior high school.3. 主语 + 系动词 + 表语 （+ 状语）主语 系动词 表语 状语These books are great.Tom is very happy today.4. 主语 + 及物动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语 （+ 状语）状语 主语 及物动词 间接宾语 直接宾语 状语His hobby has brought him
9、 enjoyment.My father bought me a very good bike On my birthday.Last week, my aunt sent me a box of chocolate.5. 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语 （+ 状语）巩固练习一指出下面句子分别属于哪个句型。I will spend this summer holiday in the countryside. In the modern city, there are some problems, such as air pollution, crowdness and nois
10、e. In the countryside I can enjoy a comfortable and quiet life. There, the air is fresh and the water is clean. I can hear birds singing in the green trees. 主语 及物动词 宾语 宾语补足语 状语We can help you develop new skills.I dont want you to work too hard.The news made everyone happy.4 / 7I can also go boating,
11、 fishing, and swimming in the lake. All this will be interesting and good for my health.So I want to go to the countryside for a change. 1. ( S + V ) _ 2. ( S + V +O ) _3. ( S + V + C ) _ 4. ( S + V + IO + DO ) _5. ( S + V + O + C ) _ 6. There be 句型 _二翻译题1. 他昨天早上起床很晚。 _2. 那天晚上我们谈了很多。_3. 会议将持续两个小时。_4
12、. 昨晚我写了一封信。_5. 我父亲能流利地说英语。fluently_6. 你介意我开窗户吗？_7.我的兄弟都是大学生。_8. 这本书是关于美国历史的书。_9. 她的工作是在幼儿园里照看儿童。nursery_10. 奶奶昨晚给我们讲了一个有趣的故事。_11. 请把那本字典递给我好吗？dictionary_5 / 712. 我父亲已经给我买了一辆新自行车。_13. 我们大家都认为他是诚实的。consider_14. 我们把小偷释放了。setfree_15. 他叫我们参加做游戏。_主系表结构+练习+ 中考真题主语+系动词 +表语系动词：be 动词，感官动词主系表结构，其中系动词（link-verb
13、）包括 be 动词 和感官动词。be 动词后可跟形容词，代词，名词，介词短语: Sam is sad. This is my sister.These keys are yours. Her picture is on the wall.感官动词后多加形容词做表语。 感官动词：feel/smell/look/taste/soundThe band sounds great.I feel happy.The food smells terrible.She looks sad.This tastes good.1 介绍亲属关系This is my sister. That is Jins fri
14、end.These are our cousins. Those are Toms grandparents.He is Jacks father. She is your mother. It is her lovely dog. They are Toms brothers. I am his aunt. You are her uncle. We are Lucys parents. They are my brothers.2 识别人物I am Tom. You are Jim. You are Tom and Jim. We are Toms classmates. He is Mi
15、ke. She is Mikes cousin. Its Mikes cousins cat. They are our parents.6 / 73 介绍身份信息My first name is Mike. His given name is Jack.Her last name is Green. Your ID card number is 54321.Our family name is Smith. Its full name is Tom Smith.Their telephone number is 123456.4 介绍所属关系This is my pencil. That i
16、s his dictionary.These are our erasers. Those are the boys schoolbags.This green pen is mine. These keys are yours. Those ID cards are theirs. Those new computer games are ours.The blue baseball is his. The yellow pens are hers.These nice rings are mine. That nice watch is ours.5 介绍位置关系My schoolbag
17、is in the desk. His keys are on my table.Her picture is on the wall. Your quilts are on the bed.Our chairs and desks are in the classroom.Their dictionaries are under the sofa.My English book is under the chair.Your red pencil case is in your bedroom.Toms clock is under his desk.Their computer games
18、 are on the bed.Her apple tree is near my house. Jack is next to me.Your classroom is beside mine. (2010 湖南省娄底市 7. 1) -What do you think of the cake?- -I like it very much. It tastes _.?A. good B. terrible C. Well(2010 山东省潍坊市 20. 1)The cookies_good .Could I have some more?7 / 7A.taste B.smell C.feel
19、 D.sound(2010.浙江省 18. 1) - Shall we go for a picnic in the park this Saturday?- Oh, that _ good.A. feels B. looks C. tastes D. sounds(2010 江苏省宿迁市 9. 1)This piece of music _ beautiful.A. looks B. sounds C. tastes D. smells(2010湖北省黄冈市，33，1)-Which T-shirt do you prefer?-The red one .It_more comfortable
20、.A.tastes B.smells C.feels D.sounds(2010广西省梧州市，39，1)Song Zuyings voice is very sweet and her songs_very beautiful.A.taste B.sound C.smell D.feel(2010 广西南宁 33. 1)-Something _terrible.What goes bad in the kitchen?-The meat.A.looks B.tastes C.smells D.feels(2010 四川达州 25. 1)This kind of paper _soft.A. feels B. tastes C. smells D. sounds
