1、0-词汇 一上 词汇 5500 个基础词 汇：t ractor visitor边缘词 汇： monarch turnip sulfur 宗 教， 科普， 历史 。核心 词 汇 ： 2300 个 59-80 页基础词 汇1.I graduated from the high school.high school = middle school = secondary school 中 学senior school junior schoolprimary school elementary school2.sometime 有 一次 I met him sometime last week. 一
2、个 时间 点sometimes 有时 候 Sometimes I suffer from headache. 多 个时 间点some time 一段 时间 I have been waiting for some time. 两点 之间 有一 个间 隔核心词 汇1. American companies are evolving from mass-production manufacturing to flexible enterprises. evolve from A to B 从 A 演变 到 Bmass-production 大 规模 生产 flexible 灵活 的1方法：替代法、
3、联合 法、 谐音法、对比法、拆 解法1.替代词：agenda=plan n.议事 日程 on the agendaPlease place it on the agenda.The government has set an for reform over the next ten year. A. agony B. agenda C. dilemma D. paradoxassignment=task=homework n.任 务 assign v.分 配， 指派How are you getting along with your assignment?incentive n. 刺 激in
4、spiration n. 1.灵 感 ；2 .鼓舞encouragement=incentive=inspiration ment n.encourage=en-courage en 使 有 courage 勇 气 使有 勇气discourage=dis-courage material incentivedis 否定 courage 勇气 使 泄气Your help has been an inspiration to me.preserve=keep conserve=save_order preserve_ones energy conservefresh flesh preserve
5、n.保持 ，腌 制2.联合法：friendship=friend-ship friend 朋 友 ship 关系 n.友 谊disappointment n.失望 disappoint=dis-appoint dis 否定 appoint 约 会 ment n. rag rap rat rob rod rugrag be in rags rug=carpet blanket(床)rob v. 1.抢 劫； 2.盗 窃 steal rob a wallet该 句子 是错 误的 ！rob sb of sth rob him of his wallet steal his wallet rap=kn
6、ockrat=mouse mouse 小 老 鼠rod=stickrap a rat with a rodpit witA fall in the pit, a gain in your wit. 吃 一堑 ，长 一智sweet sweatNo sweet without sweat. No pain, no gains.2repel rebel repel the rebelstwist wrist twist ones wrist3.谐音法：frugal adj.节 俭的 -al adj. 腐乳 够 =thrifty adj.节 俭的 -y 多 thrift n. 节俭live a sim
7、ple life. live a frugal life.a frugal housekeeper. 一 个节俭 的管 家thrift thriftycloud cloudy -y 多dirt n.灰 尘， 尘埃 dirtyhair hairy (sb) a hairy hand fur n.furry (sth)extravagant adj.奢侈 的，过 分的 extra-vag-ant extra 过多 的 v ag 喂 ant adj.Parents who have extravagant hopes for their children are bound to be disapp
8、ointed. bound 必 定的 ，注 定的-词汇 一下agony n.苦恼 爱过 你curse v./n.诅 咒， 咒骂 克 死ambition n.雄心 ，抱 负 俺必 胜slaughter v.屠杀 死 了 老多inch n.英 寸 foot n.英尺 mile n.英里4.对比法：1） 形近 词adapt/adoptadapt=ad-apt ad add 增加 增 加适 应性 v. 1.使. .适 应; 2.改 编apt adj.1.适当 的， 恰当的 ；2 .有. 倾向 的 He made an apt remark. 他做 出了 恰 当的评 论。adapt+sb 使动 动词 的
9、 宾语通 常是 人adapt oneself to new environment adapt oneself to 调整自 己使 适应. 有反 身 代词的 一定 选 adapt. adapt the play for television 改 编剧 本使 更适 应于 电 视播放adopt=ad-opt ad 增 加 opt option 选择 增加+ 选择= 选中 v.1.采 纳 ;2.收养optional course 选修 课adopt ones suggestion adopt an orphan32) 义近 词reserve order subscribereserve v.预留 r
10、eserve a room/table/seat at a hotel =book 不 能拿 走， 只 能留book v.预定 book a ticketorder v.预 定 order a cake/suit（男） /dress（女 ） 可以 带走subscribe v.订阅 subscribe to a newspaper/magazine/journal/periodical3) 形近 +义 近（ 2004）worth worthy worthwhile adj.价值 的worth be worth doing/名词 在 此处 动名 词表 示 被动The book is worth r
11、eading /being read. 错 误worthy adj. 1.有 价值 的； 2.值 得尊 重的 ，值 得表扬 的，值 得敬 佩的 （定 语， 修饰人 ）be worthy of doing/be worhty to do 在 此处 动名词 是 正常的 动名 词The book is worthy of being read. The book is worthy to be read. a worthy professor 值 得尊重 的， 值得 敬佩 的worthwhile adj. worthwhile doing/to do 也可 以什么 都不 带Our effort is
12、 worthwhile.4) 短语 look for look at get upturn down 调 小； 拒绝look up look down look into look outlook up 查找. . look up the dictionary 错 look up the word in the dictionary refer to the dictionary reference n.参 考书look down look down on sb/look up to sb 看 不起 /尊重look into=investigate 调 查 invest-i-gate inve
13、st 投资 gate 大 门 look into the matter look out 小 心put up=put sb up 提供 住宿turn down the radio turn down ones request turn down=decline5.拆解法：prefix-root-suffix 前 缀- 词 根-后 缀 前缀 改义 ，后 缀改性compose 前缀 +词根 重点 ！1) root-suffix 词 根 +后 缀 -y 多 两个 后缀 改变 词义 的例 子4industry n. 1.工业 ;2.勤奋 可 以作 为词 根出 现 industrial adj. 工 业
14、 的 al adj. industrious=diligent adj. 勤奋 ous adj.His is industrious in his business.imagine v.想 象imaginary 想 象出 来 的 ary 性质imaginative 想 象力 丰富的 tive 多imaginable 可 以想 象 出来的 able 能 drinkable 可 以饮 用的1.The picture is highly_ imaginative2.All the characters in the book are imaginary2) prefix-root 前 缀 +词 根
15、构 词法 精神 的灵 魂 ！abstract contract extract distract subtract attracttractor n.拖拉 机 tract 拖 ，拉abstract=abs-tract abs=ab 离 开 n.摘要 ， 抽象 abnormal adj.反 常的contract=con-tract con=com=cor=col=co 共 同， 一 起 v.收 缩 n.合 同 读音 名前 动后extract=ex-tract ex 外 adj.提取 ，拔 出 extract a tooth extract juice from fruitdistract=dis
16、-tract dis 分开， 否定 v.使. .分 心 distract sb from doing sthsubtract=sub-tract sub 下面 的 v.减 去， 扣 除attract=at-tract 字母 a 加 词根 的 第一 个字 母表 示动 作的加 强 加 强拉 =吸 引5-词汇 二上Unit one同根词 :1. compose expose impose propose dispose suppose opposepose 词根 “摆 ” position n.位置compose composer composition hydrogen oxygencompose
17、=com-pose com 共 同 ，一 起 pose 摆 组 成， 创作 composer, compositionWater is composed of hydrogen and oxygen. be composed of 被 动语 态expose=ex-pose ex 外 pose 摆 揭露 ， 暴露be exposed to danger be exposed to 被动 语态impose=im-pose im=in 里面 pose 摆 强 加impose ones view upon others impose sth on/upon sb/sthHis family impos
18、ed a heavy burden on his life. other 的用 法：other another the other others the others every otheranother (one more) Have another drinkthe other (the second of two) one is red, the other is green. On the other side of the street. others (=other people,只 能指 人) Some people., others.the others (=the rest,
19、人或 物均 可)every other 每 隔一 个 every other day every other line the other day=a few days ago 句子时 态是 一般 过去 式propose proposalpropose=pro-pose pro 前面 pose 摆 1.建议； 2.求婚propose (marriage) to sb proposaldispose disposaldispose=dis-pose dis 否定， 没有 pose 摆 v.处理 (掉 )dispose of ones old furniture dispose of sth di
20、sposalMan proposes, God disposes. 谋事 在人 ，成 事在 天disposal at ones disposal 随某人 自由 支配 put/leave sth at ones disposalsuppose=sup-pose sup 下面 pose 摆 假 设Let me suppose it to be so.oppose opposite object tooppose=op-pose opposite adj 相对 的， 对面 的 op 相反 ，相 对 pose 摆 反对oppose the plan/proposal oppose sthI am op
21、posed to your idea. be opposed to sth(被动 ) object to doing/sth(主动 )63. compress depress express impress oppress suppresspress v.压 ,按compress=com-press v.压 缩He compressd his idea into a single page. compress sth into sthdepress=de-press de 向下 press 压 v.1.向下压 ;2.使 沮丧depress the button The gloomy weath
22、er depressed me.express expression expressway freeway highwayexpress=ex-press ex 向外 press 压 v.表达 expression express n.快车 express train express mailhighway n.公 路， 干路 expressway n.高 速公路 freeway n.高 速公路 （免 费的 ）impress impression impressiveimpress=im-press im 里 press 压 v.给. 留下印 象impression n. impressive
23、 adj 印 象深 刻的 ive 很多oppress=op-press op 反 press 压 压迫 ，压制 oppress the workerssuppress revolt repel rebel twist wrist sweat sweetsuppress=sup-press sup 下 press 压 镇 压 supposeThe revolt was suppressed by the military.repel the rebels twist ones wrist no sweat, no sweet.4. observe v.1.观 察 ； 2.遵 守5. exhibi
24、t inhibit prohibit-hibit (拿)exhibit display exhibition bravery battleexhibit=ex-hibit ex 外 面 hibit 拿 v. 1.展 览； 2.展 示出 n.展 品Our soldiers exhibited great bravery in the battle. display exhibition n.展 览 Dont touch the exhibits.inhibit inexpensive persuadeinhibit=in-hibit in 否 定，里 面 hibit 拿 v.约 束inexpen
25、sive=cheap The price is cheap. 错 The price is low.v+sb+from+doing 否 定 prevent sb from doing something inhibit sb from doing something. v+sb+into+doing 肯 定 persuade sb into doing sthprohibit=pro-hibit pro 在. 前 hibit 拿 禁止 inhibit 的升 级版prohibit sb from doing sth7形近词1. attribute contribute distributetri
26、bute n.贡品 ， 礼 物（ 下 级对上 级） -tribute 给 予 gift 礼 物attribute aggravate graveattribute=at-tribute at 加强 ，加 重 tribute 给 予 归 因于 .词根 第一 个字 母重 复表 示加强 attractaggravate=ag-grav-ate ag 加强 grave adj.严 重 的 ate v. 加 重 aggravate the situationMustafa attributes his success to hard work. attribute A to B His success
27、is attributed to hard work. A be attributed to Bcontribute=con-tribute con 全部 tribute 给予 v.1.捐 献 ； 2.促 成Plenty of fresh air contributes to good health. B contribute to A B 是 原因， A 是 结果distribute=dis-tribute dis 否定， 分开 tribute 给予 分发 ，分 配Tickets will be distributed to all club members.2. assure ensure
28、 reassure insure securesure 确信assure ensureassure v.使确 信 +sb 使动动 词通 常跟 人ensure v.确 信， 确保 +sthI that theyll be safe. ensureI you that theyll be safe. assurereassure repeat comfort consolereassure=re+assure v.安 慰 repeat comfort consolereassure+sb=console+sb console=con=sole con 一起 sole 单 一的 ，单 身 的( 女
29、性) I will try to reassure her.The good news consoled him a great deal.insure insuranceinsure v.保险 insure the house insurance companyHe insured the house against fire. insure sb/sth againstsecure security hostage marriage packagesecure v. 保 护 security check a sense of security/humora sense of respons
30、ibility a sense of dutysecure sb secure the hostage age n. hostage n.人质 marriage n.婚 姻 package n.包裹propose marriage to sbpackage packet pocket parcel pack luggage baggage suitcase briefcase purse8package=parcelpacket=pack n.小包 a packet of cigarettes/candy pocket n.口袋 pocket money 零 用钱luggage=baggage
31、=suitcase briefcase wallet purse-词汇 二下3. confine confirm conform confrontconfine householdconfine=con-fine con 一起 fine 惩 罚 限制confine the speech to 30 minutes. confine sth (to, within)In the old days womens activities were confined to the household.confirm=con-firm con 一起 firm 确定 证实， 确认He confirmed h
32、is reservation by phone. reserveconform comply abide observeconform=con-form con 共同 form 形 式 符合， 遵守1.conform to Conform to the regulation. comform to the local customs 入乡随俗ply with comply with the rule3.abide by abide by the law observe 遵 守， 观察confront=con-front con 一起 front 前 面 （勇 敢） 面对 ，面 临be conf
33、ronted by/with I am confronted with difficulties. be opposed to4. assume presume resume consumeassume responsibility grantassume v.1.假设 （没 有根 据） ， 认为 某事 是当 然的 ； 2.承 担take sth for granted 认 为 某事是 当然 的， 想当 然地 认为 assume 的真 正含 义I assumed that I was right.assume the responsibility. =take on the responsib
34、ilitypresume miss stolen gonepresume v.推 测（ 有根 据 的）Their son was missing, presumed dead. missing adj.丢了 现 在分 词miss v.想 念， 丢失The wallet was _. lost/missing/stolen/disappearing/gone 现 在分 词 表主动 ， 过 去分 词表 被动resume vt. 恢复 n.履历 resume+doing resume ones position 复职consume consumer customer5. bold fold mold
35、 withhold threshold scold9bold venture adventurebold adj. 1.勇敢 地， 冒失 的； 2.黑 体的Its bold of you to venture to do this. adventure n. All the key words are printed in bold type.fold v.折 叠 fold a letterfolding adj a folding chair/bed/rullermold v.塑 造 n.模子mold ones characterwithhold temptationwithhold v.1
36、.拒 付 ； 2.阻挡withhold the paymentwithhold the temptation = resist the temptationthreshold n. 开端 ，门 槛on the threshold of He was on the threshold of a brilliant career.scold blame criticisescold v.斥 责， 批评scold sb for sth blame criticise6. disfuse discount dismay disruptdis dif 分开 ， 除 去disfuse transmitdi
37、sfuse=dis-fuse dis 分 开 fuse 保险 丝 扩散， 传播disfuse knowledge/heat = transimit knowledge/heatdiscount=dis-count n.折 扣Staff get 20% discount on all goods.dismay desperate hopeless housewife criminaldismay=dis-may dis 去 掉 may 可 能性 使绝 望 dismay sbWe were dismayed at the news.desperate 1.绝 望 的； 2.铤 而走险 的（ 主观 ） hopeless 真正 的绝 望 /没 有希 望 ，无药 可救 （客 观 ）desperate housewives a desperate criminal He was desperate to find a job. 主观 上的 感觉 He was hopeless to find any job. 客 观上disrupt=dis-rupt dis 分开 rupt 断 裂 使中断disrupt the flight.
